Zawiercie Yizkor Book-contents

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This book does not have a table of contents, nor an index.

The Yellow slip inserted in the title page reads as follows:

We beg forgiveness from all the natives of Zawiercie and its environs whom we have embarrassed by any error, skipping of a name, or any other thing which we have overlooked when putting together this book

The Organization and the Committee

{p 2} Printed by "Arzi" Tel Aviv Yafo phone 83331. {p 3} Forward

[Yiddish text page 3-4]

{p 5} In this Yizkor book to the martyrs of Zawiercie we will be united with the memory of our dear ones -- our parents, brothers, sisters, relatives, friends and acquaintances, natives of Zawiercie and the surrounding area. They were tortured, abused, brought low, tossed about by the violent hand of the wild beasts, sent to the gas chambers and death camps to be snuffed out and annihilated. We will not forget them. With a painful head and a heavy heart we will say Kaddish --

YITGADAL VEYITKADASH

{p 6} The survivors of Zawiercie who were saved from the destruction, and who came, after torture and difficulties to Germany, gathered in the city of Straubing, and dedicated on 24 Av 5706 (summer of 1946) two memorial plaques in the Straubing synagogue in memory of the martyrs of Zawiercie. A photo of one of the two plaques is presented here. {p 7} [a photo of one of the two plaques]

The list of the names on this plaque will be printed in another section of this book.

{p 9} Introduction

[Hebrew text pp 9-10, translation into Yiddish pp 10-12]

{p 13} The Beginnings of Industry in Zawiercie -- the Reasons Why. by Sh. Spivak

[Yiddish text -- pp 13-15. A street map of Zawiercie appears on page 14.]

{p 17} HOW CAN I FORGET YOU? {p 19} How Can I Forget my Native Town? By Pinchas Erlich

[Hebrew text -- pp 19-20]

{p 21} A City Bustling With Life by Nechemia Erlich

[Hebrew text -- pp 21-24. A picture of the synagogue / study hall of Zawiercie is on page 23.]

{p 25} Leaving Home by Mindzia Schwartz-Jakobovitz

[Hebrew text -- pp 25-26]

{p 27} I Yearn For You ... by Andzia Perelmuter-Spigelman (Montreal)

[Yiddish text -- page 27]

A Still Night in Zawiercie by Moshe Neuman

(Ramat Hakovesh)

[Yiddish poem -- page 28]

{p 29} IT ONCE WAS {p 31} History of the Zawiercie Area by Sh. Spivak

A general Survey

[Yiddish text -- pp 31-32]

{p 33} Ancient History of the Region

[Yiddish text -- pp 33-35]

Old Zawiercie

Old Zarki

Old Kromolow

Old Siewierz

{p 33} Modern History of the Area

[Yiddish text -- pp 36-38]

Zawiercie

Zarki

Losnice

Lazy

Kromolow

Siewierz

{p 39} Material About and Descriptions of the History of the City and the Area

[Yiddish text -- pp 39-40. Excerpts from encyclopedia article.]

{p 41} Statistics on the Jewish Population of the Zawiercie area in Modern times

[Yiddish text -- page 41. Statistics are from 1921.]

Zawiercie -- 1921 -- 29,480 people. 6,095 religious Jews, 5,431 nationalist Jews. 1946 -- 21,225 people. 8-10 dozen Jews.

Kromolow -- 1921 -- 2,497 people, 275 religious Jews, 141 nationalist Jews.

Visoce (village). 1921 -- 651 people. 17 nationalist Jews.

Visoce (area) - 1921 -- 948 people. 60 religious Jews, 34 nationalist Jews.

Zarki -- 1921 -- 4,406 people. 2,536 religious Jews, 2,380 nationalist Jews.

Zomvkowice -- 1921 -- 3,544 people. 230 religious and nationalist Jews.

Wlodowice -- 1921 -- 1,193 people. 71 religious Jews, 43 nationalist Jews.

