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[Page 184]

Gline was the cultural center for Jews from the surrounding villages and a few small towns. The village Jews would come to Gline to visit the rebbe and submit their requests for his help for issues relating to their livelihood, problems with their children, health and arranged marriages. Jewish girls engaged to be married would have their wedding dresses made in Gline. Wealthy village Jews would bring the tailors out to their homes and make the dresses there. The local settlers would also bring out teachers for their children; they also either took their animals and fowl to be slaughtered by ritual slaughterers in Gline, or brought the slaughterer home for a day. All women's halachic questions and rabbinical court cases would be brought to the rabbi of Gline, and village Jews would also bury their dead in the Gline Jewish cemetery. Almost all village Jews would travel to Gline with their families for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur and stay with relatives and friends in order to celebrate the holydays together with the Jews of Gline.

In times of trouble, when village Jews were scared to stay in their villages because of death threats, they preferred going to Gline, since, as the saying goes: “If you have to die, it's better to die among Jews.” The Jews in Gline took them in with open arms, and everyone thereby got through the difficult times. This was how it was until the Holocaust.

Some of the villages mentioned below are closer to other towns than to Gline, but because they had more contact with Gline, we are listing them too.

Jewish families and villages near Gline:

Tshenov: Chaim Tshenover and his children. He had a mill and was a businessman.
Poltva: There were 8 families. They had an inn, mill and were in business with the local gentiles.
Kitker: 16 families, almost all of them were poor.
Bezbered: 16 families. The children of Toybe the Bezbereder leased land, and the rest of the Jews earn their living from them.
Zodvaortcha: 10 families. Some were in business, and some made their living from the train station.
Polonitsh: 5 families. They earned their living from R. Meir Polonitsher. When he lost his wealth, the Jews started doing business with the gentiles in the village.
Bogdanevka: Aharon and his son were in the horse business.
Loshek: 7 families. They lived off of their inn and business.
Tcharovnik: 10 families. They did business with the gentiles in the village.
Herminiov: 6 families. They were in the horse business.
Fernoyev: 4 families. They barely made ends meet from the inn and side businesses.
Korvitch: 6 families. All the Jews were poor, except for R. Shmuel Korovitcher (Erlich).
Bordkov: 8 families. There were two inns. They did business with village gentiles.
Perlovka: 6 families. They earned their living in the village.
Rezvoren: 5 families. One was a milkman, one had an inn, one had fields, and two were in business.
Bolutschin: 6 families. All were in business in the village.
Polechov: 7 families. In business with the village gentiles, and sold horses and milk products.
Koshets: Yankel Koshetser had many fields and lived well.
Vizshlan: 6 families. Yitzchak Wieslanner, Hirsh, Moshe Pinchas, Leibush and Godel Wieslanner had lived in the village for approximately 150 years and had a good living.
Solovia: 10 families. In the horse business, some did business in the village.
Podheitshika: 18 families. Field workers. Horse traders and road contractors (they built and fixed the roads).
Chonitshov: 40 families. Almost a small town.
Yochtorov: 10 families. 2 were tenants, 1 was in the milk business. The rest did business with anything they could find.
Sloviet: 12 families. Involved in earning a living in the village. Yehoshua Slovieter and his son Itsha were scholars.
Lodov: 12 families. Were in the orchard business, gardeners and horse traders.
Frochides: 6 families. In 1897 the land tenant's wife and 3 children and old parents were murdered. The murder traumatized the entire region. The murderer was never found.

[Page 186]

In those days, many young people went off to study in Lemberg. Most of the first students who completed the first four classes at the Baron Hirsch School were artisans, and a couple went to study in Lemberg. Later many students at the Hirsch school went to high school [gymnazia] and university. A large percentage of them were children of artisans and managers of small inns – for example, the children of Hillel Pinneles, Moshe Fogelfanger, Dr. Lindenbaum, David Zenenzieb, Shlomo Unger, Yaakov Roth, Feivel Roth, Mendel (Becker) Borrer, Notta Rosentsal, Leib Shulman, Yosef Mordechai Leinwand, Yechezkel Hecht, Zindler, Moshe Kopel and others.

Aharon Rubentsal was one of the first Gline Jews who sent his son (David) to Lemberg to study in high school. This was in 1904. David Rubentsal later became the religion teacher at the Lemberg High School, and also the administrator of the Jewish orphanage in Lemberg. He was a famous Zionist leader, and one of the distinguished leaders of the community.

In 1905, under Aharon Rubentsal's influence, Yankel Stricker (Yankel Mantsher) and Pinchas Mehlman's children were sent to Lemberg to study at the high school. Avramtse Stricker, Yankel's son, and Chaim Yoel Mehlman, son of Pinchas Mehlman, were the first Gline Jews to study medicine.

Moshele Stamm (Moshele Marsholok) was among the first Jews in Gline to send his son (Leizer) to study in high school. Leizer graduated as a medical doctor, and moved to Palestine before World War I.

