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TAK; STEPNICA:
used cemetery at Boguslawie

TARLOW:     US Commission No. POCE000232
Tarlow is located in Tarnobrzeg at 51º00 21º43, 63km from Tarnobrzeg. The cemetery is located by the dirt road NW of the town. Present population is 1,000- 5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1609. 1911 Jewish population (census) was 1970. The Jewish cemetery was established before 1609, at the end of the 16th century. The last known Orthodox Jewish burial was 1942 (?). Landmark: Official Register of Monuments #356/A. The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker, no wall or gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The size of cemetery before WWII and now is 0.75 hectares. No gravestones are visible, though as recently as 1985, three fragments were visible. There are no structures or mass graves. Municipality owns site used as a recreational park. Properties adjacent are recreational, residential, and agricultural. The cemetery boundaries remain the same since 1939. Private visitors rarely visit. Vegetation was cleared but otherwise no maintenance. Security, vandalism, vegetation, and incompatible development all pose slight threats.
     Marek Florek, ul. Chopina 12/2, tel. 26 completed survey on 13/11/1991. Documentation: Karta ewidencji cimentarza; A. Penkalla, Zespot synagogalny w Tarlowie, puz kielce, 1985 (maszynopis). He visited the site on 09/11/1991.
Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 78

TARNE: see Tarnow

TARNOBRZEG: http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Tarnobrzeg/html/cemetery.htm
http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Kolbuszowa (Shtetlink) [November 2002]

TARNOBRZEG I:     US Commission No. POCE000093
Alternate Yiddish name: Dzhikow. Tarnobrzeg is located in Tarnobrzeg region at 50º35 21º41, 106km from Kielce and 14 km from Sandomierz. The cemetery is located at lot No. 1403 at the corner of Sienkiewicza and Sawickiej Streets. Present population is 49,000 with no Jews.
     The first mention of Jews in Tarnobrzeg was 1593, but the first Jewish community was established in the first half of the 17th century. In 1655, Swedish army murdered Jews. In 1712, some Jews expelled from Sandomierz settled in Tarnobrzeg. Living here was Tzaddik Eliezar (d.1860). The Jewish cemetery was established in 1930. Buried in the cemetery are Tzaddik Eliezar (d.1860), his sons and grandsons, originally buried in an old cemetery and transferred to this one after its liquidation. 1921 Jewish population (census) was 2146. The last known Progressive/Reform Jewish burial was 1940. Landmark: Register of Monuments No.314/A. The isolated urban small sandy hill (1.5 m high) has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a continuous fence with locking gate. The approximate size of before WWII was 0.50 hectares and now is 0.45 hectares. 5 gravestones, or fragments, in original location, date from 1915-20th century. The sandstone flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. No mass graves or structures. Municipality owns site used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are residential. The cemetery boundaries have reduced since 1939, due to new roads and highways. Occasionally, organized individual tours and private individuals visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II, but not since restoration in 1966: reconstruction of the ohel on the foundation of the original one. In 1988 the fence was changed, reducing the area of the cemetery. A regular caretaker currently maintains the cemetery. Vegetation and vandalism pose slight threats.
     Marek Florek, ul. Chopina 12/2, Rudnik, tel. 26 completed survey on 17/10/1991, using documentation card and E. Rzetecka Evidencia cmentara zydowskiego w Tarnobrzeg , Warszawa 1990. He visited the site on 10/10/1991.
TARNOBRZEG II:     US Commission No. POCE000094
The unlandmarked cemetery is located at ul. h. Sienkiewicza (Marketplace). The Jewish cemetery is thought to have been established in the 17th century. Buried in the cemetery were Tzaddik Eliezer (d.1860), Meir (d.1877), son of Eliezer and Jehoszua (d.1913) & Jehiel (d.1928), grandsons of Eliezer. The last known Orthodox Jewish burial was 1930. The isolated, urban flat land has no sign, wall, or gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 1.20 hectares. In 1931 the cemetery was liquidated and the area developed. Two gravestones were moved to the new cemetery at Sienkiewicza and Sawickiej Streets; otherwise, no other gravestones remain. Municipality owns site used for industrial and commercial purposes. Properties adjacent are commercial and residential. As of yet, no skeletons were found during recent sewage works.
     Marek Florek, ul. Chopina 12/2, Rudnik, tel. 26 completed survey on 17/10/1991. Documentation: documentation card; E. Rzetecka Evidencia cmentara zydowskiego w Tarnobrzeg (Warszawa, 1990). Marek Florek visited the site on 10/10/1991.
     This yellow cement-fenced and locked cemetery is covered completely with anti-Semitic slogans and cartoons. Outside of the fence is an ohel also covered with anti-Semitic graffiti. The keeper is admitted us. He is a Catholic man whose father protected the cemetery during WW2. The father and son buried the tombstone of the rabbi in their garden during the war to protect it from the Germans and local populous. The keeper wears a yarmulke and suffers greatly from the local population because of his interest in preserving the cemetery. There are many stones, mainly illegible. Other stones lie buried beneath the ground in this 2.5-acre cemetery. The name of the keeper is: Zdyrski Mieczyslaw, Tarnobrzeg 39-400, ul. Sienkiewicza 89, Poland. Source: Betty Starkman; BetteJoy@aol.com [Feb. 1998]
      http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Tarnobrzeg/ [October 2000]
     I visited the cemetery of the former Jewish community of Dzhikov in Tarnobrzeg, Poland some eight months ago. The site of the cemetery is fenced off but the graves were destroyed and no tombstones remain (as far as I could tell). About twenty years ago, survivors of the family of the Dzhikover rebbes built a building at the approximate site of their graves in which memorial stones have been placed to record their burial place. Perets Mett, London on JewishGen Digest, p.mett@open.ac.uk [30 Oct 2000]
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 78

TARNOGROD: AS 189 Located in Zamosc province at 50º21' N 22º45' E, 43 km north from Jaroslaw, and 70-km SW from Zamosc. Cemetery is at the road to Rozance, E from Market Square within the suburb of "Przedmiescie Rozanieckie". Present population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Malgorzata Radolowicz-Buzikiewicz, Florianska 37/3; 31-019 Krakow, tel. (0-12) 215748 visited site and completed survey on September 28, 1995. She interviewed: (1) the officers at the Preservation Authorities, (2) residents of housing nearby to the cemetery, and (3) Mr. Wladyslaw Dubaj, Local House of Culture. Documentation: PSOZ, Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow (State Preservation Authority, Conservation Officer for Voivodship), Zamosc --"Karta cmentarza" (cemetery record chart) #2664, filled out by D.Kawalko, 1990.
     UPDATE: I accompanied my father, Joseph Schorer, who helped restore the cemetery in the summer of 1997. Source: Sheldon Schorer, Advocate; Fax: (972-9) 7713593; Phone: (972-9) 7741648; sschorer@shani.net
     Source: They Lived Among Us: Polish Judaica , a travel brochure: Arline Sachs, sachs@nova.org extracted names of townstaht supposedly having Jewish cemeteries. These generally have names only; sometimes a description of famous people who lived there, but no page number.)
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 78-79

