Translated by Shai Tzach and Eddy Portnoy
Center for Jewish History, New York, NY

Introduction	5
From Genesis to Holocaust	7
What is the Community?	8
From the Babylonian Diaspora Until the Holocaust	9
The Hungarian Communities, the Community and its Services	11
The Rabbinical Torah Study	12
The Yeshiva, Jewish Elementary School, and Conditions for Emancipation	13
The Law of Equality	14
Reform and the Jewish Congress, the Right of Orthodox vs. Neologs	15
The Mistake of the Secular and Orthodox	17
Anti-Semitism and the Jewish Defense Units	18
The National Hebrew Union	19
The Political Situation	20
The Jewish Party, the Jews in Transylvania	21
The Regional Centers of the Communities	22
Communication Among the Communities in Romania, the Legal Status of the Jewish School	24
Education, Society—Culture and Welfare Organizations, Jews in Industry	25
Secular and Rabbinical Literature	26
Judaism and Zionism, Religion and Study Books	27
Newspapers and Magazines	29
History of Jewish Settlement in Transylvania	30
Anti-Semitism and Pogroms, the State of South Transylvania Jews	33
Chasids and Rabbis in Transylvania	35
The Spread of Chasidic Culture	36
Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews	37
Rabbis and Chasids Stand During the Holocaust	38
Rabbinical Centers in Israel of Transylvanian Rabbis	39
The Yeshivas	42
Bibliography	45
The Communities
Jud. Cluj/Kolosz Megye	47
Kolozsvar/Cluj	48
[16 pages of photographs]	[unnumbered]
Mociu/Mocs	53
Sarmas/Nagysarmas	53
Sarmaselul/Kissarmas	54
Calatele/Kiskalota	54
Jud. Somes
Gherla/Szamosujvar	55
Iclean/Iklod	56
Hida/Hidalmas	56
Jud. Huedin/Hunyad Megye
Huedin/Banfayhunyad	57
Szolnok Doboka Megye
Dej/Dezs	59
Beclean/Bethlen	65
Tg. Lapusului/Magyarlapos	66
Reteag/Reteg	68
Ilanda/Ilonda	69
Marghita/Margita	70
Crasna/Kraszna	73
Orisor/Alor	74
Besztercze Naszod Megye
Nasaud/Naszod	74
Jud. Turda/Torda Megye
Turda/Torda	76
Campia Turzii/Aranyosgyeres	76
Ludus/Ludas	77
Jud. Mures/Marostorda Megye
Tg. Mures/Maros-Vasarhely	78
Naznanfalva	80
Haromszek Megye
Sf. Gheorghe/Sepsziszentgyorgy	81
Jud. Tarnava Mica/Dicso Megye
Tarnaven/Dicsoszentmarton	82
Blaj/Balazsfalva	83
Reghin/Szaszregen	84
Bozodujfalu	84
Jud. Tarnava Mare
Bistrita/Besztercze	85
Sibiu/Szeben	86
Medias/Medgyes	88
Sighisoara/Segesvar	90
Fagarasi/Fogaras	90
Jud. Huedin/Hunyad Megye
Deva	92
Brad	93
Hunedoara/Vajda Hunyad	93
Hateg/Hatszeg	94
[16 pages of photographs]	[unnumbered]
Jud. Satmar/Szatmar Megye
Satu Mare/Szatmar	97
Carei Mare/Nagy Karoly	102
Baia Mare/Nagy Banya	104
Somcuta Mare/Nagy Somkut	106
Arded/Erdod	106
Seini/Szinervarolya	107
Halmeu/Halmi	107
Turt/Turcz	108
Kisgercze	109
Jud. Maramures/Maramaros Megye	110
Sighet/Maramaros Sziget	114
Borsa	120
Viseul de Sus/Felsoviso	124
Havas Mezo	126
Csarda	126
Berbesti/Bardfalva	129
Kovlica	129
Szervis	130
Szaplonca	130
Jud. Bihor/Bihar Megye	132
Oradea Mare/Nagyvarad	132
Tiliagd/Mezotelegd	137
Jud. Silaghi/Szilagy Megye
Simleul Silvaniei/Szilagysomlyo	138
Szilagycseh	141
Tasnad	142
