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[Page 200]

Index

  Pages
A
Abelov, Zalman Schneur 41, 123, 126
Aeronson, Moshe 172
Agudat Israel 95, 106
Aharonowitz, Rabbi Itzchak Ben-Nachum Menachem 91-92, 93, 95
Akiva, Rabbi 156-157
Aliyah, post-Second World War 172
Alkalaim, Rabbi 92
Alter, Yentel Gershovitz, Holocaust recollections of 160-162
Anti-Semitism, see also Holocaust. Lithuania, early history of 27, 31, 32, 33, 74, 80, 174
Arama, Rabbi Isaac ben 92
Arman-Ptyorski, Rachel, memories of 82-83
Auerbach, Chaya 30
Auerbach, Rivkah (later Rivkah Yad-Shalom) 123
Auschwitz 153, 158
B
B'noth Zion Association 21
Babchiks, David and family 122
Babush, Chone 81
Babush Faige 30
Babush, Shlomo 81
Babush, Shoshana Berelowitz 123
Babuv, Buka 163
Balfour Declaration 62, 113, 139
Ballin, Moshe 81
Ballin, Shraga 186
Beit Midrash, opposite 34, new 41, 43-44, 60, 64, 68, 70, 83, 130, 143, 154, 156, 164, 168
Beit Midrash, old 40, 51
Ben Amara, Rabbi Isaac  
Bendet, Rabbi Baruch 91, 92, 95, 97
Bendet, Yoel 97
Berelowitz, Leah 123
Bergen Belsen concentration camp 82
Berman, Rabbi Isaac Gershon 97-98
Berman, Uri 121
Betar 53, 55
Betrak (Linde), Tzila, memories of 66-67
Biers 176-177
Bikkur Cholim Society 21, 59
Birger, Mirz 187-188
Birk, Dov and family 123
Blockh, Esther 161-163
Bloch Isaac 168
Bloch, Rachel 162
Bloch, Rochel - see Groll, Rochel  
Borstein, Rabbi Avraham Aaron 103-104
Bramson, Moshe 120
Brik, Miriam recollections of 51, 53-55
Brik, Tsvi 73-74
Broer, Sarah 177-178
Bronfman, Edgar 170
Bund, Bundists 19, 50, 54
Burstein, Rabbi Avraham Aron 94
C
Caspar, Rabbi 24
Chaim, Rabbi of Volozchin 23
Chanaya,Nachman Liopman 92
Chazan, Yehudit, memories of 77-79
Chinitz, Chana Goldberg, memories 63
Cohani, Shmaryahu and Leah 122
Communists, Communism 54, 143, 150, 160
Conscription 15-16, 41-42
Council of the Four Lands 14,35
D
Davidowitz, Rabbi Moshe Aharon 103-104