TARNOW:     US Commission No. POCE000026
The US Commission is not finished rechecking this file. [2000]
Leszek Hondo, ul. Skowronkow 9 m. 126, 33-100 Tarnow Poland teaches at the University of Krakow. He knows both Hebrew and Yiddish and writes down information on Jewish cemeteries (I was told that he is the best researcher of Jewish things in Tarnow). He has an index of the entire Krakow Jewish Cemetery on his computer, as well as a number of others from Galicia (e.g., Bochnia). He has unorganized information on about 80% of the between 5000 and 8000 graves in Tarnow and plans to do all that are readable (what a beautiful cemetery). He does not think he will get around to putting it on computer for another year or two, though, because he is writing a book on the Krakow Cemetery first. He translates entire inscriptions and has pictures of most of the graves. Source: Eric Adler ea73@hotmail.com [date?]
     On ul. Spitalna (between ui. Sloneczna and ul. Nowodabrowska, the cemetery dates from 1734 with about 3,000 stones remaining. Source: Miriam Weiner.
Access to the Martyr's Cemetery in Tarnow is now available thanks to the leadership of Commissioner Rabbi Chaskel Besser. He secured a $10,000 donation for the construction of a pathway leading to the cemetery. The pathway, which was completed in July 1998, was greatly needed, as the cemetery is located in a forest.      Source:     US Commission Newsletter, Aug. 21, 1998. See reference to WWI cemetery in POLAND Introduction
     http://members.home.net/isierez [October 2000]
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 66-67
     Tarnow, ulica Szpitalna, 3,000 tombstones. The oldest 1734. Tombs of Tzaddik Arie Halberstam (died 1930) and writer Mordechaj Brandstaetter (died 1928). [source?]
(Yiddish: Torne/Tarne)
       UPDATE: A friend from San Diego recently returned from Poland with around a hundred photos of ancient graves in Tarnow, Poland, some dating back hundreds of years. The little known cemetery is large (thousands of graves), little known, and escaped destruction. Very moved by the beauty of the graves and their historical importance, he wanted to do something to preserve them. He arranged to meet with local officials, who were aware of the site and had put a fence around it to prevent vandalism. However, moneys are very limited in this poor region. My friend then spoke with Jewish contacts in San Diego, trying to organize funds for a cooperative effort, but got little response. I suggested to him that, to raise money, he needed to find an existing organization devoted to historic preservation with a recognized name and tax-exempt status. I called Hebrew Union College here in Cincinnati and was directed to the International Jewish Cemetery Project web site where I found your name. Source: Judy Heiny at judith.heiny@uc.edu or 513 558-3115 (days.) NOTE FROM THE PROJECT: Anyone interested in working on this project, please contact Judy Heiny directly, not this website. [November 2002]
     UPDATE: http://www.polishjews.org/cemet/tarnow.htm has photo. http://www.polishjews.org/photos/tarnow.htm has synagogue photo. [August 2005]


TARNOWKA WIESIOTOWSKA: used Dabie
TARNOWSKIE GORY:     US Commission No. POCE000544
In Katowickie. The US Commission is not finished rechecking this file. [2000]

TCZEW (I):     US Commission No. POCE000006
Alternate German name: Dirschau. Tczew is located in Gdansk at 54º50 18º47, 33km from Gdansk and 18 km from Starogardu Gdanskiego. The cemetery is located at ul. Baldowska, teren dawnej osady Czyzykowo. Present population is 25,000-100,000 people with fewer than 10 Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was about 1786. 1931 Jewish population was 103. Effecting the Jewish Community was the ban on permanent settlement in 1309; the settling of Jews in town after 1772; building of a house of prayer in 1786; the building of a synagogue in 1835; the rabbinate until 1914; emigration between 1920 and 1933; and extermination in 1939. Rabin Jakub Caro lived here and is buried in the cemetery. The Progressive/Reform cemetery was probably established in the 19th century. Landmark: a landmark in the master plan of the city. The isolated rural flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall or gate. The approximate size of cemetery, both before WWII and now, is 0.23 hectares. Fewer than 20 gravestones, all in original positions and less than 25% broken or toppled, date from the 19th century. The granite flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns site used for agriculture. Properties adjacent are agricultural. The cemetery boundaries remain the same since 1939. Rarely, local residents stop. It was vandalized during World War II, but not in the last ten years. There has been no maintenance. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem that prevents access. Security, weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, vandalism, extant incompatible nearly development, and planned or proposed incompatible development are all serious threats (next to a heavily used road).
     Dr. Hanna Domanska, ul. Wladyslawa IV 34/3,81-742 Sopot, Tel. 51-04-22 completed survey on 24/07/1991. Documentation: cemetery card and H. Damanska's text, The Tree of Stone Tears; The Jewish Communities of the Gdansk Vovoidship; Their History and Culture (Gdansk, 1991).
TCZEW (II):     US Commission No. POCE000014
See Tczew I for town information. The Progressive/ Reform cemetery is located at ul. Baldowska, teren dawnej osady Czyzykowo. The unlandmarked cemetery was established around 1786. The isolated urban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall fence or gate. The size before WWII was.90 ha., but it was liquidated in 1974. There are no stones. It was vandalized during WWII but not in the last 10 years.
     Dr. Hanna Domanska (see above) completed survey. Documentation: the archives of Voivodship Conservator, and see also Gdansk-Chelm.
TCZEW (III):     US Commission No. POCE000015
See Tczew I for town information. The Progressive/Reform cemetery was established in the 19th or 20th century with last known burial 1918. Landmark: a landmark in the master plan of the city. The urban flat land, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall or gate. The approximate size of the cemetery before WWII was 1.30 hectares; it is now 0.30 hectares. The decrease in size results from commercial or industrial development. No gravestones are visible or structures. Municipality owns site used for recreational and industrial use. Properties adjacent are commercial or industrial. The cemetery is visited rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II, but not in the last ten years. The cemetery faces serious threats from pollution and incompatible nearby extant development (Adjacent property is the CPN filling station).
     Dr. Hanna Domanska (see above) completed survey on 30/07/1991 using the card of the cemetery and H. Damanska's text, The Tree of Stone Tears; The Jewish Communities of the Gdansk Vovoidship; Their History and Culture (Gdansk, 1991)

TEMPELBURG: (German) See Czaplinek
THORN: (German) see Torun
TIKTIN: (Yiddish) see Tykocin
TIRSCHTIEGEL: (German) see Trzciel
TLUTS: used cemetery at Frysztak (II)

