JCR-UK

Hull Jewish Community

Kingston upon Hull

East Riding of Yorkshire
 

 
 

JCR-UK is a genealogical and historical website covering all Jewish communities and
congregations throughout the British Isles and Gibraltar, both past and present.
NOTE: We are not the official website for this community.

City of Kingston upon Hull

Kingston upon Hull, usually shortened to Hull, is a city of about 250,000 inhabitants located on the northern bank of the Humber estuary in northern England. It has been a unitary authority since 1996.  Prior to then, Hull was a district of the now defunct administrative county of Humberside, which had been formed in 1974. After the abolition of Humberside in 1996, Hull was placed for ceremonial purposes in the county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, having been a county borough in the East Riding until 1974.

The Hull Jewish Community

The Hull Jewish community dates back to at least 1766, when the first recorded Jew settled in the city. However, remains have been found of a 17th century synagogue.

Jewish Congregations


The following are the Jewish congregations that exist or existed in Hull:

* An active congregation.

Background:

A 17th century synagogue was situated in Dagger Lane.  In the late 18th/early 19th centuries, synagogues were established in Postergate and Parade Road, which merged in 1824 to form the Hull (Old) Hebrew Congregation, from which Hull's Western Synagogue split from in 1903.  The Hull Central Synagogue was in existence from 1886 to 1976.  Small short-lived congregations were founded in the late 19th century in Great Thornton Street, Nile Street and Prince Street. In 1928, the New Hebrew Congregation was formed on the merger of the Hull Beth Hamedrash, Great Passage Street (founded about 1910) and the Adelaide Road Synagogue (founded about 1926), but which became defunct in the early 1940s.  The Reform congregation dates back to the mid-1960's.  In 1994, the Hull Old Hebrew Congregation reunited with the Hull Western Synagogue to form the Hull Hebrew Congregation, the sole remaining orthodox congregation in the city.

The following are former or alternative names of the above congregations:

 

Hull's Communal Rabbis

In September 1956, the Hull Jewish community decided to appoint a communal rabbi for the community's then existing three orthodox congregations. (See Jewish Chronicle press report of September 1956 reporting on the induction of the first communal rabbi.)

The following were Hull's communal rabbis:

(To view a short profile of either of the above rabbis, hold the cursor over his name.)

 

Search the All-UK Database

The records in the database associated with Hull include:

  • Marriages:

    • Hull 1848-1970 (1,404 records).
       

  • Burials:

    • Delhi Street Cemetery (1,394 records*);

    • Marfleet Lane Cemetery (450 records on JOWBR);

    • Old Hebrew Congregation Burial Grounds (769 records on JOWBR).
      *A search in the database may also reveal duplicates of these records on the JewishGen Online Worldwide Burial Register (JOWBR).

  • School:

  • UK Jewish Communal Leaders Database - Hull records:

    • Jewish Directory for 1874 (records of 21 individuals);

    • Jewish Year Book 1896/7 (records of 19 individuals); and

    • JCR-UK Listings (records of 95 individuals - as of the March 2024 update).
       

  • 1851 Anglo Jewry Database (as of the 2016 update):

    • Individuals in the "1851" database who were living in Hull during the 1780s (3 records), 1790s (9 records), 1800s (15 records), 1810s (11 records); 1820s (24 records), 1830s (34 records), 1840s (103 records), 1850s (327 records), 1860s (60 records), 1870s (43 records), 1880s (36 records), 1890s (23 records), 1900s (11 records) and 1910s (3 records).

 

On-line Articles and Other Material
relating to the Hull Jewish Community

on JCR-UK

on third parties' websites


 Some Notable Jewish Connections with Hull
(prepared with the assistance of Steven Jaffe)

  • Marcus Bibbero (1837-1910), world-class swimmer and cross-channel coach, who promoted life-saving techniques and municipal baths, was brought up in Hull though born in Prussia. He performed swimming feats styled as Marquis Bibbero.

  • Ellis Davidson (1828-1878), a pioneer in the study of art in the UK, was born in Hull.

  • Lionel Davidson FRSL (1922-2009), author who wrote spy thrillers and also children's fiction under the pen name David Line, was born and raised in Hull.

