International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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GREECE

THE JEWISH COMMUNITY

Website References:
A Short History of the Jews of Greece by Nikos Stavrolakis . [October 2000]
http://www.sephardicstudies.org/entrance.html   Sephardic Genealogy Resources from the Foundation for the Advancement of Sephardic Studies and Culture
The Jewish Museum of Athens The Jewish Museum of Athens, 36 Amalias Avenue, Athens. Tel 323-1577
http://www.haruth.com/JewsGreece.html [October 2000]

Print References:

Tragger, Mathilde. Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography. Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997.
Stavroulakis, Nicholas. The Jews of Greece: An Essay. Athens: Talos Press, 1990.
Stavroulakis, Nicholas. Jewish Sites and Synagogues in Greece. Athens: Talos Press, 1992.
The Jewish Travel Guide. London: Jewish Chronicle, 1992.
Jewish Sites and Synagogues of Greece. __: Talos Press,1992. ISBN 960-7459-01-6.
Galant, Abraham. Histoire des Juifs de Rhodes, Chio, Cos etc. Istanbul: Soci Anonyme de Papeterie et d'Imprimerie (Fratelli Haim), 1935. 177,ii p. p., facsims., 23 cm. Language: French. Most of the book deals with Rhodes and the rest with smaller communities: Chio, Cos, Lemnos, Metelin, Cassos, Castellorizo, Halki, Patmos, Calymnos, Symi, Carpathos, Leros, and Nyssiros.

For indexing, see http://www.sephardicstudies.org/galante_surname.pdf. Source: Daniel Kazez dkazez@mail.wittenberg.edu [October 2000]

THE CEMETERIES

ATHENS:
     In the Jewish cemetery at Kolina is a Martyrs Memorial. In the center is a pyramid listing Jews in every Greek city killed by the Nazis. Source: ronald@qcav02.ENET.dec.com.
     http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/athensI.htm [January 2001]
      Freedman, Warren. World Guide for the Jewish Traveler. NY: E.P. Dutton Inc, 1984.
CHAKLIS: (ISLAND OF EUBEA)
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/chalkis.htm [January 2001]       "...the island of Euvoia, about 100 km. northeast of Athens. ... the Jewish community has existed there for 2,000 years without interruption. Today, the community is comprised of about ten people. Prior to the German occupation, there were 325 Jewish inhabitants. The Jewish Quarter of the walled city of Chalkis is east and south of the synagogue, which is located at #27 Kotsou Street. After 1945, most Jewish survivors moved elsewhere in the city. Most of the Jewish property adjacent to the synagogue was sold. The synagogue has existed for 1,500 years and has been destroyed and rebuilt at least six times. The synagogue is in basilica form, with six marble columns forming a nave and two aisles. The long axis is oriented east-west, with the ehal facing east. A number of the funerary inscriptions are attached to the outer walls of the synagogue. These were apparently plundered from a cemetery and used as building material for the fortification of Chalkis erected by the Venetians. When these fortifications were dismantled early in this century the inscribed stones were given to the Jewish community. ... The cemetery is on Mesapion Street with graves dating back to the Ottoman period. Source: http://www.isjm.org/jhr/nos3-4/cjagrece.htm (also see photo) [October 2000]
      In the Chaklis synagogue on Kotsou Street (rebuilt on its original foundation in 1849), the wall itself contains tombstones removed from the ancient cemetery. The ancient Jewish cemetery holds 1,200-year-old tombstones that were desecrated by vandals throughout the ages. A protective wall was built in 1897. Tombstone inscriptions in the cemetery go back more than fifteen centuries. [source?]

CHIOS:
      Jewish tombstones on the small Greek island of Chios date from 1543. [Source?]
      Galant, Abraham. Histoire des Juifs de Rhodes, Chio, Cos etc. Istanbul: Soci Anonyme de Papeterie et d'Imprimerie (Fratelli Haim), 1935.
http://www.sephardicstudies.org/chios.html: "The Jewish museum in Athens, as well as the Chios Byzantine Museum have some relics ... many of the tombstones for the former Jewish cemetery, but nothing more. Turkey gave the cemetery to the Jews of Chios in 1823, but by 1923 most of the Jews had left the island, and the cemetery was abandoned. During WWII many of the stones were removed and used as building material, however considerable number of them still remained. In 1957, the stones were presented to the Chios museum by the chief Rabbi of Athens." See website for more information and photographs. [September 2000]