At the same time, Rabbi Meir Shapira and his group of Agudath Israel didn't sit with their arms folded. They promoted extensive activity in the religious administration and religious educational institutions in town. Rabbi Shapira established an association of Torah-observant residents in Gline, and made a major effort to close down the Baron Hirsch School so that Jewish children could devote all their time to studying in the religious elementary schools. This caused disputes between the Zionists and the Agudists. Under the leadership of Ephraim Katz, Zionists R. Karkiss, Hillel Pineles, Shlomo Unger, Gershon Mehlman, Dr. Tennenbaum and the lectures and intervention of Motik Halpern (Mordechai, son of Yechezkel) were effective against Rabbi Shapira's opposition to the school. On more than one occasion there were harsh words and shouting against the rabbi and his followers.

This is how life and events were right up until the outbreak of World War I.

[Page 266]

[Page 276]

Throughout all generations, the memories of those closest to us, and our loved ones should be consecrated forever. Fathers, mothers, sisters and brothers; grandparents, uncles and aunts, friends and acquaintances, and the small children of our hometown, Gline, who were killed for the sanctification of G-d's Name at the bloody hands of the Nazi savages and Ukrainian and Polish murderers during the Second World War, 1939-1944.

The Jewish life of our hometown, Gline, was totally eradicated, like trees torn out of the ground by their roots from the spot they had grown and been nurtured for hundreds of years. Nothing at all of Jewish life remains there, in the place where it had existed for generations.

In all his mercy, may G-d remember the righteous pure Jews, the souls of the community of Gline (Gliniany). May He prepare a good portion for them, and before our very eyes avenge the spilled blood of his servants!

WE WEEP FOR THEM

Izshe Hochberg, son of Yisrael Hochberg
Two sons of Feivish Shraga
Itshe, son of Shimon Freinlich
Gedaliah, son of Shmuel Eichenhaltz
Zalman Levin
Dresher (the Teacher)

July 13, 1941

Aryeh Bocher, son of Mendel Becker
Yudel Pollack

Yair Halpern died. His wife was murdered by the Ukrainians. Their sons, Sola and Yonka, together with their children, were shot at the Gline cemetery.

On 24 Kislev, 5703 / December 2, 1942, the following were led out to Belzec to the gas chambers:
Rabbi Aryeh Leib Gottesman
Leib Englesberg, son of Itshe Chassid
Rakhmiel Wolf (Chadok)
Yitzchak Gastfreind

On 17 Sivan, 5703 / May 22, 1943, the Premyshlan ghetto was liquidated. On the same day, approximately eleven hundred Gline Jews were transported to their deaths at Belzec. Among them was the Rebbe of Gline, Rabbi Efrati and the rebbe's old wife (R. Betsalel's wife). The holiday of Lag Ba'Omer is the anniversary of the deaths of all the martyrs.

Moshe Rubinstein's wife poisoned herself. His brother Nachum, and his wife were hanged in a camp near Cracow in 5705/1944.

Leibish Mahl

Leibish Mahl was the son of Yoel Mahl and came from the village of Korovitch. He was the husband of Ethel Rubin. Leibish died to sanctify the Name of G-d at the hands of two Ukrainian murderers. The murderers took Leibish under the mountain, near the Baron Hirsch School, and beat him on the head. Then they undressed him, tied him up hand and foot with barbed wire, pulled out his gold teeth, and because they thought he was dead, they beat him mercilessly, took him to the creek nearby, and threw him in it.

Elka Angstreich

Kessler's daughter was shot in Gline, in the middle of the street.

Yosef Itska's son was killed.

Aharon Hochberg and his wife

The dentist, Billiger and his wife

Meir Wolf's wife and a small child

Henya Feiler (wife of Dr.Shmuel Feiler)

Her child and her mother

Yair Halpern's children

The dead of the Mehlman family: Gershon Mehlman, who was killed in the Belzec camp. His wife and grandchild were killed while escaping from the Premyshlan camp.

Dr. Shlomo Mehlman

His wife and child

Gentile neighbors turned them over to the German murderers. They didn't come out alive.

His sister, Beila

Bezshe Mehlman

Chaya Mehlman

Dr. Yaakov Fogelfanger,

Nachum Damm

Binyamin Beitrag

Wolf Dudelzack, a brother of Yudel Foiker, was shot in the Korivitch camp.

Miriam, his sister, was the wife of Avraham Himmer. She was transported with her sons on 4 Tevet 5703,12/4/1942, from the Premyshlan ghetto to Belzec and burned. One of her sons was sick in bed and shot right then and there. They other six sons were Leib, Moshe, Hersh, Meir, Shimon and Yudel. They all worked in the camp in Zodovoritsha. When the Nazis' aktsia took place, they all escaped. Yisrael Brotter, Sasha's husband, was among them as well. They fled to the Palanitsh Forest, and remained there for two days. The Ukrainian murderers discovered them there, and shot them. Only Leib and his wife managed to escape. This happened on 8/2/1943. On 8/14/43, 13 Av 5703, Leib was shot by the Gestapo. His wife managed to survive, but on 8/22 the Soviets arrived in Gline, and she was shot by the Ukrainians thugs.