TOMASZOW LUBELSKI: AS 190
Located in Zamosc province at 50º27' N 23º25 E, 40-km SE from Zamosc. Cemetery location: Starozamojska St. in the suburb Jelitowo. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
The earliest Jewish community dates prior to 1595. 1921 Jewish population was 4,643. The first wood synagogue existed before creation of a town in 1595. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery was established in 1623 with last known Orthodox Jewish burial in 1943. Jews from Mircze also used this cemetery about 15 km away. The isolated rural agricultural crown of a hill has no signs or markers. Reached by crossing private property, access is open to all with no walls, fences or gates. The size of the cemetery before WWII and now is approximately 0.5 ha. 1-20 gravestones, none in original positions with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from the 19th and 20th centuries. Removed stones were incorporated into the foundation of a new structure of a local grammar school. The sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decorations have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns the cemetery property used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent property is agricultural and residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. The volunteer caretaker re-erected two found stones in 1994. Slight threats are security, vegetation, vandalism, and existing nearby incompatible development. Weather erosion is a moderate to serious threat. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem, preventing access.
     Malgorzata Radolowicz-Buzikiewicz, Florianska 37/3; 31-019 Krakow, tel. (0-12) 215748 visited site and completed survey on September 28, 1995. She interviewed: (1) the officers at the Preservation Authorities, (2) residents of housing nearby to the cemetery, and (3) another man. Documentation: PSOZ, Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow (State Preservation Authority, Conservation Officer for Voivodship), Zamosc --"Karta cmentarza" (cemetery record chart) #2114, filled out by D. Fus, 1984, with additions by D.Kawalko, 1993, 1990.
     UPDATE: This cemetery is the second oldest in Poland. During my first visit in 1987, there were about six visible illegible stones among the vegetation. I was shocked when I arrived in 1996 to find the three-acre site completely enclosed by a beautiful black fence with decorations and Jewish Stars. The entrance had been turned into a type of cement plaza with two lovely gates. It is very attractive. Outside of the entrance is a small cement building, an ohel, which houses the stones of four Tzadiks (This was a Hasidic town). Inside was evidence that people had recently prayed here (no Jewish residents remain). There were candle stubs and notes upon the graves. Dome illegible stones had been excavated and were standing. Many plain cement monuments were standing with tombstone shards implanted in them. I was told that there are thousands of graves under the ground. A New York group restored the cemetery. I phoned them upon my return to offer a contribution; however, no one ever returned call. A woman who is paid by the New York people cares for the cemetery. She lives next door. Her late father-in-law had cared for the cemetery and voluntarily protected it since the war. He was a fine old man whom I met in 1987. Upon his death, his son took over the responsibility. Now he has died, his wife cares for it and has a key. Source: Betty Provizer Starkman; BetteJoy@aol.com [Feb. 1998]
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 79

TOMASZOW MAZOWIECKI:     US Commission No. POCE000037
Alternate name: Tomaszow Rawski. Tomaszow Mazowiecki is located in Piotrkow at 51º31 20º01, 28 km. from Piotrkow, 55 km. from Lodz. The cemetery is located at 18 Stycrnia No. 41, Smutna No. 12. Present population is 25,000-100,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1820. 1921 Jewish population was 10,070, 35.6%. The Jewish community was founded in 1831. Buried in the Orthodox cemetery were Tzaddik Jacob Elijahu, son of Abraham haCohan, who died 1888. The urban flat land, separate but near cemeteries, has a sign or plaque in Polish mentioning the Holocaust. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. 500-5000 stones, most in original location, date from 1843, 1847 to 20th century. The cemetery has no special sections. The sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or sculpted monuments have Hebrew and Polish inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims and marked mass graves. Within the limits is an ohel. The property used for Jewish cemetery (closed). Properties adjacent are residential and municipal cemetery. The cemetery boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. Only maintenance was transportation of some stones from the city back to the cemetery. They are stored and not re-erected. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion, pollution and vandalism.
     Jan Pawet Woronczak, Sandomierska Str. 21m, 1; 02-567 Warszawa; tel. 49-54-62 completed this survey on 8 Sep 1991. The site was not visited.
TOMASZOW-MAZOWIECKI: {10787}
An organization of this community, with over 100 members, exists in Israel. It is headed by committee of 11 members, 5 of whom are second generation, born in Israel. They help preserve the heritage and memory of the Jewish Community of Tomaszow together with all the other communities perished in the Holocaust. They erected a very impressive memorial in the cemetery of Holon, Israel and planted a wood of 15,000 trees in the Jerusalem mountains, numbering city members who perished in Treblinka. The Gordon School in Raanana that adopted our community arranges a special annual assembly for our members, the pupils, and their parents. In 1960, our organization published the Yizkor Book of Tomaszow.
     The Jewish Cemetery Tomaszow-Mazowiecki, Benjamin Yaari:The book is beautiful and should be seen for a full appreciation of what can be found there. Very briefly, the project began after a visit in 1994 showed the terrible condition of the cemetery. Members of the Israeli Organization of Ex-Tomaszow Mazowiecki Residents in Israel decided to renovate of the cemetery. Local children were taught to be respectful of the cemetery to prevent them from using the cemetery for unsuitable activities such as football. At first, they spoke of about 250 headstones remaining in the cemetery. The aim was to decode and record details of as many of them as possible. After a month's work, they discovered more than 2,000 headstones and succeeded in recording the family names of half (prerequisite for recording), as well as other personal details. "In addition to names and dates, we were able to copy epitaphs and prayers, which were inscribed on the headstones... Our aim is to preserve the past and hand it over to the next generation, reinstating the honor of the community forefathers." The book lists the names of those found. The cemetery is laid out in the shape of the Hebrew letter "R". The main gate is located on General Gerta Robyatcky Street between houses number 39 and 43. From the southernmost point to the northernmost point, bordering the Catholic cemetery, the length of the cemetery is 21 x 64 meters. The length of the upper segment, parallel to the Catholic cemetery, is 236 meters. The width (parallel to Stoma Street) is 74 meters. According to these measurements, the total area of the cemetery is 2.64 hectares (26.4 dunams). First we marked the rows: row 1 is adjacent to the E wall, and the remaining rows were numbered until row 20, which is adjacent to the western wall. Rows beginning with the number 21 are in the upper part of the cemetery. We added three more digits to each headstone, beginning in the S and moving northward. Thus, we arrived at a 5-digit identification number for each headstone. We wrote each number on its headstone with a waterproof felt-tipped pen. This is the number that is written in the left column of our list of headstones. There are six columns on the list, as follows: 1 Family names and first names, 2. Father's name, 3, Husband's name (wife of) 4, year of death, 5 Four signs: the sign *= the prayer "God full of mercy". (We counted 28 headstones with this sign). The sign ** = epitaphs or words of praise are written. The sign # = a photo of the headstone is in our possession. The sign @ = a slide of the headstone is in our possession. 6, our number. We found a pile of headstones to the right of the main entrance that were removed from the cemetery by the Germans to be used as paving stones for truck parking lots throughout the town. After the war, the municipality returned a few headstones from the pile and tried to decipher their inscriptions. We were only partially successful. It seems that the trucks movement over the headstones erased most of the inscriptions. Those we deciphered were recorded and given the number 90 as the first two digits of the identification number. A small nearby building that was the purification room today is a chicken coop. The former Jewish gravedigger's residence exists occupied by an old, poor, sick, friendly couple. The man told us about his long-lasting friendship with the manager and gravedigger of the Jewish cemetery, whom he named Achil Eisenman. With grief, he told us that one day two uniformed Germans came to the cemetery and shot Eisenman to death, near the residence. He also told us that Eisenman is buried near the first boulevard. We took hundreds of pictures and slides in the cemetery. On the list, we marked headstones whose pictures or slides are in our possession. We are willing to provide copies of the pictures at the families' request. We would be happy to answer questions about the cemetery or the headstones. The Organization's office is at 158 Dizengoff Street, Tel. Aviv. The head of the organization, Benjamin Yaari, 6 Dror Street, Holon 58801, tel.: 03-5505432. The cemetery was badly neglected. Most of the headstones were uprooted; and some of them were upside down with the inscriptions facing the ground. Some headstones were smashed and broken, especially those of marble, which had been uprooted. Most of them were full of lichens and difficult to decipher. The cemetery's fence was broken. Local kids played football in the western part, for the most part empty of headstones. Source: Benjamin Yaari, Chairman of the Tomaszow Organization in Israel. Mr. Yaari does not have email so the data was sent by Ada Holtzman; ada01@netvision.net.il
     In August 1993, the Assocation of Jews of Tomaszow fenced the entire cemetery and erected a monument with the retrieved matsevot around it. Source: US Commission
     A Pole bought a house two years ago. In the garden, he found 13 Jewish tombstones. Investigation revealed that the Gestapo used the yard and house. They removed the stones from the cemetery to pave the yard. Benjamin Yaari, chairman of the TM organization in Israel, managed to return all the matzevot to the Jewish cemetery on 30 April 1999. The stones were placed in an impressive monument on the wall of the cemetery. The names on the tombstones have been included in the list above. [Source? 1999]
     The Jewish exhibition catelogmetery Tomaszow-Mazowiecki, 3099, book, 6/18/1997, YAARI-WALD Benjamin, title: The Israel Book Organization of Journal, review residents of Tomaszow-Mazowiecki;,, 1996, 176 p., ANG/POL/HEB. Source: contact Daniel Dratwa; d.dratwa@mjb-jmb.org . The books are among the collection at the Jewish Museum of Belgium. [03-30-2000]
      http://www.zchor.org/tomaszow/tomaszow.htm   Ada Holtzman's site memorializing Tomaszow Mazowiecki has pictures and articles about the cemetery as well as the list of tombstones. [February 2002]
     Source: They Lived Among Us: Polish Judaica , a travel brochure: Arline Sachs, sachs@nova.org extracted names of towns that supposedly have Jewish cemeteries. These generally have names only; sometimes a description of famous people who lived there, but no page number.)
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 67-68, gravestones 68
    UPDATE: http://www.zchor.org/matzevot/stones.htm [November, 2003]
    UPDATE: http://www.zchor.org/tomaszow/tomaszow.htm [November, 2003]