CORFU: (IONIAN ISLANDS)
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/corfu.htm: 11,000 sq. m. with wall and in good condition.
Scuola Greca Synagogue: http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/corfusyn.htm [January 2001]
     An ancient synagogue and a cemetery exist on Valissariou Street. [Source?]
      UPDATE: Corfu: AFGJ along with Corfiote Jews and their descendants from around the world will be raising the funds necessary for the estimated 28,000 Euros restoration of the cemetery. There are a number of 19th century tombstones (with inscriptions in Hebrew and Italian) from the former cemetery that will form the bulk of the restoration project. Association of Friends of Greek Jewry (AFGJ) will be working actively with the Jewish Community of Corfu on this. Source: Marcia Haddad Ikonomopoulos, email: afgj@msn.com, President, AFGJ [December 2002]
      http://www.connectexpress.com/~holocaustart/jewish_cemetery.htm [January 2003]

DIDIMOTICHO:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/didimoticho.htm: ": Didimoticho has two Jewish Cemeteries which have historical tombstones. The oldest tombstone dates back to 1454 (CE). No Jews have lived in Didimoticho since the Holocaust. 4,000 sq. m. (the first cemetery) and 1,000 sq. m. (the other). The surrounding wall of both cemeteries has collapsed and the tombstones are totally abandoned." [January 2001]

DRAMA:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/drama.htm: "Drama has two Jewish cemeteries. Today, only one Jewish family lives in Drama. The Jewish Community of Drama was dissolved after the Holocaust. The largest cemetery is 934 sq. m. and the other is 840 sq. m. Both cemeteries are fenced. Part of the surrounding wall has collapsed. Corrosion has damaged many of the tombs. The cemeteries need to be cleaned up, and the tombs need conservation works. Internal paths as well as the surrounding wall have to be constructed." [January 2001]

IOANNINA:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/ioannina.htm Ioanninahe Jewish Cemetery has tombstones dating from the 13th century. 25,365 sq. m. "Some years ago, the local Jewish Community transferred an area of 6,000 sq. m. of the cemetery to the Municipality of Ioannina. the Municipality (claiming the change of the city plan) has trespassed on a large part of the cemetery, trying to expropriate the area. The Central Board of the Jewish Communities of Greece, with the cooperation of the local Jewish Community, has strongly reacted to the Municipalities actions. The case is still open. The surrounding wall of the cemetery is not high, making it an easy target for vandals. It was vandalized in 1992. ...Reconstruction of hte surrounding wall, cleaning of the area, conservation works of 1,000 tombstones. The tombstones of historical interest need to be recorded. The cemetery must be graveled as well." [January 2001]
      UPDATE: Association of Friends of Greek Jewry (AFGJ) and Kehila Kedosha Janina are supporting the restoration of the Jewish cemetery. Funds were given for the repair of the wall (heightened to prevent vandalism.) The wall has been completed along with the cement walkway. Cleanup of the cemetery continues. It is hard to estimate the final cost of the project since the present overgrowth makes it impossible to know how many tombstones are in the cemetery. Unfortunately, in Spring 2002, the cemetery was vandalized again; and the municipality is investigating whether this was an act of anti-Semitism. Source: Marcia Haddad Ikonomopoulos, email: afgj@msn.com, President: AFGJ [December 2002]

KAVALA:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/kavala.htm: 5,472 sq. m. on "...the outskirts of the city, include graves from the early 19th century. The cemetery is in relatively good condition. It was vandalized in 1998. Cleaning and conservation works are needed, as well as the reconstruction of the internal paths of the cemetery." [January 2001]

KOLINA: see Athens

KOS:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/kos.htm: 4,280 sq. m. "...cemetery on the outskirts of town to the west with tombstones dating back to the 17th century. No Jews have lived in Xanthi since the Holocaust. Part of the wall surrounding the cemetery is damaged. : The wall surrounding the cemetery needs immediate restoration. The tombstones have to be cleaned up and conserved." [January 2001]

LARISSA:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/larissa.htm: Dating from 1850, the cemetery contains tombstones from 1898. 4,200 sq. m. with a wall. Synagogue information: http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/larissasyn.htm [January 2001]