Siewierz -- 1921 -- 2,385 people. 266 religous Jews, 212 nationalist Jews.

Blanowice -- 1921 -- 908 people. 10 Jews.

Borawe Pole -- 1921 -- 116 people. 10 religious Jews.

Gora Siewieroska -- 1921 -- 257 people. 5 religious Jews.

{p 42} First Record of Jews in the Zawiercie Region

[Yiddish text -- pp 42-46]

Czestochowa [photo page 44 -- The Ginzberg Factory] Bendin

The Railway Line

{p 49} Zawiercie in the Jewish Newspapers

[Hebrew text -- pp 49-52]

{p 53} MY ZAWIERCIE

STREETS AND LANES IN THE CITY

{p 55} The Station by Sh. Spivak

[Yiddish text -- pp 55-57]

[photo page 57 -- Nazis cursing the Jews by the train station]

{p 58} Zawiercie Streets by Israel Drezner

[Yiddish text -- pp 58-60]

[photo page 58 -- Marshalkovski St.]

[photo page 60 -- A work unit of Zawiercie Jews led by the Gestapo]

{p 61} Along the Streets and Lanes of Zawiercie by Tzvi Shapiro

[Yiddish text -- pp 61-65]

The Shul Courtyard

The House of Study

[photo page 61 of Alter Shamash and his wife] The Synagogue

The Well

[photo page 63 -- A Nazi Scolding on the Zawiercie Streets.] Fires "The Place of Pietrova"

The Club on Optetshene

{p 67} FIRST WITNESSES

Memories of Zawiercie and Its Jews by Alter Honigman, known as Alter Meir David Lelevers

[Hebrew text -- pp 69-119]

The Establishment of a Synagogue and a Study Hall (Beis Medrash) [Hebrew text -- pp 73-119] The Synagogue and the Study Hall, Two Spiritual Centers

Events of the Synagogue

[photo page 80 -- Reb Berel Shamash and his wife] The Study Hall, Those who Prayed There, It's Customs, and It's Order of Events on Sabbaths

The Study Hall on Weekdays

The Trustees Closed Down the Study Hall For Two Weeks

[photo page 91 -- Reb Meir David Honigman, known as Meir Lelever.] The Style of Education of Jewish Youth in Those Days

The Influence of the Synagogue and the Study Hall on the Youth

The Sanitation Situation in the City

Healing and Remedies

Mystical Cures and Folk Remedies

"Linat Tzedek" (a medical organization)

Charitable Deeds of Zawiercie Jews

Brotherhood and Solidarity among Zawiercie Jews

The Dedication of a Torah Scroll

Entertainment and Amusement

Shtibels (small Chassidic prayer houses) and Admorim (Chassidic masters

A Concluding Story

Players and Jesters in the City

{p 120} From the First Days by Yitzchak Yaakov Erlich

[Hebrew text -- pp 120-133]

Alef. Men of Strength

Beit. The Epidemic in Zawiercie

Gimel. In Poverty and Want

Daled. My Return to Zawiercie

He. A Controversy in the Rabbinate

[photo page 128 -- The Admor of Sochachev and the Rabbi of Kozieglowy.] Vav. How I Became Independent

Zayin. The "Comitet"

{p 133} My First Years in Zawiercie by Birech Blatt

[Yiddish text -- pp 133-134]

[photo page 134 -- The managing committee of the charitable organization]

{p 135} Personalities of Zawiercie by Y. Marovka

[Hebrew text -- page 135]

{p 136} Our City Zawiercie by Y. D. Erlichman

[Hebrew text -- pp 136-140]

{p 141} My Memories of Zawiercie by Shimon Friedman

[Hebrew text -- pp 141-143]

{p 144} As It Was At One Time By Monica Warnensko

[Yiddish text -- pp 144-148]

The City of Zawiercie -- an Industrial Center

Social and Political Development

{p 149} Zawiercie by Itzik Roitmentsh

[Yiddish text -- 149-152]