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Depression, post First World War 50-51
Dinaburg (Dinur), Professor Ben-Zion 120
Dinitz, Simcha 170
Displalced Persons Cam, Feldafing 156
Displaced Persons Camps, Germany 149
Dovar, Ida Yanke 60
Dvinsk, Latvia 98
E
Eblin Mr. bank manager 62
Einsatzkommando 2 145, 152
Einsatzkommando 3 145, 146
Einsatzgruppe-A 144, 145, 150
Einsatzgruppe-B 144
Einsatzgruppe-C 144
Einsatzgruppen-D 144
Einsatzguppen 144
Eishyshok 98
Elijah, Rabbi with wife Masha, sons Avraham and Meir 123
Emigration from Lithuania, see also Riteve, immigration to USA and South Africa, and Aliyah from 18-19
Enlightenment Movement 18, 23, 24, 45, 55
Eppel, Aaron, photographer 118
Epstein, Rabbi Mordecai 108
Epstein, Rabbi Moshe 108
Erman, Asher 75
Estonia, death camps in 148
F
Faktor, Zvi 36
Feivish, Mishka 159
Fellow Townsmen Association of Ritavas in Israel and Abroad 21
Finkel, Rabbi Natan Zvi (Grandfather from Slobodka) 98, 107-110
First World War 46-49, 110, 138
Flax dealing 78, 80
Flax industry 35
Fleisher, Leah 162
Folkists 54
Folksbank 89, 123, 126
Forced labour camps, German First World War 48
Freedman, Bertha 118
Friedman, Rachel 30, 36, 39
Friedman, Shimon 65, 81
Friedman, Shimon, memories of 64-65
Friedman, Yehuda 185-186
Fundiler, David 72
Fundiler, Rabbi Shmuel 21, 28, 106-107, 108, 109, 110, 149-150, 154, 157, 159, 160
G
Galaun, Abe 171, 179
Galaun, Mrs. H 79
Galaun, Moshe 60
Gaon of Vilna 23, 24, 83
Geffen, Lyova, wife of Rabbi AS Geffen 62
Geffen, Rabbi avraham Shimon 62, 99-100, 101
Geffen, Rabbi Daven Ben Zion 98
Geffen, Yitzchak Eliyahu 98-99
Gelman, Chana 122
Geniss, Malka 30
Gerber, Herschel 157, 160
German Orthodox Movement 95, 108
Germany, death camps in 148-149
Gillon, Zvi 81
Giroli, near Telx 83, 152, 155, 157, 164
Girshowitz, Yaakov Ber 161
Goldberg, Avraham (Alter) Izchak 36, 109 (2), 141
Goldberg. Elikum Yehuda 95
Goldberg, Shenka 30
Goldshmidt, Shlomo, Centre 46
Gordon, Rabbi Eliezer 100
Grandfather from Slobodka - see Finkel, Rabbi Natan Zvi  
Grod, Gavariel (Gabriel) Ben Za'ev 91
Groll, David 180, 181, 182
Groll, Israel 168, 180, 181, 182
Groll, Rachel see Karniel, Rachel  
Groll, Rochel 168-169, 180, 182, 183
Groll, Ura 182
Gross, Alte 30
Gross, Uri 163
Grudzenski, Rabbi Chaim Ozer 100
H
Hachsharah 74-75, 83, 122, 158
Hacohen, Rabbi Avraham 98
Halachah, see also Riteve, scholarship in 27, 101

[Page 202]

Halkin, S. memories of 88-89
Ha-Magid 96
Ha-Melitz 96, 98
Handler, David 41
Harris, Rabbi Cyril 24
Hashomer Hatzair 22, 53, 54, 74, 79, 80, 82, 122, 124(2), 125(2)
Haskalah - see Enlightenment Movement  
Hassidim 24, 28
Hatsfira 96
Hebrew School 13, 21, 32(2), 36, 37-39, (6), 41, 42, 50, 52(2), 53, 55, 58, 62, 63, 72-73, 79, 82, 111, 141(2), 156
He-Chalutz 22, 53, 54
Heidekrug - see Labour camps  
Heiman, Rabbi David (Dov) Zvi 110
Heiman, Ze'ev 81
Hieller, Rabbi Dr. Chaim 99
Herz, Rabbi Naftali 91
Herzl, Theodore 25, 79, 83, 103
Heydrich, Reinhard 143-144
Heyman, Rabbi Moshe Aharon 59
Hibbat-Zion Movement 44, 92, 113
Hildesheimer, Rabbi Dr. Azriel 96, 99
Hirsch, Rabbi Neta 108
Hirsch, Rabbi Raphael of Frankfurt am Main 108
Hirshovitz, Miss 30
Hirshovitz, Shmuel, see Shavit, Shmuel  
Hirshowitz, Feige Rachel 60, 77, 97
Hitahudat 53, 55
Holocaust, see also Riteve, Holocaust in, summary of 26, 35, 57, 90, 104, 143-149, 170
Holocaust, view of scenes today 173-174, 177, 182
Hon, Meir (Meir the Meirer) 59
Hurwitz, Rabbi Jozel 98
I
Ittes, Elka 103
Itzikowitz, Chaim 81
Itzikowitz, Rabbi Joseph 113
J
Jager, Karl 146
Japan, see Russo-Japanese War  
Jewish Agency 170
Jewish Central Historical Committee 149, 156
Jewish Community Centre Building, Riga 171, 172
Jewish National Council 31
Jewish National Fund 21-22, 62, 64, 78, 102, 120, 121
Jewish National Fund (Keren Kayemet) 113, 139
Jewish People's bank see Folksbank  
Hjews, education of 17-18, 27
Joseph, Reb Dov Ber 60
Judelis, Alexander v 21, 22, 174, 176, 180-182, 181
Judelis, Leokadija 176, 181
Jurmala, seaside resort near Riga 172, 173
K
Kahaneman, Rabbi 23
Kaidan 98, 99
Kalisher, Rabbi Zvi Hirsch 92
Kaplan, David 170, 173, 175
Kaplan, Jessie 183
Kaplan, Jill 170, 173, 174, 175
Kaplan, Menachem Mendel (Max) 168, 178
Kaplan, Mendel, recollections of return to Lithuanian shtetl 168-183
Kaplan, Rabbi Avraham Eliyahu 99
Karabelnik, Rose 168
Karmon-Kemil, Ita B, memories of 68, 70-71
Karniel, Rachel, memories of 79-80
Karon, Rabbi Chaim Zulman Ben-Eliyahu Leib 94
Katz, Leib 75
Katz, Moshe 157, 160
Kelm 77, 107
Keren Hayesod 100, 113, 120
Keren Kayemet see Jewish National Fund  
Kleizmerim (folk musicians) 60, 82
Kol Israel 106
Koppel, Leah 162
Kos, David 36, 41
Kos, Moshe 36, 37, 41
Kovno (Kaunas) 29, 31, 43, 78, 80, 98, 101, 104, 112, 115, 118, 146, 147, 174