  • Sir Joseph Duveen (1843-1908), Dutch born art dealer and benefactor of art galleries, settled in Hull in the 1860s. His son, Baron Duveen of Millbank (1869-1939), born in Hull, became one of the world's leading art dealers and was a benefactor to Hull's Guildhall and Ferens galleries, as well as the British Museum and Tate Gallery. He was made a Freeman of the City of Hull in 1929 and was raised to the peerage in 1933.

  • Judge Israel Finestein QC (1921-2009), Deputy High Court Judge, was born and raised in Hull. He was President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews (1991-94). A historian of British Jewry, he was twice president of the Jewish Historical Society of England (1973-75). He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Hull.

  • Max Gold (1945-2017), solicitor, who represented families of crewmen who died when the trawler Gaul sank in 1974, was chair of Hull Kingston Rovers Rugby League club in the early 1990s.

  • Neville Goldrein CBE (1924-2020), Leader of Lancashire County Council (1977-1981) was born and raised in Hull.

  • Mark Goulden (1898-1980), journalist and publisher, began his career as a cub reporter for several newspapers and became Managing Editor of the Eastern Morning News, the Hull Evening News, the Hull Weekly News and the Yorkshire Evening News while still in his twenties.

  • Louis Harris MBE (1896-1975) made 255 appearances (and 76 tries) for Hull Kingston Rovers, and was later the club's coach and a director.

  • Domini Highsmith (1942-2003) from Beverely, Yorkshire (about 10 miles north of Hull), a writer in Yorkshire dialect, also wrote thrillers and autobiographical novels based on personal experience of childhood abuse. His pen names included Domini Wiles and Amy Van Hassen.

  • Jacobs family:

    • Bethel Jacobs (1812-1869), a silversmith and clock maker, born in Hull. He was a municipal and communal leader and helped found the Hull School of Art in 1861. He was the father of Benjamin Septimus Jacobs and Charles Jacobs (see below).

    • Benjamin Septimus Jacobs (1851-1931), architect, was a son of Bethel Jacobs. He designed many Hull buildings - including the Yorkshire Penny Bank (now Café Nero) in Queen Victoria Square, as well as Linnaeus Street synagogue (where he served as president). Amongst other synagogue commissions he was consulting architect for the Annesley Street synagogue in Belfast (1904) and designed the Mikva and baths at the Synagogue in Adelaide Road, Dublin in 1919.

    • Charles Jacobs (1850-1919), engineer, was born in Hull and a son of Bethel Jacobs. Amongst a number of international commissions, he designed the rail tunnel under the Hudson River in New York and also a number of tunnels to Penn Station which facilitated the development of mid Manhatten. The Charles and Esther Jacobs Homes, Askew Avenue, near Pickering Park, in Hull was established after his death intended for the over sixties with preference given to members of the Hull Jewish community. The original houses were replaced in 2013 when the charity merged with Pickering and Ferens Homes, but the estate is still known as Jacobs Homes.

  • Joyce Kennedy (née Harris) (1933-2021), a GP and anaesthetist in Salford, was born in Hull. She was a writer on classical music and joint editor of the multi-edition Oxford Dictionary of Music (1980).

  • Louis Lebus, German-born, a Hull-based cabinet maker during the 1840s and 1850s, in 1857 moved to London with his son, later Sir Harris Lebus (1852-1907) where they founded one of the world's largest furniture factories, located in London's East End.

  • Dame Maureen Lipman, DBE (born 1946), English actress, columnist and comedian, was born in Hull and her father was president of the Central Synagogue. She married playwright, Jack Rosenthal.

  • Harry Pitch (1925-2015), harmonica player, perhaps best known for performing the opening theme of the TV series, Last of the Summer Wine, was born in Hull and grew up in London.

  • Wilf Rosenberg (1934-2019), South African Rugby Union international, played Rugby League initially for championship-winning Leeds and then for Hull RFC (1961-63) where he played 86 games and scored 42 tries.

  • Harold Silver (1929-2021), educationalist and writer, was born and raised in Hull.