Beginning

Zawiercie Becomes a City

Before the Second World War

{p 153} Memories by Y. Zigelbaum

[Hebrew text -- pp 153-154]

{p 155} THE LANDSCAPE OF CHILDHOOD {p 157} Memories of Grandfather's Home by Shabtai Keshev (Klugman)

[Hebrew text -- pp 157-169]

Grandfather and his Character

Grandfather's Neighbors

Michel Vishek

His Children

Uncle Binyamin

Uncle Nachum

Aunt Elka

Uncle Hershel

Uncle Israel

Uncle Chaim

{p 170}

Memories from a Socially Active Home by Matilda Verdiger-Spivak

[Yiddish text-- pp 170-183]

In Moskowitz's House

The Felsteins

Societal Activity

Images of People of the City

Leibish Meir, Israel Frenk

Koppel Shimon Mintz

Sextons

[photo page 176 -- A sculpture of deers by the artist Aryeh (Lutek) Resnick] Communal Workers and Artists

Reb Shlomo Todroskes

Cantorial Activity and Father's Choir

Leibel Diament

Leibish Yoel Leber and Levartovski

{p 194} In the Good Childhood Years by Shimon Feigenblatt

[Yiddish text -- pp 184-189]

In Shwartzbaum's House

One Makes A Living

The Eves of Sabbaths and Festivals

Thursday at the Market

[photos page 187 -- We were such fine children.] Avramele's Wedding

The Synagogue and the Study Hall

{p 190} The Beginnings of Societal Activity in Jewish Zawiercie

by Dr. Yeshayahu Baumatz

[Yiddish text -- pp 190-201]

The Stream of Immigration from the Small Towns

"The Germans"

Maskilim [members of the enlightenment movement]

Maskilim and Zionists

The Democratic Spirit in the Synagogue

Socialists

Jewish Youth Leave Zawiercie

The Young David

"Zeire Zion" [Young Zion]

[photo page 200 -- The first "Hashomer Hatzair" gathering in Zawiercie.]

[photo page 201 -- One of the Zionist cultural gatherings in Zawiercie at that time.]

{p 202} Memories from Zawiercie by Yechiel Danziger

[Yiddish text -- pp 202-212]

I Was Born in Zawiercie

The Beginning of Zawiercie

The Eve of the Russian-Japanese War

Wartime 1914-1918

"Tenaim" All for a Pass (A comical-tragic event)

{p 212} Socialist Struggle in Poland by Shlomo Alexander Danziger

[Yiddish text -- pp 212-214]

{p 215} In the Years 1905-1906 by Aaron Binyamin Lugerner (New York)

[Yiddish text -- pp 215-218]

{p 219} The First Families in the City by Yeshaya Landau

[Hebrew text -- pp 219-221]

The Descendents of Rabbi Yeshaya Haberman {p 221} Shlomole's Childhood Years by David Landau

[Yiddish text -- pp 221-227]

{p 228} A Journalist Visits Zawiercie by A. Litwin

[Yiddish text -- pp 228-232]

What is Delightful Zawiercie? {p 233} A City is Built by Moshe David Keshir (Kasier)

(A Story, Half Fact and Half Fiction)

[Yiddish text -- pp 233-235]

(from the book "Tzvishen Vent", New York, 1939)

{p 236} THE ENVIRONS OF ZAWIERCIE

Memories of Kromolow by Tovia Fogel

[Yiddish text -- pp 236-240]

{p 241} Kromolow the Mother of Zawiercie by Yehuda (Leibel) Diament

[Yiddish text -- pp 241-243]

The Nazi Era {p 243} Kromolow -- A Shtetl as in Shalom Aleichem's Stories

[Yiddish text -- pp 243-244]

{p 245} The Old Town of Kromolow

[Yiddish text -- page 245]

Mrzyglod (Imzsyglid) by Shimon Geldner

[Yiddish text -- pp 246-248]