Sasha

Yaakov Katzav's daughter, Charna

90% of the Jews in the village of Slovet were killed and burned. A son of Elimelech Schnieder was shot in a village near Gline.

[Page 291]

Engineer Shlomo Speiser and his wife	Hersh Friedel
Lieber Lifshitz	Rachel Baum
Moshe Kanner	Julia Tennenbaum (3)
Zelig Kuperwasser (4)	Yaakov Kanner
Yaakov and Michel Feiering	Frima Reinhertz
Lieb Eidelberg	Moshe Wolf (Kaminetsky)
Mendel and Mark Shlomfer	Aharon Saul
Yitzchak Diamant-Nass (3)	Aharon Gerstel and wife
Dr. Shlomo Nass and wife	Aharon Boyko, wife and child
Moshe Neiman	Isaac Herzberg
Rose Baum	Izzy Fogelfanger
Yenta Nass	Shmuel Nass
Chana Hochberg	Yehudah Hochberg
Anshel Blick's sons (6)	Dr. Dashke Lindenbaum
Arthur Gezunt and family (4)	Yaakov Kanner, Moshe Yakur son [misprint? Jacobson?]
Hobber (Stelmack's son)

Sheindel Rudder	Rachel Weitz
Sholom Moyer	David Reinhartz
Dr. Sig. Ferster and child	Sholom Kanner, wife und 2 children
Moshe Rubenstein	Dr. Bertha Mehlman
Regina Waksgieser	Miriam Miller
Hillel Aks, wife and child	Judel Steinwerzel and son
Feivel Weinman	Moshe Zohn
Chaim Moshe Weitz, wife and child	Helena (Tennenbaum) Halbmillan
Bernard Kuperberg	Mendel Kunst-Rubin
Isaac Nodelstecher	Sarah Korn and husband
Ora Schnaff	Hersh Gisser (Lodov)

Yechiel Leinwand, wife and child	Rosa Goldstein and child
Bertha Lvov and child	Sister of Moshe Zohn, Lola
Avraham Rubin	Mark Scharf

Shlomo Zweck	Ethel Rubin
Melch Nass	Chana Hesheles
Yisrael Nass	Dr. Yosef Brotter, wife and child
Zelig Angstreich	Sprinza Angstreich
Yaakov Angstreich	Engineer Speiser's daughter-in-law

Yaakov Sibbet

Sprinza Gerber

David Klinkovstein (Lipa Lehrer's son-in-law

Binyamin Meth und wife	Sheindel Dudelzack
Clara Fefferkorn	Regina Laufer
Ester Feierman

Dr. Yonah Allerhand and wife

Leon Lifshitz

Meir Feivish

Yosef Reinhartz

It should be mentioned here that the bloody result of Jews in Gline and surrounding villages at the outbreak of World War II was close to 3,000 people.

At the end of the war, following such horrible destruction, no more than 126 souls survived. This includes some Gline Jews who already lived in other cities and towns before the war.

The total of Gline Jews worldwide:

The foregoing numbers do not include the recent arrival of Gline war refugees. We think that there are 880 Gline Jews in various contries. May their numbers increase!

[Page 307]

Page	Row	Correction
12	29	R. Shmuel Leib Neschles
18	29	The Jews
31	21	Itsche Yoel
42	19	Merchants
44	1	Influence
46	26	Gline
50	21	Village Jews
68	41	Hitting
89	39	Gline
92	24	Ephraim
99	28	R. Yosele
107	33	That if
110	27	Wife
111	27	Carrying
112	41	Synagogue and Study Hall
116	9	21
117	27	21
130	13	1895
131	42	Issue
131	48	Especially
136	34	Meir
141	14	Eidele
141	17	Enlightenment
141	20	Cohen
145	20	Meir Shmuel
156	39	Crazy
161	32	Jewish
162	45	Small Synagogue
166	25	Hershke
170	40	Knitter
175	20	Long Baruch and his wife
177	9	A loaf
183	12	Tailor
183	17	Especially
187	22	Berish
191	27	From Gline
198	24	Gline Community Association
207	34	Milk Business
208	33	Dovidel Dovidelsak
208	33	Yechezkel Dayan
310	29	Even though
212	11	Flag [or pan]
215	32	Daybreak
216	37	Go over
220	11	Was
220	19	Packages
227	42	Home
233	26	But the Jew was shot
238	14	Bocher
241	17	Zlotas
263 [or 262]	11	Yaakov Feiering
268	21	Itsche Shlomo Speiser
273	31	Hannah Hochberg [Haifa, 2/22/1946]
290	11	Gline Jews who lived in other cities
37	20	Leibishel the Comedian, son of Hillel Filler. He was from the new generation, the majority sung and preached to couples at rebbe weddings.
88	32	Should be: Shaul Hescheles, Yisrael Nadler, Zische Hochberg, Leizer Volf Sibbert, Aharon Erlich, Mendel Graubard's son-in-law, Meir Baum. They were from the younger generation.

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