  • Dame Valerie Strachan, DCB (née Nicholls); (b. 1940 in Hull), senior civil servant, was Chair of HM Customs and Excise (1993-2000).

  • Isobel (Isy) Suttie (b. 1978 in Hull), is a musical comedian, actress, and writer.

  • Dame Helen Suzman DBE (1917-2009), anti-apartheid campaigner, was awarded the Honorary Freedom of the City of Hull in 1987.

  • Jewish Members of Parliament for Hull:

    • Henry Solomons (1902-1965) was Labour MP for Kingston upon Hull North, 1964-1965.

  • Jewish Mayors and Lord Mayors of Hull (in chronological order):

    • William Henry Moss, a convert from Judaism, was Mayor of Hull in 1856 and 1862.

    • Martin Samuelson, a convert from Judaism, was Mayor of Hull in 1858 and Sheriff of Hull in 1857.

    • Henry Feldman (1855-1915) was Mayor of Hull in 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909.

    • Benno Pearlman (1877-1945) was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1928 and Sheriff of Hull in 1923, 1932 and 1939.

    • Sir Joseph Leopold (Leo) Schultz, OBE (1900-1991) was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1942 and Sheriff of Hull in 1968. He led Labour controlled Hull City Council from 1945 to 1979. In 2011 a statue of Sir Leo was unveiled at the Hull Guild Hall.

    • Alfred Kyno (Alf) Jacobs (1897-1956) was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1952.

    • Lawrence Science was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1958 and 1959.

    • Lionel Rosen, OBE was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1972 and Sheriff of Hull in 1951.

    • Lionel Pearlman was Lord Mayor of Hull in 1983.

  • Jewish Sheriffs of Hull (other than those who served as Mayor or Lord Mayor) (in alphabetical order):

    • Victor Dumoulin (1836-1921) was Sheriff of Hull in 1902 and his son, Edward Dumoulin was Sheriff of Hull in 1910.

    • Edward Gosschalk (1841-1925) was Sheriff of Hull in 1906.

    • Marcus Segal was Sheriff of Hull in 1966.

    • John Symons was Sheriff of Hull in 1890.

  • University of Hull Academics and Alumni:

    • Professor Jacob Bronowski (1908-1974), Polish-born mathematician, best known as the author and presenter of the Ascent of Man (BBC, 1973) taught at the University of Hull (1934-42). In 2012 a blue plaque to honour his connection to Hull was unveiled at his former home at 29 Hallgate, Cottingham.

    • Lord Henry Cohen (first Baron Cohen of Birkenhead) (1900-1977), leading medical doctor and author, was chancellor of the University of Hull (1970-77).

    • Dame Louise Ellman, DBE (b.1945 in Manchester, nee Rosenberg) Labour MP for Liverpool Riverside (1997-2019), graduated from the University of Hull in 1967.

    • Dame Hazel Genn, DBE KC (hon.), born and raised in north London, a professor and leading authority on civil justice, graduated from the University of Hull in 1970.

    • Ludwig Lachman (1906-1990), economist and theorist, refugee from Nazi Germany, was head of the Economics Department at the University of Hull (1943-48).

    • Bernhard Neumann, AC FRS (1909-2002), a Berlin-born refugee from Nazi persecution, was lecturer in mathematics at the University of Hull (1946-48). He became a leading figure in developing group theory, as was his wife Hanna and two children who were also mathematicians.
 


Hull Station Plaque to Immigrants

 

Other Hull Jewish Institutions & Organisations

Educational & Theological

  • Hull Hebrew Schools. There was already a Hebrew school for boys and girls in 1826 on the establishment of the synagogue in Robinson Row.(xx) Later, in 1901, the Chief Rabbi made it a condition for approving the creation of the Western Synagogue that the complex include a school.(xxi) It would appear, however, that in the early years of the twentieth century, the Hebrew Boys' School had closed,(xxii) the boys attending State schools and receiving their religious education the synagogues' Hebrew and religious classes on weekday evenings and Sundays(xxiii) However, the Hull Jewish Girls' School, Linnaeus Street, continued until the outbreak of World War II.(xxiv)  

  • The Community's Chedar or Religious and Hebrew Classes, existed under various names and at various venues, including Hull Boys Evening School, Linnaeus Street (early twentieth century),(xxv) the Cogan Street Hebrew Boys School (early 1920s),(xxvi) the Communal Talmud Torah and the Communal Hebrew School.