{p 249} WITH MURDER, STRANGLING, AND TORTURE

FIRE AND DESTRUCTION

{p 251} Poems of the Holocaust

Fire by Alexander Shlomo Danziger

[Yiddish poem -- page 251]

{p 252} Walking in the Face of Destruction by Sh. Spivak

[Hebrew poem page 252, Yiddish translation page 253]

{p 254} My Native City by Alexander Shlomo Danziger

[Yiddish poem -- page 254]

{p 255} Revenge by David Landau of blessed memory

[Hebrew poem -- page 255]

{ 256}

In the Shadow of Horror by Chaim

[Hebrew text -- page 256]

{p 257} In the Whirlwind of Days and Blood by Y. Greizer

[Hebrew text -- pp 257-265]

[photo page 257 -- A Nazi cursing as they were driving.]

[photo page 261 -- An aktion in Zawiercie.]

{p 266} From the Depths I Call Out to You by David Zriker

[A Yiddish letter from David Zriker to Yosef Landau, Zawiercie 1946. -- Hebrew text page 266]

{p 267} In the Path of Destruction and Killing by Israel Drezner

[Yiddish text -- pp 267-285]

[photo page 267 -- Israel Drezner by the Concentration Camp.]

27th of August 1939

28th of August

Out of the Storm and into the Fire

Back Home Again

Wartenau [seemingly the name of German occupied Zawiercie]

Markstadt and Atmaut Camps

Kitlitz Shtreben Concentration Camp

The Camp for Political Prisoners in Buchenwald

The Final Death March from Buchenwald

{p 286} The Destruction of Zawiercie by Yoel Grinkraut

[Yiddish text -- pp 286-302]

April 1942

24th August 1943

The Nazi Murderurs by "Afel" in Zawiercie

{p 303} In the Grip of Destruction by Chaim Turner

[Yiddish text -- pp 303-319]

Panic at the First Rumors

The Entry of the German Soldiers

[photo page 307 -- A Nazi "scolding" by the Zawiercie train station.]

[photo page 310 -- A terrible winter aktion by the Nazis.]

[photo page 319 -- The organization of Zawiercie natives in Israel at a memorial service for the Zawiercie martyrs. In the photo from right to left: Y. Zigelbaum, Y. Y Drezner, Y. D. Erlichman, Y. Finkel, Rabbi A. Shapiro, A. Zacks, the cantor, Sh. Feigenblatt.]

{p 320} A Day of Horror by Israel Yitzchak Grinbaum

[Yiddish text -- pp 320-324]

{p 325} From Zaolzshe to Mrzyglod and Zawiercie by Elana Freiberger-Polak

[Yiddish text -- pp 325-329]

{p 329} I Miraculously Survived the Second World War by Tzvi Shapiro

[Yiddish text -- pp 329-342]

[photo page 337 -- Jews praying at the risk of their lives.]

{p 343} The Hell In Kromolow by Bronia Landau-Brott

[Yiddish text -- pp 343-350]

Do Not Buy From Jews

The Command to Turn in Valuables and Wear Yellow Bands

In Solidarity with the Rabbi and Kromolow Jews

The Commandant

[photo page 345 -- from left to right: Y. Erdberg (the ritual slaughterer, M. Pomerantz, Sh. H. Fogel, M. Haberman, M. Rottman, Y. Diament, Sh. Brott. The sign says: Jews, the city's traitors" May 3, 1940.] The First Transport to Germany

The Store

My Father was Freed

A Hanging in the Market

I Leave my Kromolow

These are the families -- as far as I remember -- who lived in Kromolow until 1942 (alphabetical)

Rabbi Elchanan David Shadlauski; Avigdor Banker; Avraham Brott; Shlomo Brott; Mendel Brauda; Avraham Goldmintz; Zalman Goldshmidt; Yechezkel Goldshmidt; Shalom Grinstein; Shlomo Grinstein; Rabbi Chaim Danziger; Tovia Dovlin; Yankel Diament; Itzik Haberman; Esther Haberman; Leibish Haberman; Moshe Haberman; Shalom Haberman; Shimon Horgin; Moshe Molman; Natan Tiefenberg; Chaim David Telner; Israel Markovitz; Hershel Manto; Refael Manto; Avraham Simchovitch; Yankel Erdberg (the ritual slaughterer); Tovia Fogel; and their families.