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Kovno ghetto 147-148
Krakinovo 168, 179-180
Kruskal family 21, 51, 52
Kushlick, Janie 183
L
Labour camps in environs of Heidekrug, near Memel 150, 152, 157, 158
Landsman, Hadassah Katz, memories of 63-64, 124
Landsman, Yaron 187
Latvia, death camps in 148
Latvian Cultural Society 171-172
Law and Order Police (Ordnungspolizei) 144
League of Nations 29-31
Leib der Satnik 103
Leviatan, Ya'acov ('Yankel der Lerer') 101-102
Levinson, Frieda 36, 58
Levinson-Friedman, ethel, Holocaust recollections of 154-156
Levit-Berelowitz, Rachel 155
Levite, Alter frontispiece, 13, 21, 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39(2), 40-51
  (author) 41, 58, 62, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 82, 101-102
  (author) 111
  (author) 115
  (author) 138-140
Levite, Dvora 30
Levite, Joseph 120
Levite, Miriam (Tzvik) 30, 36, 38, 42, 58, 74, 75, 91-92
  (author) 141
Levite, Miriam (Tsvik), memories of 57, 59-60, 62
Liba the musician 60
Licht, Rabbi Abraham 92
Lietivos Taryba - see Lithuania, National Council of  
Lifshitz, Rabbi and wife 122
Lifshitz, Ya'acov 120
Linat Tzedak 27, 59, 79, 82, 89, 123, 127
Linder, Rachel 71, 124
Lipkin, Rabbi Israel of Salant (Rabbi Salanta) 24, 107
Lipowitz, Rabbi Joseph Ze've 94, 106, 108-110
Lithuania, census 1923-31, Council of 23
  early history of 12-14
  emigration from 27, 33
  map of 10-11
  National Council of (Lietuvos Taryba) 29, 50
  new government in 49-50
  yeshivot 23
Lithuanian Active Front 145
Lithuanian Cultural Society 172, 174
Loit, Rivka 159
Londe, Eliezer 75
Lubavitch Movement 24
Luykeve 157
M
Ma'ot Hittim 21
Mabush, Chayka 159
Maccabi in Riteve 115, 116-117, 118-199
Machati, Isvi Nadel 122
Marcus, Rrabbi Baruch 100-101
Marcus, Rabbi Meir Falk 100
Melamed, Loyova 36, 39
Memel 35, 40, 48, 53, 70, 71, 74, 77, 78, 80, 154
Memel, flax laboratory in 158
Meyerowitz, Sheva Katz 60
Mildorf camp, near Dachau 152, 158
Miller, Bina 30
Miller, Chana 30
Mina (nicknamed 'the Kitkah') 60
Mir, yeshiva at 104
Mitnagdim 24
Movashovitz, Abraham Shabtai 110-111
Movshovits, Chaya 155
Musar movement 97-97, 100-101, 104, 157
N
Neustadt 157-158
Nieman, River 35, 68, 107-108, 112-113
Nigowitz, Zira 30
Ninth Fort, near Kovno 148
O
Oginski family 17, 19-20, 40-41, 43, 87-88, 91-92, 103, 118, 168, 182
Oginski park 66-67, 68, 78, 80, 87
opposite 114, 150, 160, 181

