Memorial Book of Krzemieniec
(Kremenets’, Ukraine)

50°06' / 25°43'

Translation of
Pinkas Kremenits; Sefer Zikaron

Edited by: Abraham Samuel Stein

Published in Tel Aviv, 1954

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Acknowledgments

Project Coordinator

Ronald D. Doctor

 

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Kremenets & Mt. Bona /M. Kagan

Table of Contents

Dedication * iii
Table of Figures  * xi
Translation Project Editor's NoteRonald D. Doctor* xiii
Schedule of Additions to the English TranslationRonald D. Doctor* xvii
Translation AcknowledgementsRonald D. Doctor* xix
Short Table of Contents to Hebrew Section * 3
 
Part One [Hebrew]
 
Within the book (Introduction)The Editors7
History of Jewish settlement in Kremenets
a.The town of Kremenets and the beginning of its Jewish Settlement
b.The thriving period
c.1648 & 1649 Decrees
 d.The stalemate period
 e.The life outside
 f.The era of Russian rule in Kremenets (1793-1917)
 g.Amidst Khasidism and Haskala: The obligations of Zion
S. Otinger and Kh. Shmeruk* 9
* 9
 
* 11
17
20
26
30
34
 
Addenda
 
Addendum 1: Announcements from the scribe of the town of Kremenets about the destruction of the fortress by the Cossacks in 1648
 37
Addendum 2: The trial for blood libel in Kremenets

Translation of the document, "From the Kremenets Castle books of April 16, 1753"
 * 40

* 42
Addendum 3: The Magid from Kremenets, R' Yakov Yisrael son of Tsvi Ha'Levi
 * 43
Addendum 4: The troubles of the "unregistered" in Kremenets
 * 45
 
Chapters in the History of Kremenets Jewry
 
Changing eras
     The Landscape
     R'YBL and his era
     At the start of the 20th Century
     During the First World War
     During the revolution and the civil war
     Under Polish rule
     During the Second World War		Manus Goldenberg* 46
* 46
* 47
* 50
* 51
* 51
* 52
* 53
Before World War I
     A view of the city and its surroundings
     Economic lilfe
     Public life
     Volunteerism and functionaries
     The story of the dispute
     Torah and G-d-fearing
     Relations between peoples
     Status of the Zionist movement
     Education		Yitskhak Rokhel* 54
* 54
* 55
* 55
* 56
* 56
* 58
* 58
* 59
* 60
How Kremenets was saved from the riotsAkiva Ziger* 60
Help to refugees during WW IMenakhem Goldgart* 61
In the beginning of the RevolutionM. Kornits* 63
During the changes of 1917-1920Azriel Goren* 65
Twenty-one months under Soviet ruleAyzik Hofman* 66
A couragous spiritGeneral Yosef Avidar* 69
 
Rabbi Yitskhak Ber Levinzon (RYB''L)
 
Rabbi Yitskhak Ber Lewinzon (RYB"L), his life and personality
     The books of RYB"L
     Teuda Yisrael
     Beyt Yehuda		A. Ben-Or (Orinovski) * 71
* 74
* 74
* 76
RYB''L among childrenL. Rosental* 76
On the value of crafts and agricultureRYB''L* 77
The student travels to his teacherYokhanen Tverski* 78
 
Public life
The Kremenets community under the PolesMunye Katz * 82
The Jews in the townZev Shumski* 84
Synagogues and houses of studyA. Gluzman* 87
Eighteen synagoguesYonatan Kucher* 92
The economic situation between the two world warsLeon Hokhberg & Zev Shumski* 92
The Jewish BanksMoshe Shnayder* 95
T. A. Z. branch (Health Care Organization)Y. Portnoy* 97
The Jewish workers' struggleNatanel Kagan* 97
Jewish sportKhayim Taytsher* 100
Foundations and Organizations * 105
 