TOMASZOW RAWSKI: See Tomaszow Mazowiecki
TORNE: see TARNOW

TORUN: AS 191
Alternate German name: Thorn. Located in Torunskie province at 53º02' N 18º36' E, 40 km from Bydgoszcz(y), and 211 km from Warszawa(y). Cemetery location: ul. Rilaskiego. Present population is over 100,000 with 10-100 Jews.
     The earliest Jewish community dates from the end of the 18th century. 1920 Jewish population was 200. In 1939, there were 800 Jews, 1%. In 1847, the Prussian government enacted a law giving the Jews equal obligations followed by rights equal to those of the Christians. In 1847, the synagogue was built at 12 Szczytna St. Living here were (1) Mosze Kaliszer, (2) Mosze Szlomo Kaliszer, Tzaddik, who was buried in the cemetery in 1865, and (3) Gumman Meir. The Jewish cemetery was established in the 19th century with last known Jewish burial in 1937. Landmark: Register of Monuments for the Voivodship of Torun. The urban flat land, separate but near other cemeteries, has a broken masonry wall and unlocked gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The size of the cemetery before WWII and now is 1.2 ha. No gravestones are visible. Removed stones were used to build the obelisk at Nowickiego St. Less than 25% of the stones are broken. There is a pre-burial house. The municipality owns the property used for park. Adjacent property is recreational. Rarely, local residents. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II and in 1975. Within the last 10 years, local/municipal authorities cleared vegetation and fixed the wall. There is a slight threat of weather erosion.
     mgr. Maszeno Stocko, 87-100 Torun, ul. Lyskowskeigo 37E m. 185, tel.48- 19-67 completed survey on October 20, 1991. He visited the site on October 15, 1991 an interviewed the staff of PSOZ (Panstwowa Sluzba Ochrony Zabytkow) in Torun in October 1991. Documentation: Dokumentaya Cmentarza Lydowskiego przy ul. Pulaskiego.
     UPDATE: I visited Torun for 3 days in May 1999. I spoke in English with Michael Jozefowicz, who translated remarks of Edward Sulek. My notes are qualified by language-barrier. The former Jewish cemetery is now a respectable bare park with no marker or sign identifying it as a former Jewish cemetery. No gravestones remain. Only a few bits of the original wall and gates remain with no Jewish markings. The park is clean and quiet, frequented by respectable residents of the surrounding apartment buildings. It is my impression that some of those mid-1970s buildings were built on the grounds of the Jewish cemetery but not over gravesites with the agreement of the Jewish Community of Poland. The former Jewish cemetery is across the street from the present Christian cemetery and about a 20-minute walk from the Old Town of Torun.
     The gravestones were all removed in 1975, despite the strongest possible opposition, including a ruling to the contrary by the then and present Torun Conservator: Zbigniew Nawrocki; Tel. ++48---56--214-79; ++48---56--216-70 (Languages: Polish; not English.) His card reads: Urzad Miejski w Toruniu, Mgr, Zbigniew Nawrocki, Miejski Konserwator Zabytkow, ul. Podmurna 15, Tel. 552-189; FAX: 216-70. Apparently, in 1975, the Torun Conservator was unable to obtain support from the Jewish Community of Poland (in Warsaw) in his opposition to removal of the gravestones. I gather that he carefully photographed all the gravestones/matevot before they were removed; and that one could obtain a copy of those photographs. The gravestones are now stored and very carefully conserved in the storeroom of the Torun Conservator at 85/89 Podmurna. The Conservator of stones is: Daniusz Sobou(?), Mobile phone: 0601--615-70. I would suggest that any questions regarding the Torun cemetery and its gravestones be routed via Yale Reisner reisner@plearn.edu.pl of the Lauder Foundation Jewish Geneology Project (Jewish Historical Institute) Poland. Their projects include maintaining an archive of cemetery matzevot. Edward Sulek is the most knowlegeable about the history and present status of former Jewish community of Torun. He is the listed publisher of a booklet (in Polish only) on the former Jewish community of Torun. Contacts: Edward Sulek, Piaskowa 1, Torun 87100; Tel/FAX: ++48---56--622-6697; Polish only.
     Source: (Professor) Michael Jozefowicz, ul. Krasinskiego 63A m.4, 87-100 Torun; Tel. ++48---56--621-0152 may be reached via son's e-mail: sphinx@cc.uni.torun.pl . (Polish; fluent in English. Lawyer; qualified as Judge; former Professor of Law at Torun U. Translator.) Steve Amdur; sahaon@jerusalemail.com [date?] confirms the update details above.

