[Page 180]

At the cemetery during the first memorial service and at the unveiling of the monument

[Page 181]

At the cemetery during the first memorial service

[Page 182]

“Little by little, the groups also began to shrink, because most of their supporters emigrated to Israel. The above-mentioned ‘parties’ ceased to exist not only because of the Sovietization of general life in Poland but also because entire committees and the members of the parties had emigrated. A hundred Jewish souls remained in Tarnów, including only a small group of Jews who were originally from Tarnów.

“The meager post-war Jewish life in Tarnów also ceased. Once a year, certainly on the anniversary of the annihilation of Tarnów Jewry, several Jews who now live in the city, will once again visit the Jewish cemetery to lay a wreath at the memorial, which stands on a mass grave, where twenty thousand dead Tarnów Jews, victims of the Hitlerite murderers, sleep in eternal rest.

“In front of the memorial, which was erected from a pillar of the ruined New Synagogue, Kaddish will be said for the deceased sisters and brothers, fathers and mothers, children, and women, relatives and friends.

“And the cry for revenge will go up to the heavens; everyone will be overwhelmed by the inscription on the base of the column that stands over the mass grave of Tarnów's martyrs:

The Bund delegation in Tarnów on the way to the cemetery on July 4, 1948 for the memorial service commemorating the 6th anniversary of the evacuation of Tarnów's Jews

[Page 183]

The column that stands in the Tarnów cemetery, over the mass grave of Tarnów's martyrs (Designed and executed by a student of the Polish Academy of Arts: David Becker, now in Israel)

[Page 184]

‘Here lie twenty-five thousand Jews, who were murdered in a horrible manner by the German murderers in the period from June 11, 1942 to September 5, 1943.’

“And the complete horror, the entire hell of Tarnów Jewry, our great national disaster and the spirit of the time in which death factories were possible, are encompassed by four words, engraved on the column:

השמש זרחה ולא בושה (“The sun shone and was not ashamed”).

“Jewish Tarnów, a settlement of twenty-five thousand people, which had lived there for 600 years, ceased to exist. The Tarnów Jewish community, a serious, cultural, economically developed community, earnest public in social, political, and national spirit, is no more.

All that was left of Jewish Tarnów was a cemetery.

The unveiling of the tombstone in Bucyzna woods in Zbylitowska Gora in 1948, over the grave of 3,000 murdered Jews

[Page 185]

The memorial service at the Tarnów cemetery in the 1948, on the 6th anniversary of the evacuation of Tarnów's Jews

[Page 186]

ש. אנסקי: דער חורבן גאליציען
מ. צאנין: איבער שטיין און שטאק, 1952
ישראל האלפרין: פנקס ועד ארבע ארצות, ירושלים תש”ה.
Jan Leniek – Tarnów za czasów Leliwitów, 1911.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – Zydzi w Tarnowie do konńca 18. wieku.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – Dzieje handlu żydowskiego na ziemiach polskich.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – Żydzi w Odrodzonej Polsce.
Dr. Zdzisław Simche – Tarnów i jego okolica.
Dr. Jakób Schall – Historia żydów w Polsce, na Litwie i ha Rusi.
Dr. Majer Bałaban – Historia żydowska.
Dr. Majer Bałaban – Dzieje żydów w Krakowie i na Kazimierzu 1304–1868.
Franciszek Szewczyk – Tarnów podczas inwazji rosyjskiej.
S. M. Dubnow – Die neueste Geschichte des juedischen Volkes.
Filip Friedman – Die galizischen Juden im Kampfe um Ihre Gleichberech- tigung 1848–1868.
Tygodnik żydowski – organ organizacji syjonistycznej w Tarnowie 1928–1939.
Nowy Dziennik, Kraków – rocznik 1919.
Pięćdziesiąt lat syjonizmu – Jubileuszowa księga pamiątkowa organizacji syjonistycznej w Tarnowie, 1934.
Almanach i leksykon żydostwa polskiego. Lwów 1938.
Juedisches Lexikon. Juedischer Verlag Berlin.
The Jewish Encyklopedia, London.

English translation of Bibliography by Jill Leibman

Jan Leniek – Tarnów in the Time of the Leliwits, 1911.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – Jews in Tarnów until the End of the 18^th Century.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – History of Jewish Trade in the Polish Lands.
Dr. Ignacy Schiper – Jews in Reborn Poland.
Dr. Zdzisław Simche – Tarnów and Its Surroundings.
Dr. Jakób Schall – History of the Jews in Poland, Lithuania, and Rus'.
Dr. Majer Bałaban – Jewish History.
Dr. Majer Bałaban – History of the Jews in Kraków and Kazimierz, 1304–1868.
Franciszek Szewczyk – Tarnów During the Russian Invasion.
S. M. Dubnow – The Newest History of the Jewish People.
Filip Friedman – Galician Jews in the Struggle for Their Equal Rights, 1848–1868.
Jewish Weekly – product of the Zionist organization in Tarnów, 1928–1939.
Nowy Dziennik (Kraków) – yearbook 1919.
Fifty Years of Zionism – Jubilee commemorative book of the Zionist organization in Tarnów, 1934.
Almanac and Lexicon of Polish Jewry. Lwów, 1938.
Jewish Lexicon. Jewish Publishing House, Berlin.
The Jewish Encyclopedia. London.

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