Eliezer Fogel; Riva Fogel; Rivka Freidberg; Mendel Rottman; Refael Rottman; David Rozmarin; Yaakov Leibish Rottman; Litshe (Lea) Rothstein; Beila Rosinek; Mendel Schwartz; Srulke (Israel) Schwartz; Baruch Wolf Shtibel; and their families.

{p 351} I Will Never Forget by Mania Feigenblatt (Brott)

(Montreal)

[Yiddish text -- 351-353]

[photo page 353 -- Choked, Murdered, Burnt ...]

{p 354} Chapters from a Difficult Era by David Brott

[Yiddish text -- pp 354-360]

The Second Roundup in Zawiercie

A Good Dream from a Big Aliya Activist

[photo page 359 -- Zawiercie youth at work.]

[photo page 360 -- Nazis cutting beards.]

{p 361} About the Destruction of my Precious Zawiercie by Itzik Roitmentsh

[Yiddish text -- pp 361-368]

[photo page 365 -- The cemetery in Zawiercie.]

[photo page 368 -- A group of survivors of Hitler's fires at the "Zydowskie Zrezenie Religine" in Zawiercie on March 1, 1946.]

{p 369} In the Concentration Camps by Shimon Geldner

[Yiddish text -- pp 369 -375]

{p 376} Fellow Zawiercie Natives in the Ghetto and the Concentration Camps by Dr. Y. Borenstein Munich

[Yiddish text -- pp 376-382]

[photo page 380 -- The Kromolower Rabbi (1) and the Zawiercier Rabbi Shlomo Elimelech (2) as they leave the Katowice train station.

{p 383} The Final Three Days of Jewish Zawiercie by Tzvi Tshebiner

[Yiddish text -- pp 383-387]

{p 388} Nazi Decrees in Zawiercie by Chaya Senderovitch-Soika

[Yiddish text -- pp 388-392]

{p 392} The Righteous Man in Sodom by Yehuda Rozmiosh

The Rabbi of Zawiercie -- Rabbi Elimelech Rabinovitch

[Hebrew text -- pp 392-395]

[photo page 394 -- A delegation confers with a high military personality. In the picture is the Zawiercie Rabbi, Rabbi Shlomo Elimelech. To his right is the longtime communal activist Samuel Weizen.]

{p 396} The Tragic Destruction of the Zawiercie Jews by A. Stulberg

[Yiddish text -- pp 396-398]

[photo page 398 -- A trial of a war criminal.]

{p 399} THE ORGANIZATION, ALIYA, AND CULTURE {p 401} The Organization of Zawiercie Emigres by Nachum Drezner (a member of the organization)

[Hebrew text -- pp 401-404, Yiddish translation pp 404-408]

[photo page 402 -- Original activists of the organization of Zawiercie Emigres.]

[p 403 -- Those who were active in the production of the Zawiercie Yizkor book.]

[photo page 406 -- The executive of the Organization of Zawiercie Emigres and original activists.]

[photo page 408 -- Zawiercie Natives in Israel at a memorial service on the eve of the 25th of Av. In the front right is the longtime activist in the executive of the organization, Nachum Drezner.]

{p 409} Memories by Yosef Finkel

[Yiddish text -- 409-410]

{p 411} A Greeting from the Zawiercie Landsmanshaft in Montreal Canada by Y. Kravetz (Society president) and Y. Bozikovski (Society secretary)

[Yiddish text -- pp 411-412]

[photo page 411 -- members of the Zawiercie Landsmanshaft in Montreal (founded 1952) in 1957].