TOSZEK:     US Commission No. 000546
In Katowickie. The US Commission is not finished rechecking this file. [2000]
     UPDATE: Cemetery photos at http://www.kirkuty.xip.pl/toszek.html [January 2006]

TREBLINKA:
See Concentration Camps :
Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 69
TREMESSEN: See Trzemeszno
TREPTOW AN DER REGE: (German) see Trzebiatow, gm.loco.
TREUBURG: see Olecko

TRZCIANKA:     US Commission No. POCE000422
Alternate German name: Schonlanke. Located in Pila province at 52º02' N 16º28' E, 20 km from Pila. Cemetery location: ul. P. Skargi. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
Local: Urzad Miasta ul. Trzciance. Local: mgr. Roman Chwaliszewski, Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow, 64-920 Pila ul. Tczewska 1, tel. 223-88.
Regional: (1) Panstwowa Sluzba Ochrony Zabytkow, addriar ul.Pile, and (2) Barbara Lucryzskia, at the same address.
Interested: mgr, Marek Fijaikowski, Muzeum Okregowe, 64-920 Pila ul. Chopina 1, tel. 271-37.
     The earliest Jewish community dates from the Privilege of 1734. Prior to World War II, there were 380 Jews. A synagogue built in the 18th century and replaced in 1823 was destroyed in 1938. The unlandmarked Progressive/Reform Jewish cemetery was established about 1820. No other communities used the cemetery. The isolated urban flat land has no signs or markers. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no walls, fences or gates. The size of the cemetery prior to World War II was 1.0 ha. The cemetery has been liquidated. No gravestones are visible. There are no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns the cemetery property. Adjacent property is residential and forests. Rarely, local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II with no maintenance or care.
     inz. Henryk Grecki, 70-534 Szczecin, ul. Soltysia 3/13. tel. 377-41 completed survey on August 30, 1991 using documentation form. No visit.

TRZCIANNE: used cemetery at Knyszyn

TRZCIEL:     US Commission No. POCE000346
Alternate German name: Tirschtiegel. Located in Gorzow Wlkp province at 52º23' N 15º53' E, 20 km from Miedzyrzecz. Cemetery location: by the road to Jablonka-Tarlak. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
1921 Jewish population was 22. The Progressive/Reform Jewish cemetery was established rather late in the 18th century or the turn of the 19th century. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated suburban flat land by water has no signs or markers. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no walls, fences, or gates. The size of the cemetery before WWII was and is about 0.95 ha. 20-100 gravestones, 1-20 in original positions with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1779-20th centuries. There are no structures. The granite and sandstone rough stones or boulders, flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decorations, or double tombstones have no other embellishments except Hebrew and German inscriptions. The municipality owns the property used for agriculture. Adjacent property is forest. Rarely, local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II with no maintenance or care. Slight threats: weather erosion and vegetation. Moderate threats: security and vandalism. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem disturbing graves.
     Henryk Grecki, 70-534 Szczecin, ul. Soltysia 3/13. tel. 377-41 completed survey on August 14, 1991 using documentation form. No visit.
     UPDATE: Cemetery photos at http://www.kirkuty.xip.pl/trzciel.htm [January 2006]

TRZCINSKO ZDROJ: , GM.LOCO:     US Commission No. POCE000210
Located in Szczecin province at 52º04' N 14º30' E. Cemetery location: Trzcinsko Zdroj, ul. Ceglana, gm. Trzcinsko Zdroj. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest Jewish community and unlandmarked Jewish cemetery establishment was 1845. The isolated urban flat land has no signs or markers. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no walls, fences, or gates. The size of the cemetery was and is now about 0.13 ha. No gravestones are visible. The cemetery contains no known mass graves and no structures. The municipality owns the property. The property as well as adjacent properties are residential. Rarely, local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II with no maintenance or care. Vegetation is a slight threat; weather erosion and pollution are moderate. Due to the residential location, security, vandalism, and existing and planned incompatible development are very serious threats.
     Dr. Alojzy Kowalczyk, ul.Moniuszki 4/B, 73-110 Stargard Szczec.tel. 73- 44-40 Stargard completed survey on October 17, 1991 using 1990 documentation card. He visited the site and interviewed Urzad Gminy i Miasta Trzcinsko Zdroj in 1991. He may have more information.

TRZEBIATOW: , GM. LOCO:     US Commission No. POCE00000211
Alternate German name: Treptow an der Rege. Located in Szczecin province at 54º02' N 15º00' 26'' E. Cemetery location: Trzebiatow, ul. Sportowa-II Pulku Ulanow. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest Jewish community and the unlandmarked Jewish cemetery date from about 1860 with last known Orthodox Jewish burial in 1945. The isolated urban flat land has no walls, fences, or gates. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The size of the cemetery before WWII was and is about 0,13 ha. 1-20 gravestones, all in original locations with 50% and 75% toppled or broken, date from the 19th century or 1922 - 20th century. The granite, limestone, and sandstone rough stones or boulders or flat shaped stones have no other embellishments except German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. The municipality owns the cemetery used for recreational use. Adjacent properties are recreational. Occasionally, local residents visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II, but not in the last 10 years. No maintenance or care. Vegetation is a slight threat, nearby existing incompatible development a moderate threat, and weather erosion serious threats.
     Dr. Alojzy Kowalczyk, ul.Moniuszki 4/B, 73-110 Stargard Szczec., tel. 73-44-40 Stargard completed survey on October, 15, 1991. He visited the site on October 12, 1991. Documentation: (1) Documentation card, 1988, and (2) J. Baranowski, 1963, Cmentarze zydowskie w wojewodztwie szczecinskim, W-wa, PKZ Oddz. W-wa. He may have more information.