Zionism, Pioneering, Emigration
 
The history of the "organization"Yisrael Biberman* 107
The Pioneer (haKhalutz) MovementYisrael Otiker* 112
The first pioneering groupKhanokh Rokhel, Yitskhak Biberman* 115
The second wave of pioneers (1921-1925)A. Yosef* 119
The "Young Pioneer" & "The Pioneer" (1923-1934)
(haKhalutz haTsair & haKhalutz)		A. Shokhat* 122
Verba – A spark of KlosovaM. Belizhovski* 125
The Kibbutz in VerbaSh. Zaromov* 125
The "HaShomer HaTsair" movementAyzik Hofman* 127
The "Academic Pioneers"Sh. Taytelman* 130
 
Education & Culture
 
Teachers and rabbisTovia Troshinski 131
Jewish National SchoolMitia Kornits134
Trade schoolMoshe Schnayder135
How the Hebrew asylum was erected overnightPesakh Litvak136
"Tarbut" schoolYehuda Kenif137
"The Jewish corner"General Yosef Avidar143
The O. R. T. SchoolMunye Katz144
The Kremenets newspaperYisrael Otiker* 146
 
[452/v]
Memories and Events
 
Kremenets – election headquartersAbraham Levinson151
In the city of RYB''LRakhel Emri (Faygenberg)154
The gold key of Kremenets JewryRakhel Emri156
Names and nicknamesK. L.158
The Heroes From The Village Fol'varki
 (Translation Ed. Note: Fol'varki (Strutin') is at 49° 47'N, 24° 55'E, 41.7 mi. WSW of Kremenets)
Sara Bat 160
Construction styleZev Shumski161
"Alterman's Courtyard"Manus Goldenberg165
 
Characters & Personalities
   
Rabbis & SlaughterersYonatan Kucher179
Teachers & KhedersZev Kligman & Bunya Snoftman182
Water bearers & portersAkiva Ziger183
Two out of a myriadMordekhai Otiker184
Characters (HaShomer HaTsair Organization)Rakhel Otiker-Nadir (Tel Aviv)187
Tsvi Prilutski (1862-1942)Yosef Haftman189
Paragraphs from a letter (Zionist Archives in Jerusalem)Tsvi Prilutski191
Dr. Toviya Hindes (1852-1920)Abraham Zamir* 193
Dr. Binyamin Landsberg (1890-1942)Toviya Trushinski* 195
Moshe Idelman (1864-1942)Yitskhak Rokhel* 197
David Goldenberg (1880-1934)Manus Goldenberg* 199
Rabbi Ben-Tsion HofmanAyzik Hofman200
R. Meshulam Katz (1850-1908)Moshe Katz200
Boris LiachManus Goldenberg201
Yisrael Margalit (1865-1942)Zev Shumski203
Shlome Fingerut (1888-1942)Y. Otiker203
Arye Feldman (1900-1942)Y. Otiker204
Avigdor (Zeydi) Perlmuter (1876-1942)Ayzik Hofman205
Moshe Frankel (1902-1944) 206
Rabbi Getsi Klorfayn (1872-1942)Leah Klorfayn206
Hadassah RubinGeneral Yosef Avidar207
Rabbi Tsvi Menakhem Rokhel (1835-1922)K. L.* 208
Mikhael Shumski (1857-1928)Yitskhak Rokhel* 210
Dr. Zalman ShaynbergSonya Radzinovits Aksel* 212
Meir Samsons (Meir Bernshtayn)General Yosef Avidar* 213
 
Kremenets Exiles in Israel
 
The part played by Kremenets exiles in building the Land of IsraelYitskhak Rokhel214
General Yosef Avidar (Rokhel)Dr. David Lazar219
Eliezer DubkirerManus Goldenberg223
The two who fell in Yagur (Hinda Fishman, Shmuel Dishel)A. Fidel224
Yisrael GoldenbergManus Goldenberg226
Shmuel KoylerM. A.227
The spirit of two fighters (Sivanya Kaselman, Abraham Margalit)Moshe Kremenchutski* 228
Shprintse RokhelA. Y.229
 