Welfare, Religious & Communal Organisations

  • Jewish Representative Council (founded in February 1945). Its official organ was a fortnightly newspaper entitled Hull Jewish Watchman, inspired by Rabbi Eliezer Simcha Rabinowitz in the 1950s.(xxx) 

  • Jewish Soup Kitchen , Lower Union Street "to provide food on Sabbaths and Holidays to poor Jews arriving from Continental ports."(xxxi)

  • Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Society (founded 1861) "to grant relief of necessitous of Jewish faith and Jewish women during sickness and confinement."(xxxii)

  • "Malbish Aroomin" Clothing Fund (founded by 1880) for the "purchase and distribution of clothing to poor men and boys and to school children."(xxxiii)

  • "Gemilous Chessodim" Philanthropic Society (founded 1848).(xxxiv)

  • Hull Hebrew Board of Guardians (founded 1880) for the relief of resident and casual poor,(xxxvii) later (from about 1999) Hull Jewish Community Care(xxxviii) with Women's Auxiliary Committee (founded by 1931).(xxxix)

  • The Clothing Guild (founded by 1903) "to supply comfortable clothing to necessitous families."(xl)

  • Hull Shelter Society (founded by 1910).(xli)

  • Bikur Cholim Society (founded by 1918).(xlii)

  • Hebrew Emigration Philanthropic Society (founded by 1920).(xlv)

  • Board of Shechita (founded 1920).(xlvi)

  • Orphan Aid Society (founded by 1925).(xlvii)

  • Council for Jewish Refugee (founded by 1938).(xlviii)

  • Chevra Kadisha (unified society believed founded in 1930s).(xlix)

  • Council for Jewish Refugee (founded by 1938).(l)

  • Board of Guardians' Flatlets for the Aged, 225 Anlaby Road (founded by 1965).(li)

Friendly Societies, Lodges, etc.

  • "Meshivas Nephesh" Benefit Society, subsequently renamed Jacob Alper Society No. 2 Lodge (founded 1849).(liv)

  • "Sons of Israel" (founded 1871).(lv)

  • Order Shield of Israel Self Help Lodge No 30, previously Hull Hebrew Self-help Friendly Society (founded 1889).(lvi)

  • Grand Lodge of Israel Friendly Society, Brotherly Help Lodge No. 19 (founded by 1907).(lvii)

  • Grand Lodge of Israel Friendly Society Lodge No. 96 (founded by 1915).(lviii)

  • Bnei Brith (no details) (founded by 1915).(lxi)

  • IOBB Friendly Society, Samuel Montague Lodge No. 22 (founded by 1932).(lxii)

  • Bnei Brith Benno Pearlman Lodge (founded by 1935).(lxiii)

  • Bnei Brith Hull Lodge 1200 (founded by 1945).(lxiv)

Social, Cultural, Youth & Sporting Organisations

  • Jewish Lads Brigade (founded in 1871).(lxvii)

  • Hull Hebrew Literary and Debating Society (initially known as the Hebrew Young Men's Literary and Debating Society) (founded in 1895) "for promoting the intellectual and social welfare of the Jewish community of Hull."(lxviii)

  • Hull Jewish Guild (founded in 1899).(lxix)

  • Hull Jewish Girls Club (founded in 1900).(lxx)

  • Hull Hebrew Recreation Club (founded by 1900).(lxxi)

  • The Century Club, Wright Street (founded in 1901).(lxxii)

  • Union of Jewish Women, Hull Branch (founded by 1904).(lxxv)

  • Jewish Social and Literary Union (founded by 1908).(lxxvi)

  • Gordon Social Club, White House Hotel, Paragon Street (founded by 1909).(lxxvii)

  • Hebrew Working Men's Institute (founded by 1915).(lxxviii)