TRZEBINIA:     US Commission No. 000543
In Katowickie. The US Commission is not finished rechecking this file. [2000]

TRZEMESZNO:     US Commission No. POCE000609
Alternate German name: Tremessen. Trzemeszno is located in Bydgoszcz at 52º3417º49, 16km from Gniezno. The cemetery is located at Trzemeszno-Zielen. Present population is 5,000 -25,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was second half of the 19th century. 1848 Jewish population was 130. The Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century. The suburban crown of a hill, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall, fence, or gate. The size of cemetery before WWII and now is 0.17 hectares. Fewer than 20 gravestones in original positions with less than 25% toppled or broken date from the 19th century. The terrazzo flat shaped stones have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns site. a forest. Properties adjacent are agricultural and other cemeteries. The cemetery is visited rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II with no maintenance Weather erosion is a moderate threat.
     Magdalena Grabowska, ul. Sanatoryjna 40, Bydgoszcz, Tel. 277335 completed survey on 30/10/1992. She visited in June 1992 and used Cemetery Card 1992r. WKZ Bydgoszcz.
      UPDATE: Both the survey work done in 1990/91 and an independent report of a traveller posted to a jewishgen newsgroup confirm that at that time, the Jewish cemetery still existed with a not insignificant number of stones -- however it is now GONE. In its place is what may well be the nicest home in town. It is no more than 10 years old and the earth surrounding is freshly churned. source: Anonymous [April 2004]
     UPDATE: Cemetery photos at http://www.kirkuty.xip.pl/trzemeszno.htm [January 2006]

TRZEMESZNO LUBUSKIE:     US Commission No. POCE000347
Alternate German name: Schermeisel. The town is in the province of Gorzow WLKP at 52º26'º15º16'E, 22 km from Miedzyrzecz. Cemetery location: in the S part, 100 meters out of the settlement by the dirt road. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     1921 Jewish population was 27. The Progressive/Reform Jewish cemetery was established in the first half of 18th century. Lubniewice and Glisno, 10 and 5 km away, used this cemetery. The isolated wooded flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off public road, access is open to all with broken masonry wall and no gate. Approximate size before World War II and now is.35 ha. 20-100 gravestones, some original locations with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1861-20th century. The Granite and sandstone rough stones or boulders, flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew and German inscriptions. No structures. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery, "not used". Property adjacent is forest. Private visitors and local residents visit rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. No maintenance. Local non-Jewish residents carried out restoration at some time. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem, preventing access. Security, vegetation and vandalism are moderate threats. Weather erosion is slight threat.
     Henryk Grecki, 70-534 Szczecin, ul. Soltysia 3/13 Tel. 377-41 completed survey on 1991.08.10. Documentation: karta cmentarza documentation form.

TSHIJEVO: see Czyzewo
TUCHEL: See Tuchola

TUCHOLA:     US Commission No. POCE000610
Alternate German name: Tuchel =. Tuchola is located in Bydgoszcz, 53º36 17º51, 24km from Chojnice. The cemetery is located at ul. Towarowa 6. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was the first half of the 19th century. 1892 Jewish population was 576. The Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century. The isolated urban crown of a hill by water has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall, fence or gate. No gravestones are visible. Cemetery has no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. The size of cemetery before WWII and now is 0.17 hectares. Municipality owns property used for industrial or commercial use. Properties adjacent are commercial or industrial and agricultural. The cemetery is visited rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II, but not in the last ten years with no maintenance. Existing incompatible nearby development is a serious threat.
     Magdalena Grabowska, ul. Sanatoryjna 40, Bydgoszcz, Tel. 277335 completed survey on 30/10/1992 using the card of cemetery 1992 WKZ Bydgoszcz. She visited in June 1992.

TUCHOW:
     Cemetery: Kriegerfriedhof (war cemetery) Nr.162 {10845} 4 names from WWI; source: erich.fritsch@sol.at. In region Tarnow at 49º_N 21º02 E Alt 378m (GPS Magellan 3000), 15 km S of Tarnow. The unlocked cemetery is on private ground on right side of Tuchow Lowczow road, on the left side of the river Biala. Militaerkommando Krakau, Kriegsgraeberabteilung, erected the Military cemetery cemetery in 1914-1915 for Jewish soldiers killed in action during WWI on the site of Jewish municipal. There are reportedly 4 single graves of members of k.u.k. Feldhaubitzregiment Nr. 3 (Imperial and Royal Field Howitzer Regiment Nr 3) from Marburg (now Maribor, Rep.of Slovenia). The cemetery is listed in the book Die Westgalizischen Heldengraeber aus den Jahren des Weltkrieges 1914-1915, by Major Rudolf Broch and Captain Hans Hauptmann, Krakow 1918 as Nr.162. No sign or marker. Access: After asking permission of the owner, I had no problem enterring,. The private property has a fence. Four gravestones, in original location, regardless of condition are mentioned in the book. The 4 stones have a Star of David. The owner reported that in WWII the SS had removed all stones. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem but the cemetery does not exist any more. You would not know there has been a cemetery if you did not know or were not told. The military graves had inscriptions in German. A private owner uses property for a garden. The cemetery is visited by Austrian organization: Oesterreichisches Schwarzes Kreuz_(Austrian Black Cross=War Grave Commission). No care or structures.
     Dr. Erich Fritsch, A-5233 Pischelsdorf 56 O.Oe., Austria Tel.:0043-7742-7400; email: erich.fritsch@sol.at completed survey on 16 October 1997. Documentation: Archiwum Panstwowe w Krakowie, ul. Sienna 16, PL-30-960, Krakow, Fax/Tel.: 213544/224094 has records of military burials. Dr. Fritsch visited the site in July 1997 and interviewed the owner of the property.

TUCHOW: see reference to WWI cemetery in the Poland Introduction
TUCHOW:     US Commission No. 000033
In Tarnow. No further information is available.

TUCZNO:     US Commission No. POCE000410
Alternate German name: Tuetz. The town is in Plka province at 53º12' and 16º09', 25 km from Wakcz. Cemetery location: ul. Mlyuska. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1731 when the community was granted the Privilege. The Progressive, Reform cemetery was established at the beginning of the 18th century. Landmark: register of monuments of Pila number A-695 8.05.1990v. The isolated wooded hillside has no sign. Reached by turning directly off public road, access is open to all with no wall, fence, or gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and now is.30 ha. 20-100 stones, 1-20in original location with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1883-20th century. The granite and sandstone rough stones or boulders, flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew and German inscriptions. There are no structures. The municipality owns the unused property. Properties adjacent are forests. Rarely, local residents stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. No maintenance. Individuals and unpaid caretaker occasionally clear or clean. There are no structures. Security and vandalism are moderate threats. Weather erosion, vegetation and incompatible nearby development (existing) are slight threats.
     Henryk Grecki 70-534 Szczecin ul. Soltysia 3/13, tel. 377-41 completed survey 10 August 1991 after a visit to the site on 5 August 1991. Documentation: documentation form (karta cmentarza). No interviews.

