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Geographical Regions for the JewishGen Latvia Database

· Russian Empire (until 1918):
· Courland Gubernia
· Livland Gubernia
· Vitebsk Gubernia
· Estland Gubernia
· Inter-War Latvia (1918-1939)

Gubernias and Uyezds:
Prior to WWI (1917), the area that is now Latvia was in the Russian Empire, and was part of three gubernias (provinces): Courland, Livland, and Vitebsk. Each gubernia was in turn divided into several uyezds (districts). These uyezd divisions are as follows:

Courland Gubernia:

The area of Courland Gubernia is now the southern and western portion of modern Latvia. The capital was Mitava (Митава [Rus], Mitau [Ger], מיטאַו Mitav [Yid]), which today is called Jelgava). The ten uyezds of Courland Gubernia were:

Russian Latvian German Other Names Notes, Jewish Communities

Bausk
Бауска Bauska Bauske Bauskė [Lith], Bowsk [Pol],
בויסק Boisk [Yid] Communities: Skaistkalne (Schoenberg, Shimberg).

Doblen
Добленъ Dobele Doblen Duobelė [Lith], Doblena [Pol], דובלין Doblin [Yid]

Fridrikhshtat
Фридрихштадтъ Jaunjelgava Friedrichstadt Frydrychsztat [Pol],
פרידריכשטאַט [Yid] Communities: Jēkabpils (Jakobstadt, Iakobshtadt).

Gazenpot
Газенпотъ Aizpute Hasenpoth Aizputė [Lith], Hazenpot [Pol],
האַזנפאַט Haznpot [Yid] Communities: Vaiņode (Vainoden).

Gol'dingen
Гольдингенъ Kuldīga Goldingen Kuldyga [Lith], Goldynga [Pol],
גאַלדינגען Goldingen [Yid] Communities: Saldus (Frauenburg).

Grobin
Гробинъ Grobiņa Grobin Gruobinia [Lith], Grobin [Pol], גרובין Grobin [Yid] Communities: Liepāja (Libau, Libava), Palanga [now in Lithuania] (Polangen), Priekule (Preekuln), Durbe (Durben).

Illukst
Илукстъ Ilūkste Illuxt Ilūkšta [Lith], Ilukst [Yid], Iłłukszta [Pol] Communities: Grīva, Subate (Subbath, Shuvitz), Aknīste (Aknist, Oknist), Skrudaļiena, Eglaine.

Tal'sen
Тальсенъ Talsi Talsen Talsai [Lith], Talsen [Pol],
טאלסען Talsn [Yid] Communities: Valdemārpils (Sassmacken), Sabile (Zabeln, Shaviln), Kandava (Kandau, Kandoi).

Tukkum
Туккумъ Tukums Tuckum Tukumas [Lith], Tukum [Pol],
טוקום Tukum [Yid] Communities: Auce (Autz, Oitz).

Vindava
Виндава Ventspils Windau Ventspilis [Lith], Windawa [Pol],
וינדוי Vindoi [Yid] Communities: Piltene (Pilten).

Russian	Latvian	German	Other Names	Notes, Jewish Communities
Bausk Бауска	Bauska	Bauske	Bauskė [Lith], Bowsk [Pol], בויסק Boisk [Yid]	Communities: Skaistkalne (Schoenberg, Shimberg).
Doblen Добленъ	Dobele	Doblen	Duobelė [Lith], Doblena [Pol], דובלין Doblin [Yid]
Fridrikhshtat Фридрихштадтъ	Jaunjelgava	Friedrichstadt	Frydrychsztat [Pol], פרידריכשטאַט [Yid]	Communities: Jēkabpils (Jakobstadt, Iakobshtadt).
Gazenpot Газенпотъ	Aizpute	Hasenpoth	Aizputė [Lith], Hazenpot [Pol], האַזנפאַט Haznpot [Yid]	Communities: Vaiņode (Vainoden).
Gol'dingen Гольдингенъ	Kuldīga	Goldingen	Kuldyga [Lith], Goldynga [Pol], גאַלדינגען Goldingen [Yid]	Communities: Saldus (Frauenburg).
Grobin Гробинъ	Grobiņa	Grobin	Gruobinia [Lith], Grobin [Pol], גרובין Grobin [Yid]	Communities: Liepāja (Libau, Libava), Palanga [now in Lithuania] (Polangen), Priekule (Preekuln), Durbe (Durben).
Illukst Илукстъ	Ilūkste	Illuxt	Ilūkšta [Lith], Ilukst [Yid], Iłłukszta [Pol]	Communities: Grīva, Subate (Subbath, Shuvitz), Aknīste (Aknist, Oknist), Skrudaļiena, Eglaine.
Tal'sen Тальсенъ	Talsi	Talsen	Talsai [Lith], Talsen [Pol], טאלסען Talsn [Yid]	Communities: Valdemārpils (Sassmacken), Sabile (Zabeln, Shaviln), Kandava (Kandau, Kandoi).
Tukkum Туккумъ	Tukums	Tuckum	Tukumas [Lith], Tukum [Pol], טוקום Tukum [Yid]	Communities: Auce (Autz, Oitz).
Vindava Виндава	Ventspils	Windau	Ventspilis [Lith], Windawa [Pol], וינדוי Vindoi [Yid]	Communities: Piltene (Pilten).