PATRAS:
      Bowman, S. A Corpus of Hebrew Epitaphs in Patras. Athens: ___ 1980. Pages 49-75. Illustrated. S2 81B1767. 31 tombstones date from 1555-1682, no index. Source: Tragger, Mathilde. Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography. Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997.
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/patras.ht: 1,100 sq. m. dating from early 20th century. "No Jews have lived in Patras since 1965, when the Jewish Community was dissolved. The cemetery is in relatively good condition. The Synagogue does not exist... Part of it is preserved in the Jewish Museum of Greece." [January 2001]

RHODES: (Dodecanese Islands)
Print References:
Galant, Abraham. Histoire des Juifs de Rhodes, Chio, Cos etc. Istanbul, Soci Anonyme de Papeterie et d'Imprimerie (Fratelli Haim), 1935. 177,ii p. p., facsims., 23 cm. Language: French. Jews -- Greece -- Rhodes (Island) -- History. Jews -- Aegean Islands (Greece and Turkey) -- History. Bibliographical footnotes.
Freedman, Warren. World Guide for the Jewish Traveler. NY: E.P. Dutton Inc, 1984.
Website references:
http://www.rhodesjewishmuseum.org/plots.htm is burial index [September 2000]
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/rhodes.htm [January 2001]
http://pw1.netcom.com/~valkana/rjm2.html
http://www.sephardicstudies.org/keridorhodeslis.html Names of those deported and killed by Nazi's from Rhodes in 1944
http://pw1.netcom.com/~valkana/rjm2.html [February 2001]

Kal Shalom, a Sephardic Synagogue survived the Nazis on the Isle of Rhodes. On the wall of the Synagogue is a memorial plaque with the names of the families lost when the Nazis deported the Jewish community to Auschwitz. Here is the entire text of the plaque: "EN MEMOIRE DES DEUX MILLE MARTYRS DE LA COMMUNAUTE JUIVE DE RHODES ET COS BRUTALEMENT ANEANTIS PAR LES MEURTRIERS NAZIS DANS LES CAMPS DE CONCENTRATION EN ALLEMAGNE 1944-1945 QUE LEUR ANE REPOSE EN PAIX." Translation: Of the two thousand martyrs of the Jewish community of Rhodes and Cos Brutally annihilated by the murderous Nazis in the Concentration Camps in Germany 1944-1945 May their soul(s) rest in peace. (Names follow here) {10108}. "A LA MEMOIRE DE MON PERE ASCHER MA MERE SAROTA, MON FRERE JACQUES ET MA SOEUR FLORE AVEC SON MARI M. LEVI TOUS DEUX DEPORTES YEDID CHARHON 1969." Translation: "To the memory of my father Ascher my mother Sarota, my brother Jacques (James, Jacob) and my sister Flore (Flora) with her husband Mr. Levi both deported Yedid Charmon 1969". Translation Source: Richard William Miller on JewishGen Digest. [1998

UPDATE: "The Jewish Traveler" by Esther Hecht, found in the August-September 2002 issue of Hadassah Magazine archived at http://www.hadassah.com/frame2.asp?section=news&page=per.html&header=per&size=50, has information about Rhodes and mentions Carmen Cohen, Community Secretary, who has genealogical archival information. She speaks English. The article notes that the Jewish cemetery is located between the Christian and Muslim cemeteries on the road to Faliraki on the southeastern edge of the city. One section lacks gravestones because "The families did not manage to have a stone prepared before they were deported." Also fact is the fact that a number of stones include "carvings of scissors, a reminder that Rhodeslis were textile dealers and tailors." Source: mbookstaff@yahoo.com [September 2002]