TUETZ: (German) see Tuczno
TULISZKOW:     US Commission No. POCE000701
The town is in Konin province at 52º04' 18º18', 15 km from Konin. Cemetery location: E of the road to Krepa. Present population is 3300 with no Jews.
     Jewish population was 450 before WWII. The unlandmarked Orthodox (Sephardic) Jewish cemetery was established 19th century. The isolated suburban crown of a hill, between fields and woods, has no sign or plaque. Reached by turning directly off public road, access is open to all with no wall, fence, or gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and now is 0.5 ha. No stones or structures are left. A private individual owns property used for forest. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Rarely, local residents stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. No maintenance or current care. Weather erosion is a moderate threat. Security, vegetation and vandalism are slight threats.
     Lucja Powlicka Nowol, 62 510 Konin, 11 Listopado 15/76 tel. 43-43-56 completed survey (see Konin) on November 20, 1992 after a visit. Documentation: literature, documentation at PSOZ-Konin. Other documentation exists. People interviewed: Soltys (head of hamlet), Czestaw Kurzawa, village Krepa.

TUREK: See Golina and also used old cemetery in Dobra
TUREK:     US Commission No. POCE000709
The town is in Konin province, 30 km from Konin. Cemetery location: locality called Zdrojki Lewe, 300 m W. of ul. Chopina. Present population is 25,000-100,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1798. March 1, 1938 Jewish population was 2,216 out of 9,879. Historical event: January Insurrection of 1863/64. Noteworthy individuals: Henoch Clicenstein, famous sculptor (1870-1942), Rabbi Wegrow d. 1937, families: Horowitz, Gerson, Zahn, Gotab. A 1932 report showed gravestones dating from the 1800s up to 1832. Turek Jews also were buried in Dobra. Tzadakkim buried in cemetery include Rabbi Pinchas Wegrow. Date of last known Orthodox (Sephardic) and Progressive/Reform Jewish burial 1939. Cemetery is in the monuments register. The isolated suburban crown of a hill, separate but near other cemeteries, the choleric [sic? Catholic?] cemetery. The cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all withno wall or gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II was 2 ha. Over 300 stones and fragments were incorporated into roads or structures: office building of the factory in Turek at Kolska Szosa, the building at the outskirts of Grobieniec, and near the Jewish cemetery in Turek. No stones are visible OR Tombstones date from 1846-20th centuries. 2 marble and sandstone flat shaped stones and finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Polish and Hebrew inscriptions. The tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery originally had a mass grave, transferred [to ?EB)] after the WWII. There is a pre-burial house rebuilt after a fire in 1960. The municipality owns the property used for waste dumping; trees were planted around 1960. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized in the spring 1943. There is no maintenance. Security, weather erosion, pollution, vandalism and vegetation are slight threats.
     Lucja Pawlicka- Nowak, 62-510 viennin ul 11 Listopoda 15/76 tel. 434356 completed survey on 13 October 1992. Documentation: Research in the archives in Konin, in the municipality in Turek, literature, interviews. Other documentation exists but is too general. He visited site many times in 1989, 1990, 1991, and August 1992. Jan Arent, the gravedigger's son ? 1992, who used to live in the building adjacent to the pre-burial house, was interviewed.
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 69
    UPDATE: The Turek Association of Israel erected a memorial. The mayor, local dignitaries, the rabbi of Lodz, and a delegation of Israeli Turek descendants attended the dedication on 25 Aug. 2003. Source: Moshe Shubinsky. England. mocki.shubinsky@btinternet.com [September 2003]

TURKOW: probably used cemetery at Sycow

TUROBIN: AS 192
Turobin is in Zamosc province at 50º49'N 22º45' W, 40 km NW from Zamosc. Location of cemetery: NE of market square on Zamkowa St. and a road by the water resource plant. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1420. 1921 Jewish population was 956. Jewish community was most active from 16th-19th century. The cemetery was established in the 18th century with last known Orthodox Jewish burial 1941. The community from Chorupnik, 15 km away, used this cemetery until about 1850. The isolated rural crown of a hill has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private road, access is open to all with no wall or gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and now is.5 ha. 1- 20 stone, none in the original locations with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th century. Tombstones removed were incorporated into the new local grammar school foundation. The sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. Maintenance: re-erection of stones out in 1994--two tombstones found and re-erected by volunteer (unpaid) caretaker. Weather erosion is a moderate threat. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem, preventing access.
     Magorzata Radolowicz- Buzikiewicz, Florianska 37/3; 31-019 Krakow; phone (0-12) 215748 completed survey 29 September 1995 after a visit. Documentation: PSOZ (Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow (State Preservation Authority, Conservation Officer for Voivodship) Zamose --"Karta cmentarza" (cemetery record chart), #2667 filled by D. Kawa ko, 1992; and "Turobin. Studium histtoryczno-urbanistyczne", Lublin 1986. Officers at Preservation Authority and local residents were interviewed.

TUTZ: See Tuczno
TWIERDRS: used cemetery at Frysztak
TWIERDZA: (Polish) see Frysztak

TWIERDZA-GLINIK DOLNY:     US Commission No. POCE000782
Town is in Rzeszow St province at 49º50' 21º37', 30 km from Krosno. Cemetery location: behind Twierdza 151. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 16th cent. 1939 Jewish population was 2000. The unlandmarked cemetery was established 1934 with last known Orthodox Jewish burial during WWII. The communities from Cieszyny, Tlute[??], Colinik, Crorny, and Luble used site about 1 km from the congregation. The isolated rural flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road and crossing private property, access is open to all with a broken masonry wall and no gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and now is 600 sq.m. 2-100 stones, 1-20 stones in original location and 1-20 not with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1934. Removed stones are incorporated into road to Krosno. The limestone and sandstone rough stones or boulders have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains unmarked mass graves but no structures. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Private visitors visit rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II but not in the last 10 years. No maintenance. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem, disturbing stones. Security, vegetation and vandalism are very serious threats.
     Natascha Rode, 35-213 Rzeszow; ul. Starzy skiego 5/29 completed survey June 1992 after a visit. Roman Crodek, Frysztak, ul. Frysztockiepo 31. was interviewed.