The Destruction of Kremenets
 
Smoking embers…Manus Goldenberg231
The back of the HolocaustBetsalel Shwarts234
The story of the destructionTovah Tepper Kaplan251
Desecrated skinsTovia Troshinski264
Heads of the Judenrat in KremenetsAyzik Hofman268
He didn't succeedGeneral Yosef Avidar269
My heart, my heart on your corpsesDavid Sokhman269
AfterwordThe editors270
 
Additions
 
I saw you such, my cityMiriam Bat271
[453/vi]
Part Two [Yiddish]
 
Yiddish Section Title Page * 274
Short Table of Contents * 275
IntroductionThe editors277
History of Jewish settlement in KremenetsS. Otinger and Kh. Shmeruk281
 
Rabbi Yitschak Ber Levinzon (RYB'L, 1788-1860)
 
The battles before the HaskalahWolf Shnayder288
Restoring RYB''L's homeY. Margalit299
 
Between the Two World Wars
 
Jewish KremenetsY. Otiker301
The community budgetKh. Shmeruk308
The Great SynagogueH. Gilernt311
The orphanageB. Bernstayn314
Circle of self-sufficient orphansL. Eller320
A working cityB. Barshap321
The Tailor songS. Fingerut322
The Porter songH. Rubin323
The O. R. T. SchoolKh. Shmeruk324
The living Jewish theaterKh. Shmeruk326
The charity fundKh. Shmeruk327
Ledger of the charity fund "Halvavas-khen"M. Gerstayn328
The "second" KremenetsKh. Shmeruk333
 
The Jewish Workmen's Movement
 
The Prof. MovementM. Goldenberg335
The "Bund"T. T.-Y.340
The Communist MovementManus Goldenberg344
 
Prominent Figures
 
Tsvi Prilutski 353
Mikhal Barshop 354
M. B. Goldfarb 355
Wolf Gornfeld 355
Meir Goldring (1886-1942) * 356
Abraham Yaakov Veinberg * 357
Khaykel Bernstayn * 357
Elye Khaykel Bernshtayn 358
Dr. Arye Landsberg (?-1932) 359
Dr. Meir Litvak (1861-1932) 360
Rabbi Shraga-Arye Marder 363
Shimeon Khayim Moliar 363
Mendel Karsh 364
Rabbi Yekhiel Yitskhak Rapaport 366
 
Remembrances and customs
 
The An-Ski expedition in KremenetsH. Gilernt367
How one once disseminated Yiddish literatureDavid Roykhel376
The funeral of a Torah scrollH. Gilernt378
The fair at the Dubner city gateM. Shnayder380
On old customs H. Gilernt381
Purim L. Rosental388
What happened (an old written tradition)Kh. Shmeruk389
My first day in KhederEster Leybl-Rubinstayn392
Old KremenetsM. Suravski393
Two poemsH. Rubin398
Kremenits tidbitsH. Kessler400
Kremenets characters
     Aydl Shuster
     Khayim Gershun Shnader
     Moshe Hipsh
     Mordekhai Shnayer
     Yankel Vassertreter
     Hirsh Klezmer
     Shalom Peyke
     Moshe Tate
     Ayzik Shlisele		M. Kornits401
401
401
402
402
402
403
403
403
404
Rabbi Shlomo KovalYitskhak Wakman405
Documents 408
 
Destruction & Holocaust
 
A Shtetl by the Potik (a poem)Manus Goldenberg413
The destruction of Kremenets – Ghetto martyrologyB. Shwarts416
The last chapterA. Barshap, N. Kagan438
With refugees in ItalyYitskhak Wakman439
To you… (poem)T. Trushinski440
 
Kremenets in the World
 
Forty years of the Kremenets Landsmannschaft in New YorkYitskhak Wakman441
A word after Khaya RapaportTs. R.446
Kremenetsers in ArgentinaY. Koyfman447
Home WoeHelena Vaynberg* 450
 
Bibliography
Name Index
A 1747 Court Record of a Trial of 14 Kremenets-area Jews Accused of Ritual Murder

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