Livland Gubernia:

The area of Livland Gubernia is now the northeastern portion of modern Latvia, and the southern half of Estonia. Today, the four southern uyezds are in Latvia, and the four northern uyezds are in Estonia. Here are the eight uyezds of Livland Gubernia:

Russian Latvian /
Estonian German Other Names Notes, Jewish Communities

Riga
Рига Rīga
[Latv] Riga Ryga [Pol, Lith],
ריגע Rige [Yid], Riia [Est] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Pļaviņas (Stockmannshof), Sloka (Shlok), Koknese (Kokenhusen).

Venden
Венденъ Cēsis
[Latv] Wenden Cėsys [Lith], Tsesis [Rus],
Kieś [Pol], Võnnu [Est] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Madona (Madohn), Lazdona (Lasdohn), Lubāna (Lubahn).

Valk
Валка Valka
[Latv] Walk Valga [Est], Walk [Pol] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Smiltene (Smilten), Alūksne (Marienburg), Gulbene (Schwanenburg), Ape (Hoppenhof), Valga [in Estonia].

Volmar
Вольмаръ Valmiera
[Latv] Wolmar Volmari [Est], Wolmar [Pol], וואָלמאַר Volmar [Yid] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Rūjiena (Rujen), Limbaži (Lemsal).

Verro
Верро Võru
[Est] Werro Veru [Latv, Lith], Werro [Pol] Today: in Estonia.

Derpt
Дерптъ Tartu
[Est] Dorpat Yur'yev [Rus, 1893-1918], Tartto [Fin], Terbata [Latv] Today: in Estonia.

Fellin
Феллинъ Viljandi
[Est] Fellin Viljandis [Lith] Today: in Estonia.

Pernov
Перновъ Pärnu
[Est] Pernau Pernoi [Yid], Pernava [Latv], Parnawa [Pol] Today: in Estonia.

Russian	Latvian / Estonian	German	Other Names	Notes, Jewish Communities
Riga Рига	Rīga [Latv]	Riga	Ryga [Pol, Lith], ריגע Rige [Yid], Riia [Est]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Pļaviņas (Stockmannshof), Sloka (Shlok), Koknese (Kokenhusen).
Venden Венденъ	Cēsis [Latv]	Wenden	Cėsys [Lith], Tsesis [Rus], Kieś [Pol], Võnnu [Est]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Madona (Madohn), Lazdona (Lasdohn), Lubāna (Lubahn).
Valk Валка	Valka [Latv]	Walk	Valga [Est], Walk [Pol]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Smiltene (Smilten), Alūksne (Marienburg), Gulbene (Schwanenburg), Ape (Hoppenhof), Valga [in Estonia].
Volmar Вольмаръ	Valmiera [Latv]	Wolmar	Volmari [Est], Wolmar [Pol], וואָלמאַר Volmar [Yid]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Rūjiena (Rujen), Limbaži (Lemsal).
Verro Верро	Võru [Est]	Werro	Veru [Latv, Lith], Werro [Pol]	Today: in Estonia.
Derpt Дерптъ	Tartu [Est]	Dorpat	Yur'yev [Rus, 1893-1918], Tartto [Fin], Terbata [Latv]	Today: in Estonia.
Fellin Феллинъ	Viljandi [Est]	Fellin	Viljandis [Lith]	Today: in Estonia.
Pernov Перновъ	Pärnu [Est]	Pernau	Pernoi [Yid], Pernava [Latv], Parnawa [Pol]	Today: in Estonia.