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Olshwang, Moshe 163
Olshwang, Zlatta, Holocaust memories of 162-164
Orbach, Ema 60
Oshn, Rabbi Ephraim 154
P
Paktor, Izchak Zvi 36, 38, 42, 141
Pale of Settlement 15, 17-18
Pahuski, Penina 30
Pastravinska 168, 179, 180-181, 183
Pastravinska, Kaplan/Kushlick family group at 182
Peddling 57, 70-71
Peskin (student, first name unknown) 81
Peskin, Shmuel 81
Pikin, Dr 38, 62, 121
ilsudski, ozef 29
Ploksht, Nathan 72
Plungyan 53, 113, 118, 157
Pogroms 17-18, 45, 145
Poland 14, 29, 31
Poland, death camps in 148, 149
Polish-Lithuanian disjpute 30
Ponery 147, 148
Ponery, forest of 170, 173
Ponevezh 23, 105, 107
Pose sisters, Leika and Esther 71
Prisman (Zundel), Chanoch, account of father 112-114
Prisman, Eliezer 36, 62, 112-114, 119-120, 121
Prisman, Reshl 123
Prisman,Zipora 30
R
Rabinowitz, Miriam 36,38
Rabinowitz, Sarah Gitel 30
Rabinowitz, Rabbi Itzchak Yaakov (Isaac Jacob) 104, 107
Radiskansky,Felix 157, 160
Radviliskis 174, 175, 176
Raidan, province of 35
Rayin, near Telz 152, 161, 162, 164
Reichssicherheitshauptamt - RSHA 143, 147
Rifkus, Moses 14-15
Riga 170, 171, 173, 174
Riga ghetto 173
Ritavas community, title page of original book frontpiece
Riteve, alternative names of 8
  Aliyah from 53, 58, 64, 66, 71, 74-75, 76, 78, 79+, 80, 82, 84, 90, 91, 95, 100, 104, 105, 106, 111, 126
  see also photos of Hashomer Hatzair; artisans in 44, 57-58
  babies, newborn, customs pertaining to 84
  Beilis trial, effect of 45-46
  Bessarabia, donations to the hungry from, list of donors 1900 184
  books, school printing of 72-73, 111
  business statistics 22
  candle factory in 102
  Chevra Gemara group in 59-60
  Chevra Kadisha (burial society) 60, 61(2), 138
  commerce in 44, 53, 57, 71, 74, 159
  community library in 53, 62, 72
  'Di-shul' synagogue 60
  doctors from, see also Dr Pikin; 95
  Dramatic Circle in 65
  dramatic entertainment by Posel sisters 71
  dramatic performances by schoolchildren in 71
  dramatic performances by visiting groups 72
  emigration from 8, 46, 51, 55, 78,
  electricity in 43, 77, 183
  Erev Pesach incident in 1925 or 26, 131-133
  famine in 43
  Fifteenth of Shevat in 140
  film shows on Sundays in 71, 82
  fire brigade in 45, 46
  fire in 45
  forest trees in 79
  fruit in 80
  funerals in 60, 86, 103
  Hachnasat Kalah in 89
  Hannukah in 76, 140
  history of 35-55
  Holocaust in 106, 112, 119, 143-167
  Holocaust in, list of victims 165-167
  Holocaust in summary of 149-150, 152
  Holocaust, recollections of 68-70, 76, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 85, 89,113-144
  Holy Ark in synagiogyue 83, 85, 130
  houses in 43
  immigration to USA and South africa 71, 76, 100, 104, 110
  Junior Talmudic College in 156
  kindergarten in 72
  Lag Ba'Omer in 133-134
  market opposite 16, 53, 57, 67, 78, 82, 129
  Maos Chitim (Matzot fund for Pesach) 60, 89
  music in, see also kleizerim 76, 82, 83-84, 86, 103, 112, 118
  memorial to martyrs of, Holocaust Memorial, Mount Zion 145
  mikveh, modern 77, 97
  newspapers read in 76
  night classes in 30
  Ninth of Av in 134-135