  • Jewish Boys Social Club (founded by 1916).(lxxix)

  • Hull Judeans Cricket Club (founded in 1919).(lxxx)

  • Jewish Girl Guides (founded by 1929).(lxxxii)

  • Jewish Youth Society (founded by 1932).(lxxxiii)

  • Hull Judeans Maccabi Association (founded by 1932(lxxxiv) and one of the constituent organisations that amalgamated to form the Hull Hebrew Congregation in 1994(lxxxv)), including the Hull Judeans Table Tennis Association.(lxxxvi)

  • Jewish Boys Scouts (founded by 1934).(lxxxvii)

  • Hull Jewish Institute, 209 Anlaby Road (founded by 1951).(lxxxviii)

  • Jewish Literary Society (founded by 1954).(lxxxix)

  • Friendship Club (founded by 1955).(xcii)

  • League of Jewish Women (founded by 1955).(xciii)

  • Hull Jewish Golf Club (founded by 1956).(xciv)

  • University Jewish Students Association (founded by 1965).(xcv)

  • Parkfield Centre, Parkfield Drive (founded by 1973).(xcvi)

  • Hillel House, 18 Aukland Avenue (founded by 1975).(xcvii)

Zionist & Other Israel Organisations

  • Zionist Association or Zionist Society (founded by 1911).(c)

  • Hull Young Zionist Association (later Institute) (founded by 1919).(ci)

  • Hull Junior Zionists (founded by 1927).(cii)

  • JNF Commission, branch (founded by 1927).(ciii)

  • Hull Joint Zionist Council (founded by 1928).(civ)

  • Habanim-Gedud (founded by 1939).(cv)

  • Women's Zionist Society (later WIZO, Hull) (founded by 1939).(cviii)

  • Palestine Women's and Children's Welfare Society, branch (founded by 1947).(cix)

  • World Jewish Congress, Hull Branch (founded by 1949).(cx)

  • Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (founded by 1950).(cxi)

  • Friends of the Anti-Tuberculosis League of Israel (founded by 1952).(cxii)

  • Daughters of Zion (founded by 1955).(cxiii)

Miscellaneous Institutions

  • Jewish Naturalisation Association (founded by 1906).(cxvi)

  • Association of Jewish Ex Servicemen and Women (AJEX) (founded in 1921).(cxvii)

  • British Legion, Duveen Section (founded by 1939).(cxviii)

  • Trade Advisory Council (founded by 1945).(cxix)

  • Hull and District Council of Christian and Jews (founded in 1947).(cxx)

  • Public Relations Committee (founded by 1948).(cxxi)

 

Community Records

 

Hull Jewish Cemeteries Information
 (for records on the ALL-UK Database, see above)


Hull had definitely six, and probably  as many as eights, Jewish cemeteries (one Reform and the remainder Orthodox), as listed below. For details see the JCR-UK article Hull's Six Jewish Cemeteries by David Lewis.

  • Dagger Lane Burial Ground. In 1774, when the Hull Town fortifications were levelled, human remains, all facing east, were found together with various Jewish artefacts just inside the town walls, close to the former seventeenth century Dagger Lane synagogue, indicating the existence of an old Jewish burial ground.

  • Villa Place Cemetery. This was the first Jewish cemetery, in what was previously known the Manor of Myton and Tupcoates (today off Walker Street, Hull). It was in use from about 1780 until 1812 and held approximately 50 burials.

  • Hessle Road Cemetery, (formerly Patrick's Ground Lane), near Ropery Street. It was in use from 1812 until 1858 and had room for some 120 graves, although it is believed that only about 75 were used.

  • (It is considered likely that there was another Jewish cemetery in use at the same time as the Hessle Street Cemetery, but its whereabouts are unknown.)

  • Delhi Street Cemetery, at the corner with Hedon Road. This has been in use since 1858 and contains over 1,250 burials. The northern section was a separate Jewish cemetery used by Hull's Western Synagogue from 1903 (when that congregation split from the then Hull Hebrew Congregation which became the Hull Old Hebrew Congregation) until both congregations were reunited in 1993 as the Hull Hebrew Congregation.