Vitebsk Gubernia:

The area of Vitebsk Gubernia is today in southwestern Latvia, northeastern Belarus, and Pskov oblast of westernmost Russia.
Vitebsk gubernia was comprised of 11 districts (uyezds):
Drissa, Dvinsk, Gorodok, Lepel, Liutsin, Nevel, Polotsk, Rezhitsa, Sebezh, Velizh, and Vitebsk.
Today — Dvinsk, Liutsin and Rezhitsa uyezds (and a small part of Drissa) are in Latvia; Sebezh, Nevel and parts of Gorodok and Velizh uyezds are now in Russia; the remainder of the uyezds are in Belarus.

Russian Latvian /
Belarusian Other Names Notes, Jewish Communities

Dvinsk
Двинскъ Daugavpils
[Latv] Dünaburg [Ger], Denenburg [Yid], Daugpilis [Lith], Dźwińsk [Pol] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Krāslava (Kraslau), Krustpils (Kreuzburg), Dagda (Dageten), Preiļi (Prel), Gostiņi (Dankere, Glazmanka), Līvāni (Liwenhof), Riebiņi (Ribinishki), Višķi (Vishki).

Liutsin
Люцин Ludza
[Latv] לוצין Lutsin [Yid], Ludsen [Ger], Lucyn [Pol], Lutsi [Est] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Kārsava (Korsovka, Karsau), Zilupe (Rosenhof, Rozinovsk), Baltinava (Baltinowo), Viļaka (Marienhausen).

Rezhitsa
Режица Rēzekne
[Latv] רעזשיצע Rezhitse [Yid], Rositten [Ger], Rzeżyca [Pol], Rėzeknė [Lith], Räisaku [Est] Today: in Latvia. Communities: Varakļāni (Varklian, Warkland), Viļāni (Vilon, Velena), Silmala (Malta), Kaunata (Kovnat).

Drissa
Дрисса Vyerkhnyadzvinsk
Верхнядзвінск Verkhnedvinsk [Rus],
Dryssa [Pol] Today: mostly in Belarus, some in Latvia. Communities: Piedruja, Latvia (Fridroisk, Pridruiska).

Lepel
Лепель Lepel
Лепель Lepel [Pol] Today: in Belarus.

Polotsk
Полоцкъ Polatsk
Полацк Połock [Pol] Today: in Belarus.

Vitebsk
Витебскъ Vitsyebsk
Віцебск Witebsk [Pol], Vitebskas [Lith] Today: in Belarus.

Gorodok
Городокъ Haradok
Гарадок Horodek [Pol] Today: mostly in Belarus, parts in Russia.

Velizh
Велиж Wieliż [Pol] Today: mostly in Russia, some in Belarus.

Sebezh
Себежъ Siebież [Pol] Today: in Russia.

Nevel
Невелъ Newel [Pol] Today: in Russia.

