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When the Russian Empire acquired lands as part of the partitions of Poland (the last in 1795) it also acquired a number of Jewish subjects. The Tsar's government required the Jews to remain within those territories unless they received special permission (on an individual basis) to move elsewhere. These collected regions were known as the 'Pale of Settlement.'
In the sixteenth century the combined Kingdom of Poland / Grand Duchy of Lithuania stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. Territory was lost in various upheavals. Poland disappeared during the nineteenth century.
This material was collected from various sources and crossreferenced by Max Plager. Please communicate any corrections or additions to him at mplager@acm.org
Government in the Pale of Settlement Gubernia Cities 1569 1667 1795 1918 1940 1985 Kovno Kaunas Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Lithuania Soviet Union Lithuania Vitebsk Vitebsk Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Russia Soviet Union Belarus Suwalki Suwalki Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Vilna Vilna Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Lithuania Plock Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Lomza Bialystok Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Kalisz Lodz Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Warsaw Warsaw Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Syedlitz Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Grodno Grodno Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Belarus Brest Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Belarus Minsk Minsk Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Belarus Pinsk Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Belarus Mogilev Mogilev Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Russia Soviet Union Belarus Piotrkow Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Kielce Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Radom Radom Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Lublin Lublin Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Poland Volhynia Zhitomir Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Poland Soviet Union Ukraine Kiev Kiev Pol-Lith Russia Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Besdyshev Pol-Lith Russia Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Chernigov Pol-Lith Russia Russia Russia Soviet Union Ukraine Poltava Pol-Lith Russia Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Podolia Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Bessarabia Khotin Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Ottoman Ukraine Rumania? Ukraine Kishinev Pol-Lith Ottoman Ottoman Ukraine Rumania? Moldava Kherson Odessa Pol-Lith Pol-Lith Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Ikaterinoslav Pol-Lith Russia Russia Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Taurida Sebastopol Pol-Lith Ottoman Ottoman Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine Yalta Pol-Lith Ottoman Ottoman Ukraine Soviet Union Ukraine
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Last Updated on 3/24/2000
By Max Plager