  • Ella Street Cemetery, in the Avenue area of Hull. This has been in use since 1889. It started life as a private burial ground of the Fischhoff family and was acquired by Hull's Central Synagogue. It was also used by Hull's New Hebrew Congregation from 1928 to 1941. It is now a cemetery of the Hull Hebrew Congregation.

  • Marfleet Cemetery. This is a cemetery of the Hull Hebrew Congregation, having initially been established in 1935 by Hull Old Hebrew Congregation. It contained over 450 burials (as of 2005). A new ohel was opened here by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis in March 2017.

  • Tranby Lane Reform Jewish Cemetery, Anlaby. This is the Jewish Section of the Anlaby Cemetery and is the cemetery of the Hull Reform Synagogue. It was opened in 1975.

(For additional information, see IAJGS Cemeteries Project - Hull)

 

Hull Jewish Population Data

Year

Number

Source

1837

35 families

(Paper by Israel Finestein)

1851

200

(Chief Rabbis Census estimate)

1896

1,350

(The Jewish Year Book 1896/7)

1898

1,500

(The Jewish Year Book 1898/9)

1900

2,000

(The Jewish Year Book 1900/1)

1906

2,500

(The Jewish Year Book 1906/7)

1945

2,000

(The Jewish Year Book 1945/6)

1965

2,500

(The Jewish Year Book 1966)

1974

500 families

(The Jewish Year Book 1975)

1976

540 families

(The Jewish Year Book 1977)

1984

1,400

(The Jewish Year Book 1985)

1990

1,120

(The Jewish Year Book 1991)

1998

650

(The Jewish Year Book 1999)

2003

670 families

(The Jewish Year Book 2004)

 

Notes & Sources
(↵ returns to text above)

  • (i) to (xix) Reserved.

  • (xx) The History of Hull's Orthodox Synagogues (2000) by Elliot Oppel ("Oppel's History"), p.32. ↵

  • (xxi) Oppel's History, pp.32/3. ↵

  • (xxii) There was a listing of Hull Boys Hebrew School until Jewish Year Books 1912. ↵

  • (xxiii) Oppel's History, p.33. ↵

  • (xxiv) Oppel's History, p.34. ↵

  • (xxv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1901/2 to 1922. ↵

  • (xxvi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1920 to 1924. ↵

  • (xxvii) to (xxix) Reserved.

  • (xxx) Oppel's History, p.43. The JRC was first listed in Jewish Year Book 1945/6. ↵

  • (xxxi) Listed, with date of establishment, in The Jewish Directory of 1874 by Asher I. Myers, p.67. ↵

  • (xxxii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1896/7 and listed until the 1945/6 edition. ↵

  • (xxxiii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1896/7 and listed until the 1904/5 edition. ↵

  • (xxxiv) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1898/9 and listed until the 1904/5 edition. ↵

  • (xxxv) and (xxxvi) Reserved.

  • (xxxvii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1896/7. ↵

  • (xxxviii) New name first listed in the Jewish Year Book 2000. ↵

  • (xxxix) Women's Auxilliary Committee was first listed in the Jewish Year Books 1933 through 1938 and reappears in the mid-1950s. ↵

  • (xl) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1904/5 and 1905/6. ↵

  • (xli) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1911, and listed until the 1924 edition. ↵

  • (xlii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1919, and listed until the 1959 edition (except for the non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (xliii) and (xliv) Reserved.

  • (xlv) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1921, and listed until the 1924 edition. ↵

  • (xlvi) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1925. Generally, it continued to be listed until the 2009 edition, except from 1985 until about 1994, the different congregations had their own Board of Shechita (and the non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (xlvii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1926, and listed until the 1959 edition (except for the non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (xlviii) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1939, and listed until the 1948 edition (except for the non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (xlix) The Chevra Kadisha of the different congregations were listed in Jewish Year Books until about 1935. ↵

  • (l) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1939 through 1947 (except for the non-publication war years 1941-1944). In the 1940 edition, a Jewish Refugee Committee was also listed. ↵

  • (li) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1966 through 1994. ↵

  • (lii) and (liii) Reserved.