[Page 205]

  Passover in 82, 129, 131
  plagues in 42-43
  population of 19-20, 26-27
  Purim in 141-142
  Purim after suicide of Oginski 168
  rabbinical court in 91
  rabbis of, early 91
  Rosh Hashanah in 135
  Sabbath in 82, 88-89, 128-129
  scholarship in 36, 43-44, 48, 54-55, 57, 59, 64, 72, 77, 83, 89, 90, 99, 106
  schools in 45, 47-48, 48-49
  schools in (German), see also Hebrew School 77, 78, 108, 120, 133, 159
  Scout Group (Tsofim) in 69(2), 73-74, 79
  Shavuot in 134
  Simchat Torah incident in 1920s 138-140
  street in picture of 89
  Succoth in 137-138
  synagogue in 54, 59, 60, 73-74, 75, 76, 78, 85
opposite 90, 103, 130, 158, 164
  weddings in 56, 58, 60-61, 83-84, 86
  Women's Society 60, 97
  yeshiva in 68, 106, 107, 108
  Yom Kippur in 136
  view of early 1930s 18
  Zionism in 44, 45, 53, 55, 62, 70, 73, 75, 78, 82, 83, 119-123, 138-140
See also Beit Midrash, Bikkur Cholim, Linat Tedek, Maccabi in Riteve, Oginski family, Oginski park  
Riteve, martyrs of, memorial to in Forest of the Sacred 151(2), 153(2)
Riteve tablet at Mount Zion, Jerusalem, Holocaust Memorial 145-148
Ritover, Rabbi Berl 97
Robinson, Dr. Jacob 34
Rosin, Rabbi Joseph 98
Rosenbaum, Shimon 31
RSHA - see Reichssicherheitshauptamt  
Rumbulas, forest at 173
Russian Emire, ownership of land in, ch. 4 note 1 193
Russian Revolution 49
Russo-Japanese War 44
S
Saks, Dr. Bendet 72, 78
Saks, Gita 30
  memories of 77-79
Saks, Gits, family of 78-79
Saks, Hillel 112
Saks (Zaks), Nachum, treasurer of synagogue 60, 78
Saks, Rabbi Joel Dov 112
Saks, Samuel 62
Saks, Shalom 81
Saks, Shmuel 41
Saks, Tamar 30
Saks-Noy, Chaya, memories of 80, 82
Salanta, Rabbi see Lipkin, Rabbi Israel  
Salzman, David 75, 155
Salzman, David, Holocaust recollections of 158-160
Salzman, Shlomop Jakov 81
Schweitzen, Rivkin and Rivka 163
Second World War - see also Holocaust and Riteve, Holocaust in 140
Security Police, Nazi (Sipo) 144
Security Service, Nazi (Sicherheitsdienst) 144
Sefer Kesher Torah, title page 93
Segal, Mendel 118
Segal, Menucha 30
Segal,Mordecai Isaac 36, 60
Segal, Rabbi Mordecai Itzchak 96
Serfdom system 16-17
Shadove 104, 177, 178, 179-180
Shapira, Esther 30
Shapira, Feige Rosa 30
Shapiro, Chanan 159
Shavit, Shmuel (formerly Hirshowitz) 122
Shavli 51, 80, 146, 152, 158
Shavli ghetto 147, 152
  ch.9 note 58, 162
Shemot (damaged books), funeral of 61(2)
Shenker, Shaul, Holocaust recollections of 156-158
Shera, Dr. Mwendel Yehuda Leib 95
Shera, Rabbi Vol Shlomo 95
Shmole, Gutman 75
Shurin (Mishuris), Rabbi Moshe 104-105
Shurin (Mishuris), Rabbi Moshe, children of 105
Shurin, Rabbi Aharon Ben Zion 105-106
  author 106-108
  author 131-133
Shurin, Rabbi Aharon Ben Zion, memories of 68
Singer, Chaya 30
Singer, Harry v. 21, 58, 115, 118-119
Singer, Leah and husband 122
Singer, Michah 122
Singer, Miss 30