{p 413} The American Organization of Zawiercie Natives by Jack Feigen (Feigenblatt) President

[photo page 413 -- Yaakov Feigen]

{p 414} IN THE PATHS OF ALIYA

My Father Immigrated to Israel by Tzvi Shapiro

[Yiddish text -- pp 414-415]

{p 416} The Zawiercie Hut by Shimon Feigenblatt

[Yiddish text -- pp 416-424. Evidently about a house in Tel Aviv in which a group of young immigrants from Zawiercie set up home.]

[photo page 417 -- Yosef Finkel and his wife]

[photo page 420 -- The Zawiercier Hut. Taken in Iyar 5687 (1927) in the hut that stood on the border of Tel Aviv and Jaffa in the Aaron district on Shabzi St. on the way to Neve Shalom. In the picture is: Yechezkel Landau the son of Reb Itshe Meir Landau; Nachman Friedman the son of Reb Shimon Friedman; Shimon Feigenblatt the son of Reb Yosel Feigenblatt; Yissachar Dov Borenstein the son of Reb Motel Borenstein; Avraham Shtibel the son of Reb Berili Shtibel; Yaakov Erenfreid the son of Reb Yeshaya Mendel Erenfreid.]

[photo page 423 -- Reb Shabtai Spivak and his wife in their estate in Magdiel.]

{p 425} The Story of the Zawiercie Hut by Yissachar Borenstein

[Hebrew text -- page 425-427]

[photo page 427 -- a group of Zawiercie natives in Tel Aviv in 1930.]

{p 429} INSTITUTIONS AND PERSONALITIES {p 431} The Orthodox Community and its Institutions in Zawiercie by Yaakov Shlomo Pardes

[Hebrew text -- pp 431-442]

Personalities and Institutions [photo page 432 -- the "Beis Yaakov" school (founded by Agudat Yisrael) "Beit Hatalmud"

The "Migdal Oz" Yeshiva

Small Prayer Halls (Shtibelach)

Heads of the Yeshiva and Teachers

The Illustrious Rabbi Sh. A. Pardes and the Monthly

Torah Journal Pardes The Pious Illustrious Rabbi A. Z. Fromer (the Rabbi from Koziglowy) Controversy in the Rabbinate

The Results of the Elections

{p 443} Nationalist and Religious Institutions in Zawiercie and Institutions by Dr. (of medicine and dentistry) Y. Borenstein

[Hebrew text -- pp 443-448]

Yizkor Let us Remember

An Example of Physical Destruction

The "Torah Vadaas" School

[photo page 446 -- The "Torah Vadaas" school, teachers and students.]

"Hashomer Hadati" [A religious youth organization.] [photo page 447 -- A "Perachim" group of "Hashomer Hadati".] The Great Destruction {p 449} The "Torah Vaavoda" Movement by Tzvi Shapiro

[Yiddish text -- pp 449-450]

[photo page 449 -- A group of Mizrachi and Poel Hamizrachi activists.]

{p 451} Cheders (Orthodox elementary schools) and Teachers in Zawiercie

[Yiddish text -- pp 451-452]

{p 452} In the Paths of Torah and Knowledge by Yeshaya Landau

[Hebrew text -- pp 452-457]

Reb Shimon Kornitzer (Shimele the pharmacist) {p 458} Religious Life in our City by Rivka Froman - Zegelman

[Yiddish text -- pp 458-464]

The Froman Family -- Eminent Prayer Leaders and Well Known Communal Leaders

[photo page 458 -- The Froman family.]

"Bruria" [photo page 463 -- A "Alizot" group of "Bruria".] {p 464} Days Passed By in Zawiercie by Shraga Shpeizer (Shaar Hagolan)

[Hebrew text -- pp 464-465, including a Yiddish poem on page 465.]