SALONIKA:
Alternate name: THESSALONIKI
http://www.bh.org.il/Communities/Archive/Salonika.asp has Jewish community history. "...in December 1942, the ancient cemetery, containing nearly 500,000 graves and dating back certainly to the 15th century, was expropriated and thus became a quarry for the entire town." [October 2000]
http://www.bh.org.il/Communities/Synagogue/Salonika.asp
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/thessaloniki.htm [January 2001]
http://www.sephardicstudies.org/thes.html History of the Jewish Community
http://www.sephardicstudies.org/nehama.html   An Index to the 7 Volumes of "Histoire des Israelites de Salonique" by Joseph Nehama
   The Nazis destroyed the old cemetery in 1943. Aristotelian University stands on the former cemetery site. The local cemetery at STAVROUPOLIS has a memorial to the 50,000 Greek Jews murdered at Auschwitz. See http://www.sephardicstudies.org/thes.html for a picture of the monument and its exact location. See http://www.sephardicstudies.org/thes_cem_big.jpg for a picture of the cemetery before it was destroyed.
BOOKS: Source: National and University Library, Jerusalem
     Carmoli, E. Hebrew Title... (Stone Engravings...on Tombstones and Inscriptions). Paris: __ 186?. Pages 19-40, Hebrew. 26V255. Notes: 50 inscriptions, 903-1675 (some no date), chronology, Rabbis and some rabbis wives, citation of books where the inscriptions have been found.
     Emmanuel, I. S. Gedolei Saloniki ledorotam (Generations of Thessaloniki {Jewish outstanding personalities}). Tel Aviv: __ 1936. 335,8 pages, Hebrew and French, added title page. 42A972. Notes: 493 tombstones (36 not complete +25 erased), 1550-1660, chronology, alphabetical names index.
     Emmanuel, I. S. Matsevot Saloniki (Thessaloniki tombstones). Jerusalem: ___, 1963. 2 volumes, illustrated, Hebrew. S63A3070. Notes: 1858 inscriptions, volume 1: 1502-1680 & volume 2: 1681-1939, individual birthplaces (Mediterranean Basin & Portugal), index of communities, bibliography of cited manuscripts arranged by location.
     Freedman, Warren. World Guide for the Jewish Traveler. NY: E.P. Dutton Inc, 1984.
     Molho, Michael Shelomo. Beit ha'almin shel yehudei Saloniki, (Saloniki Jewish cemetery). Saloniki-Tel Aviv: __ 1932, 28 p. (Hebrew); Notes: Period: l6l5-1828. 44 tbsts, no index.
     Molho, Michael Shelomo. Matsevot beit ha'almin shel yehudei Saloniki, (Saloniki Jewish cemetery Tombstones). Tel Aviv: __ 1974, 682p. (Hebrew) Notes: Period: 1502-1941. 164O tbsts & 465 added names list. Names index. The two books are not identical.
     Molho, M. Beveit ha almin shel yehudei saloniki (In Thessaloniki Jewish cemetery). Thessaloniki, 1932-1933. 4 parts, Hebrew. S36A858. Notes: part 1: 44 tombstones, 1515-1828, chronology; part 2:35 tombstones (some not complete), 1542-1821, chronology; part 3: 44 tombstones, 1515-1828; chronology; part 4: 38 tombstones, 1502-1830, generally Rabbis or outstanding personalities, general family names index.
     Molho, M. El cementerio judio de Salonica (The Jewish cemetery in Thessaloniki),. In: "Sefarad", t. IX, 1949. 24 pages, Spanish. S61B2135. Notes: Epitaphs history and archaeological analysis, some photographs.
     Molho, M. Matsevot beit ha almin shel yehudei saloniki (Tombstones in Thessaloniki Jewish cemetery). Tel Aviv: __, 1974. 682 pages, Hebrew. S75A2238. Notes: 1640 tombstones, 1502-1941, plus list of 465 names 1676-1861, general index of family names.

SERRES:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/serres.htm: "No Jews have lived in Serres since the Holocaust. 1,500 sq. m. : The Municipality of Serres over the years has trespassed on a great part of the cemetery area. The Central Board of Jewish Communities in Greece has taken legal actions to settle this issue. The tombs are in a bad state of preservation." [January 2001]

STAVROUPOLIS: see Saloniki

THESSALONIKI: see SALONIKA

TRIKALA:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/trikala.htm [January 2001]

VOLOS:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/volos.htm: The 1970s cemetery contains some tombstones from the old cemetery dating back to the early 19th century. 4,700 sq. m. Synagogue: http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/volossyn.htm [January 2001]

XANTHI:
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/xanthi.htm: 1,300 sq. m. cemetery is several hundred years old and "fenced but the tombs are in a bad state of preservation, since it has been neglected over the years." No current Jewish population. Synagogue was demolished. [January 2001]

ZAKYNTHOS: (IONIAN ISLANDS)
http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/zakynthos.htm ": In 1953, a sever earthquate struck the Ionian Islands and destroyed the entire Jewish presence in Zakynthos. The cemetery includes some interesting tombstones dating back to the 15th century. No Jews have lived on Zakynthos since the earthquake. ... 9,667 sq. m." Synagogue remains: http://www.isjm.org/country/greece/zakynthossyn.htm [January 2001] [January 2001]


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