[Page 206]

Slobodka yeshiva 36, 98, 99, 100, 101, 104, 110, 111, 113, 119
Smetona, Antanas 31
Smoller, Nachman 157, 160
Soloveichik, Mordecai (Max) 31, 50
Soloveichik, Rabbi Chaim Halevi 104
Sore the 'Drei Kop' 103
Soviet Union 33, 34
Stahlecker, Franz 145-146, 150
Stras, Joseph (Reb Yosheik) 36
Strass, Baruch 81
Sulvak province 119
Svekotos Potikrinti ghetto 162
T
Tagblat 96
Tamuz 114
Tavrig 16, 111
Telz 16, 35, 77, 78, 161,164, 176
Telz, forests near 173
Telz ghetto 152, 157, 164
Telz, Jews living in today 174
Telz, work camps near 164
Telz, yeshiva 21, 36,. 78,. 81(2), 82, 99, 101, 105, 110, 112, 175
Tel yeshiva students 81(2)
Timber industry 35, 77
Todres, Amula 60
Tollman, Jehiel 81
Troyv, Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Simcha 98
Tsar Alexander II 16
Tsar Alexander III 18, 43
Tsar Nicholas I 15, 42
Tsar, rebellion against 1905 44-45
Tavik, Miriam - see Levite, Miriam 75
Tverige 75, 77
Tzvi, Shmuel, wife Sara Frida and two sons 76-77
U
Udwin, Joseph 62
Udwin, Reb Feivel 60
Ukranian Cossack Rebellion 1648 14
Union of Lublin 14-15
V
Va'ad Lita 14, 22-23
Varkul, Shimon 72-73, 111, 121
Varna 92
Velves, Feiga 76
Verkul, Dvorah 122
Verkul,Rachel 123
Verkul, Shima 62
Verkul, Shimon 121, 122
Verkul, Zita 30
Vershminkai (organisation of Lithuanian traders and workers) 33
Vilna (Vilnius) 29, 30, 31, 33, 93, 146, 147, 158, 159, 170, 172, 173, 176
Vilna Gaon - see Gaon of Vilna  
Vilna ghetto 147-148
Vilna, synagogye in 169, 174
Vishtevian, camp near Telz 150, 152, 161
Volozchin yeshiva 101
W
Waffen SS 144
Wagner, General Edward 144
Warsaw 120, 152, 158
Wehrmacht 144-147
Weiner Ya'kov, memories of 83-84
Wolf, Isser Ber 120
Wolf, Izchak 81
Wolfovits, Gershke 163
World Jewish Congress 169-170
Wygodsky, Dr. Jacob 31
Y
Yad Vashem 149
Yanke, Meir ('The Hare') 103
Yarkovski, Sara (Memories of) 72-76
Yeshiva students, hospitality to 64, 77
Yeshivot 28
YIVO 149
Yizhak, Saks 185
Yizkor book, purpose of 85
Yossel, Rev, daughters of 157
Yureh, River 35, 66, 68, 80, 82
Z
Zaacks, Aharon Ben Dov 60
Zaks, Hillel 72
Zalmanovitz, Rabbi Aron 94
Zalmonovitz, Aharon Shlomo (Solomon) (Riteve Reb) 20
Zalmonowitz, Rabbi Solomon 100-101, 121
Zaltsman, Miriam 59

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Zaltsman, Rivka 123
Zaltsman, Rivka, memories of 76-77, 103, 123
Zaltsman, Shmuel Zvi 60
Zalutsky, Graf 40
Ze'irel Zion Movement 82, 119
Zelikovitz, Rabbi Getzel 20-21, 40, 86-88
  (memories of) 95-96, 122
Zelker, Moshe 118
Zilber, Rabbi Fishel 157
Zinger-Taich, Rachel 152
Zionism 18, 21-22, 25, 27, 28, 50, 54, 92, 111, 113, 115
  see also Riteve, Zionism in  
Zusman, Ber and Tovah 122
Zvik, Miriam, recollections of 'characters' 103
Zwi, Rabbi Simcha Zissel 107

 

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