  • (liv) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1898/9, and listed until the 1912 edition. ↵

  • (lv) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1898/9, and listed until the 1915 edition. ↵

  • (lvi) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1898/9, and listed until at least the 1940 edition. ↵

  • (lvii) Listed in the Jewish Year Books 1907 through 1959 (except for the non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (lviii) Listed solely in the Jewish Year Books 1916. ↵

  • (lix) and (lx) Reserved.

  • (lxi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1916 through at least 1940. ↵

  • (lxii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1933 through at least 1940. ↵

  • (lxiii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1936 through 1938. ↵

  • (lxiv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1945/6 through 1959. ↵

  • (lxv) and (lxvi) Reserved.

  • (lxvii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1898/9 and listed until the 1910 edition, although the organisation is assumed to have continued (or been re-established) long after that date. ↵

  • (lxviii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1896/7 and listed until the 1901/2 edition. ↵

  • (lxix) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1904/5 and listed until the 1924 edition. ↵

  • (lxx) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1901/2 and listed until the 1932 edition. ↵

  • (lxxi) Listed solely in the Jewish Year Book 1900. ↵

  • (lxxii) Listed, with date of establishment, in the Jewish Year Book 1901/2 and listed until the 1905/6 edition. ↵

  • (lxxiii) and (lxxiv) Reserved.

  • (lxxv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1904/5 through 1938. ↵

  • (lxxvi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1909 through 1912. ↵

  • (lxxvii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1910 through 1915. ↵

  • (lxxviii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1916 and 1917. ↵

  • (lxxix) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1917 through 1919. ↵

  • (lxxx) Oppel's History, p.43. ↵

  • (lxxxi) Reserved.

  • (lxxxii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1930 through 1940. ↵

  • (lxxxiii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1933 through 1937. ↵

  • (lxxxiv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1933 through 1959 (except for non-publication war years 1941-1944). ↵

  • (lxxxv) Hull Hebrew Congregation Trustees' Report filed with Charities Commission, generally clause 3. ↵

  • (lxxxvi) Oppel's History, p.47. ↵

  • (lxxxvii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1935 through 1940. ↵

  • (lxxxviii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1952 through 1973. ↵

  • (lxxxix) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1955 through 1958. ↵

  • (xc) and (xci) Reserved.

  • (xcii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1956 through 1959. ↵

  • (xciii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1956 through 1959. ↵

  • (xciv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1957 through 1959. ↵

  • (xcv) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1966 through 2003. ↵

  • (xcvi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1974 through 1998. ↵

  • (xcvii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1976 through 2006. ↵

  • (xcviii) and (xcix) Reserved.

  • (c) First listed in the Jewish Year Book 1912 ans subsequently listed in editions in the 1920s, 1930s and 1950s. ↵

  • (ci) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1920 through 1931. ↵

  • (cii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1928 through 1931. ↵

  • (ciii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1928 through 1940. ↵

  • (civ) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1919 through 1934. ↵

  • (cv) Listed solely in the Jewish Year Book 1940. ↵

  • (cvi) and (cvii) Reserved.

  • (cviii) Listed initially in the Jewish Year Book 1940 as Women's Zionist Society, it subsequently appears as WIZO in the editions from 1951 through 1959. ↵

  • (cix) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1948 through 1950. ↵

  • (cx) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1950 through 1958. ↵

  • (cxi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1951 through 1959. ↵

  • (cxii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1953 through 1959. ↵

  • (cxiii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1956 through 1959. ↵

  • (cviv) and (cxv) Reserved.

  • (cxvi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1906 through 1915. ↵

  • (cxvii) Oppel's History, pp.45/6. ↵

  • (cxviii) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1940 and 1945/6 through 1915. ↵

  • (cxix) Listed in solely in the Jewish Year Book 1945/6. ↵

  • (cxx) Oppel's History, pp.44/5. ↵

  • (cxxi) Listed in Jewish Year Books 1949 through 1959. ↵


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Page created: 21 August 2005
Page significantly expanded and notes added: 16 April 2024
Page most recently amended: 18 April 2024

Research and formatting by David Shulman

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