Valea Lui Mihai/Ermihalyfalva*	145
Secueni/Szekelyhid*	146
Beius/Belenyes*	147
Ceica/Magyarcseke*	148
Tinca/Tenke*	149
Beliu/Bel*	149
Salonta Mare/Nagyszalonta*	149
Bihar Nagybom*	151
Derescke*	151
Barodul Mare/Nagybarod*	152
Salard/Szalard*	153
Jud. Arad/Arad Megye	154
Zerind/Nagyzerend	160
Cermiu/Csermos	160
Sebis/Szaszebes	160
Buteni/Kokosbokeny	161
Curtici/Kurtos	161
Rovina Pecica/Vilaagas Pecska [Magyarpecska]	161
Pancota/Pankota	161
Gurahont/Honczto	162
Nadlac/Nagylak	162
Jud. Timis/Temes Megye
Timisoara/Temesvar	163
Buzias/Buziasfurdo	168
Ciacova/Csak	169
Jimbolia/Zsombolya	169
Deta/Detta	169
Resita/Resicabanya	170
Lipova/Lippa	170
Sanicolaul Mare/Szentmiklos	171
Orastie/Szaszvaros	172
Jud. Severin
Lugoj/Lugos	172
Faget/Facsad	174
Oravita/Oravicabanya	174
Orsova	175
Caransebes/Karansebes	176
[8 pages of photographs]	[unnumbered]
Jud. Alba
Alba Iulia/Gyula Fehervar/Karlsburg	177
Aiud/Nagyenyed	178
Uioara/Marosujvar	179
Teius/Tovis	180
Vinteul de Jos/Alvincz	180
Brasov/Brasso	181
Jud. Hunedeoare
Lupeni/Lupeny	183
Vulcani/Vulcan	183
Petrusani/Petruzseny	183
Petrula	184
*Jud. Bihor/Bihar Megye
A List of Additional Communities	185
A List of Rabbis from Transylvania Who Died Over “Kidush Hashem”	186
Jewish Resistance During the Holocaust	189
Anti-Semitism in Hungary	190
The Nazi Might Folds	193
Liberation	194
How It All Started	195
A List of Ghettos in Hungary	196
Conditions in the Transylvanian Ghettos	198
Under Szalasi Rule	200
The Beit Din in Budapest	202
The Condition of the Jews in Transylvania	204
The Attempt to Save Jews and Its Failure	205
The Stand of Observant Jews in the Ghettos	210
Preparations for and Attempts at Resistance in Hungary and Transylvania	212
The Resistance Action in the Capital	213
The Zionist Youth in Helping Save Jews	216
The Brave	219
The Pope and Saving Jews	224
Attempts to Save Jews in the Transylvanian Capital	225
Organizing Help in Southern Transylvania	226
Help Attempts in Bucharest	228
Israeli Paratroopers	229
Jewish Help from Israel	231
The Runaway Train—Dr. Kastner	235
The Tragedy of Hungarian Jews Presented in the Israeli Parliament	237
The USSR, the Demise of European Jewry, and the Allies	238
A List of Ghettos in Transylvania	241
Numbers of Destruction	243
Dates of Transportation and Yahrtzeit	244
In Israel (Messenger of Zion)	247
Hungarian and Transylvanian Jews in Israel	248
Dreaming and Fighting	253
List of Fallen IDF Soldiers from Hungary and Transylvania	261
Plans for the Archive of Dr. Marton, z”l	264
Bibliography	267
List of Authors on the Subjects of Torah and Talmud	269
List of Authors on the Subjects of Judaism and Zionism	273
List of Authors of Historical Literature, Novels and Dramas	276
List of Journalists, Newspapers and Magazines	279
Dates and Events	281
List of Subscribers	284
List of Photographs of Synagogues in Transylvania	286
List of Photographs of Community Rabbis	287
Alphabetical List of Communities	289
[Table of Contents]	292

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