Russian	Latvian / Belarusian	Other Names	Notes, Jewish Communities
Dvinsk Двинскъ	Daugavpils [Latv]	Dünaburg [Ger], Denenburg [Yid], Daugpilis [Lith], Dźwińsk [Pol]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Krāslava (Kraslau), Krustpils (Kreuzburg), Dagda (Dageten), Preiļi (Prel), Gostiņi (Dankere, Glazmanka), Līvāni (Liwenhof), Riebiņi (Ribinishki), Višķi (Vishki).
Liutsin Люцин	Ludza [Latv]	לוצין Lutsin [Yid], Ludsen [Ger], Lucyn [Pol], Lutsi [Est]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Kārsava (Korsovka, Karsau), Zilupe (Rosenhof, Rozinovsk), Baltinava (Baltinowo), Viļaka (Marienhausen).
Rezhitsa Режица	Rēzekne [Latv]	רעזשיצע Rezhitse [Yid], Rositten [Ger], Rzeżyca [Pol], Rėzeknė [Lith], Räisaku [Est]	Today: in Latvia. Communities: Varakļāni (Varklian, Warkland), Viļāni (Vilon, Velena), Silmala (Malta), Kaunata (Kovnat).
Drissa Дрисса	Vyerkhnyadzvinsk Верхнядзвінск	Verkhnedvinsk [Rus], Dryssa [Pol]	Today: mostly in Belarus, some in Latvia. Communities: Piedruja, Latvia (Fridroisk, Pridruiska).
Lepel Лепель	Lepel Лепель	Lepel [Pol]	Today: in Belarus.
Polotsk Полоцкъ	Polatsk Полацк	Połock [Pol]	Today: in Belarus.
Vitebsk Витебскъ	Vitsyebsk Віцебск	Witebsk [Pol], Vitebskas [Lith]	Today: in Belarus.
Gorodok Городокъ	Haradok Гарадок	Horodek [Pol]	Today: mostly in Belarus, parts in Russia.
Velizh Велиж		Wieliż [Pol]	Today: mostly in Russia, some in Belarus.
Sebezh Себежъ		Siebież [Pol]	Today: in Russia.
Nevel Невелъ		Newel [Pol]	Today: in Russia.

Estland Gubernia:

The area of Estland Gubernia is now the northern half of of modern Estonia. The capital is: Revel' [Ревель] (now Tallinn, Estonia). There were a total of only 1,468 Jews in Estonia gubernia in 1897. The four uyezds of Estland Gubernia are:

Russian Estonian German Other Names District (uyezd Name)

Revel
Ревель Tallinn Reval Rewel [Pol], Tallina [Latv], Talinas [Lith]. Garrien [Rus], Harrien [Ger], Harjumaa [Est], Harrya [Pol].

Gapsal
Гапсаль Haapsalu Hapsal Hāpsalu, [Latv], Haapsalu [Lith], Hapsal [Pol]. Vik [Rus], Wiek [Ger], Läänemaa [Est], Wik [Pol].

Vezenberg
Везенбергъ Rakvere Wesenberg Rakverė [Lith], Rakvere [Latv]. Viriland [Rus], Wierland [Ger], Virumaa [Est], Wirland [Pol].

Veysenshteyn
Вейсенштейнъ Paide Weißenstein Paidė [Lith], Paide [Latv]. Erven [Rus], Jerwen [Ger], Järvamaa [Est], Jerwia [Pol].

Russian	Estonian	German	Other Names	District (uyezd Name)
Revel Ревель	Tallinn	Reval	Rewel [Pol], Tallina [Latv], Talinas [Lith].	Garrien [Rus], Harrien [Ger], Harjumaa [Est], Harrya [Pol].
Gapsal Гапсаль	Haapsalu	Hapsal	Hāpsalu, [Latv], Haapsalu [Lith], Hapsal [Pol].	Vik [Rus], Wiek [Ger], Läänemaa [Est], Wik [Pol].
Vezenberg Везенбергъ	Rakvere	Wesenberg	Rakverė [Lith], Rakvere [Latv].	Viriland [Rus], Wierland [Ger], Virumaa [Est], Wirland [Pol].
Veysenshteyn Вейсенштейнъ	Paide	Weißenstein	Paidė [Lith], Paide [Latv].	Erven [Rus], Jerwen [Ger], Järvamaa [Est], Jerwia [Pol].

Inter-war Latvia:

After World War I, Latvia became an independant country. Independant Latvia was divided into four provinces (singular: apgabals, plural: apgabali), which were each subdivided into districts (singular: apriņķis, plural: apriņķi), as follows:

Vidzeme
(former Livland gubernia)

Cēsis
Madona
Rīga
Valka
Valmiera
Latgale
(former Vitebsk gubernia)

Abrene
Daugavpils
Ludza
Rēzekne
Zemgale
(former eastern Courland)

Bauska
Ilūkste
Jēkabpils
Jelgava
Tukums
Kurzeme
(former western Courland)

Aizpute
Kuldīga
Liepāja
Talsi
Ventspils

JewishGen Database Sharing:

Because of overlapping political borders over time, some regions are shared with other JewishGen databases.

Regions shared with the JewishGen Belarus Database: Vitebsk - the four southern districts of Vitebsk gubernia: Drissa, Polotsk, Gorodok, Vitebsk. [See details: Belarus regions].