{p 466} PERSONALITIES

Rabbi Menachem Mendel Landau of blessed memory (memories)

by Rabbi Yehuda Avida (Zlotnick)

[Hebrew text -- pp 466-467]

{p 468} The Admor of Kromolow and His Household by Yeshaya Landau

[Hebrew text -- pp 468-470]

[photo page 468 -- The Admor of Kromolow -- Rabbi Natan Nachum Hakohen Rabinovitch of blessed memory.]

[photo page 469 -- The family of the Admor of Kromolow. This picture includes his second wife.]

[photo page 470 -- The first wife of the Admor of Kromolow.]

{p 471} Rabbi Shmuel Aaron Halevi Pardes of blessed memory and His Pardes Journal

[Hebrew text -- pp 471-472]

{p 473} Rabbi Yeshayahu Shapiro of blessed memory by Sh. Spivak

[Hebrew text -- pp 473-476. Photo of him page 473.]

{p 477} The Illustrious Rabbi Aryeh Frumer (the Rabbi of Koziglowy) may his blood be avenged by Falik Zegelman

[Hebrew text -- pp 477-478]

{p 478}

Memories of my Youth by Yizi Rosenberg

[Yiddish text -- pp 478-479]

From "Pirche Agudat Yisrael" to the "Future"

[Yiddish text -- pp 480-481]

{p 481} Rabbi Yoel Zwigel by Yeshaya Landau

[Hebrew text -- pp 481-482]

{p 483} EDUCATION AND CULTURE

The First Jewish Kindergarten in Zawiercie by Shoshana Steinberg the son of Natan Magdiel

[Hebrew text -- pp 483-484]

[photo page 484 -- The committee for the kindergarten and the kindergarten teacher Shoshana.]

{p 485} The "Tarbut" School by Chaya Efron Rothstein (the founder of the Tarbut School in Zawiercie)

[Hebrew text -- pp 485-486]

{p 487} My Parents -- A Pair of Teachers in Zawiercie by Chedva Gil (Leizerovitch)

[Hebrew text -- pp 487-489]

[photo page 487 -- The public school, its teachers and students. In the center (holding the baby) is the principal Leizerovitch.]

{p 490} Koppel Mintz of blessed memory by Meir Isserovski (Magdiel)

[Hebrew text -- page 490]

{p 491} Reb Mordechai Zeev Shechter by B. Sh.

[Hebrew text -- page 491. Including a photo of him.]

{p 492} Teachers in Zawiercie by Moshe (Mietek) Neuman

[Hebrew text -- pp 492-493]

Reb Lazer Melamed

The Teacher Rosenberg

[photo page 493 -- A group of students with the teacher Rosenberg.] Menashe Frankel {p 494} Musical Life in Zawiercie by Reuven-Romek Rothenstein, a member of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra

[Hebrew text -- pp 494-500]

Fiddlers [photo page 497 -- Leibel Diament may his blood be avenged.] Pianists

The Young "Group of Three"

Travels with the Philharmonic and my meetings with Zawiercie Natives

{p 500} My Way As an Artist by Harry Weinglik

[Yiddish text -- pp 500-502]

{p 503} Reb Reuven Zarmof by Yitzchak Yaakov Erlich (Itshe Erlich)

The Well Known Orthodox Poet at the Beginning of the Time of the Haskala

[Hebrew text -- pp 503-508 including several examples of poems.]

{p 509} The "Cultura" Organization by Esther Zacks

[Yiddish text -- pp 512]

[photo page 510 -- The heads of the "Cultura" organization in 1925.]

{p 512} The Cultural Organization "Cultura" by Nachum Drezner

[Yiddish text -- pp 512-513]

{p 513} Youth Movements (Hashomer Hatzair, Herzelia, Hashachar) by Yitzchak Shtinkeler

[Hebrew text -- pp 513-518]

[photo page 514 -- The first "Hashomer Hatzair" group.]

[photo page 516 -- A "Hashomer Hatzair" group.]

[photo page 517 -- A group of "Hashomer Hatzair" veterans.]

{p 518} "Herzelia" An Educational Youth Group by Meir Isserovski

[Hebrew text -- pp 518-520]

[photo page 519 -- A group of "Herzelia" Founders.]

[photo page 520 -- A group of "Herzelia" girls.]

{p 521} My Chapter of Memories of Zawiercie by Avraham Shlomo Grinblatt

[Hebrew text -- pp 521-523]

[photo page 521 -- Leibel Diament in his acting role as Yeshiva Bachur.]

[photo page 523 -- A statue by a Zawiercie sculptor]

{p 524} YOUTH AND SPORT

The Youth Movements in Zawiercie by M. Neuman

[Hebrew text -- pp 524-529]

"Hashomer Hatzair" [photo page 524 -- A Hashomer Hatzair group in Zawiercie.] "Hakoach" [photo page 529 -- A wind instrument band of "Hakoach".] {p 530} Chalutz and Sport Activities in Zawiercie by Yosef Leib Fisher

[Yiddish text -- pp 530-533]

[photo page 531 -- The committee of the Chalutz organization of Zawiercie.]

{p 534} Betar in Zawiercie by Davit Brott

[Hebrew text -- pp 534-537]

[photo page 534 -- A Betar rally near the synagogue.]

[photo page 536 -- A Betar expedition.]

{p 537} Youth Movements in Zawiercie by Sala Jakobovitz-Zilberstein

[Yiddish text -- pp 537-541]

[photo page 538 -- A group of Tzeiri Zion activists.]

[photo page 539 -- Chalutzim working in Zawiercie fields. In the background is the church.]

[photo page 540 -- A group of Zawiercie natives after their immigration to Israel.]

{p 542} Sport in Zawiercie by Avraham Shlomo Grinblatt

[Hebrew text -- pp 542-543]

[photo page 542 -- A "Hakoach" basketball team.]

{p 543} About the Representative from the "Hechalutz" Center by Yerachmiel Zlabinski

[Yiddish text -- page 544]

{p 545} ECONOMIC LIFE

Zawiercie Financial and Economic Institutions by Sh. S.

[Yiddish text -- pp 545-547]

The Financial Situation of the Jews of Zawiercie

Around the Area of Zawiercie

{p 548} Industry and Manufacturing in Zawiercie by Yitzchak Windman

[Hebrew text -- pp 548-549]

{p 550} CHAPTERS OF THINGS AS THEY WERE

Personal Happenings by Moshe (Mietek) Neuman

[Hebrew text -- pp 550-552]

The Zawiercie "Klezmers"

The Balfour Declaration in Zawiercie

[Yiddish text -- pp 553-555] Sabbath Eve and Sabbath in Zawiercie

Tashlich [a ceremony by the river on Rosh Hashana]

The Mikva [ritual bath]

[Hebrew text -- pp 556-559] Water Carriers [including a drawing]

Charitable Institutions

"Gemilat Chesed"

"Linat Tzedek"

{p 560} In the Quarter of the Assimilationists by St. Vitzich

[Hebrew text -- pp 560-561]

[photo page 560 -- A course for Jewish artisans in independent Poland.]

[names of assimilationists mentioned on page 561 -- Broniatovski, Levinovitch, Bernard Helman, Bagatzki, Rosen]

{p 562} In a non-Chassidic Shtibel by Aaron Binyamin (Yome) Lugerner

[Yiddish text -- pp 562-565]

[photo page 564 -- An amateur group in the city.]

{pp 566} Yaakov Hirsch Tchebiner by his grandchildren

[Yiddish text -- pp 566]

{p 567} Reb Shmuel Saika by Reb Itche Erlich

[Hebrew text -- pp 567-568]

Shalom Granek of blessed memory by Y. Rosenblum

[Hebrew text -- pp 568-570]

Avraham Dafner of blessed memory by Yosef Lipman

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