TYCIN: (Yiddish) see Tyczyn
TYCZIN: region of Rzeszow The cemetery was fenced thanks to Rabbi Mendel Reichbert. Bushes and worthless trees were removed. Source:     US Commission

TYCZYN: , RZESZOW:     US Commission No. POCE000484
Alternate Yiddish name: Tycin. The town is in Rzeszow province at 49º58' 22º02', 10 km from Rzeszow. Cemetery location: Parkowa Street. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1428. 1939Jewish population was 1200. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery, 500 m. from congregation, was established in 16th century with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1943. The isolated suburban flat land has no sign. Reached by turning directly off public road, access is open to all with broken masonry wall, broken fence, and no gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and now is 300 square meters. 1-20 or 100-500 stones are in original location. [sic] 20-100 stones in cemetery are not in original locations with less than 25% toppled or broken. Removed stones are in a museum or conservation laboratory in Rynek and incorporated into roads or structures in Rynek. Section for suicides probable. Tombstones date from 17th-20th centuries. The limestone and sandstone rough stones or boulders or flat shaped stones have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains unmarked mass graves, but no structures. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are recreational and agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II and occasionally since with no maintenance. Occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals or unpaid caretaker is care. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem, disturbing stones. Security, vegetation and vandalism are very serious threats. Weather erosion a moderate threat.
     Natascha Rode 35-213 Rzeszow, Starzynski str 5/29 Tel. 439-76 completed survey April 22, 1992 after a visit. Documentation: History of Tyczyn. Miecyslew Skotnicki, listed above, was interviewed.
     UPDATE: Town population: 1000-5000 with no current Jewish population. Date of earliest known Jewish community was mid-18th century. Czudec also used this cemetery. Metrical records exist reflecting those buried in the landmarked cemetery with no caretaker. 1942 was last known Orthodox Jewish burial. The isolated rural (agricultural) flat land has no sign. The cemetery is open with permission with a continuous fence and locking gate. [Note: This contradicts the Commission report.] No stones are visible. They were used for roadbed during WWII. Municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery only. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, organized individual tours stop. The cemetery was vandalized between 50 and 10 years ago. Mendel Reichberg (New York: 718/436-1001) was responsible for cleaning the cemetery and erecting a fence around the perimeter about October 1994. Current Care: occasional clearing or cleaning by local authorities. Within the limits of the cemetery is an ohel. Vandalism is a serious threat. Security (uncontrolled access) is a moderate threat. Incompatible nearby development has been proposed. Nathan and Lucille Abramowitz visited site in 1973 and October 1994, One MacArthur Blvd, Apt 1215, Westmont, NJ 08108, lucynat@aol.com survey on 17 August 1997.
      http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Kolbuszowa (Shtetlink) [November 2002]

TYKOCIN:     US Commission No. POCE000127
Alternate names: Tiktin in Yiddish and Tyktin in Hebrew. Town is in Wojewodstwo Bialostockie at 53º12 22º47, 30 km from Bialegostoku. The cemetery is in the western part of the town behind the quarter called Kaczorowo between Holendy and Swierczewskiego Streets. Present population is 5,000- 25,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was around 1522. 1921 Jewish population was 1461. Notable individuals there were: Rebeka Tyktin-poetka, pot. XVI w. Euachu Cwi Hirsz HakohºSzimson Kacenel Bogen. The cemetery was established around 1522 with last Orthodox, Conservative or Progressive/Reform burial about 1942. Surrounding villages (no names given) used cemetery. The isolated suburban flat land has a sign in the local language that mentions Jews. Reached by turning off a public road, access is open to all with a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. Before WWII the size was 2.5 ha. and is now about.2 ha. There are 448 matzevot and 84 concrete supports. Between 100 and 500 gravestones are in original locations and 1-20 not with less than 25% toppled or broken. Stones date from 1791-20th century. The granite, sandstone, slate and concrete; rough stones or boulders, flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. There are no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns site used for Jewish cemetery, agriculture, recreation, and storage. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial and agricultural. Boundaries are small because of commercial development and lime storage area. Occasionally, organized Jewish group tours, organized individual tours, private visitors and local residents visit. It was vandalized during WWII but not in the last 10 years with no maintenance. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem, preventing access. Security and incompatible existing development are moderate threats. Weather erosion, vegetation, vandalism and planned development are slight threats.
     Tomasz Wisniewski, Bialystok ul. Bema 95/99 tel.212-46 completed the survey on Nov. 26, 1991 after various visits in 1988, 1989 and 1990. He used Patarz punkt 26 and photographs as documentation. Richard Adler, 160 Valley Dr., Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197 was interviewed.
TYKOCIN: A map of the synagogue area of the small town of Tykocin in which the synagogue is located is shown. The map also shows the Jewish cemetery of Tykocin, which is to the west of the synagogue; established in 1522, the cemetery has 500 matzevot (tombstones). See: http://www.igc.apc.org/ddickerson/tykocin-map.html
     Listed in Jewish Bialystok . (See Bialystok) The 17th-20th century Orthodox cemetery on Pilsudskiego Street is within walking distance of synagogue. Chaim Siemiatycki, writer, was born here in 1908. Tombstones date from 1754 with first burial about 1522. A wall surrounds cemetery from river. Olbracht Gaztold granted the Privilege in 1522 for nine Jewish families to create cemetery. Bialystok Jews were buried here until 1750. [See Abram Gawrin, Dzieje Zydow Tykocina (History of Tykocin Jews ) 1522-1795. Warsaw, 1938]
     500 tombstones date from 1739. [Source?]
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 69
LOPUCHOWO: 4 km SW, is 5 August 1941 mass murder site of Tykocin Jews. Warsaw Gestapo, commanded by Wolfgang Birkner, Police Units 316 and 309 in cooperation with local "police" forced the Jews to Zawady. Then, near Lopuchowo village in Lopuchowo Forest, 2,000 were murdered. An obelisk marks this site. [Source: Jewish Bialystok by T. Wisniewski]
      http://www.igc.apc.org/ddickerson/tykocin.html [October 2000]
     UPDATE: Cemetery photos at http://www.kirkuty.xip.pl/tykocin.html [January 2006]

TYKTIN: (Hebrew) see Tykocin

TYRAWA WOLOSKA:     US Commission No. POCE000735
The town is in Krosno province 49º34' 22º22'E, 17 km from Sanok and 58 km from Krosno. Cemetery location: by the road to Wankowa. Present population is under 1000 with no Jews.
     1921 Jewish population was 299. The unlandmarked Orthodox cemetery on an isolated rural (agriculture) crown of a hill has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall or gate. 1-20 sandstone, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, none in original location with more than 75% toppled or broken, have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery property with no structures used for animal grazing. Properties adjacent are agricultural. The cemetery is rarely. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II and occasionally since. There is no maintenance. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem, disturbing stones. Security and vandalism are serious threats. Weather erosion and vegetation are very serious threats.
     Pietr Antoniak, ul. Dobra 5m 36, 05-800 Praszka completed survey 10 September 1992 after a visit to the site on 1 Sept. 1992.

TYSZOWCE I: AS 213
Tyszowce is in Zamosc province at 50º37' 23º42', 30 km SE from Zamosc. Location of cemetery: 3-go Maja St. (to the end). Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 1528. 1921 Jewish population was 2451. Noteworthy historical events: 1564/65 rabbi mentioned; 1567 Privilege granted for Jews (same as for Christians) by king Zymunt August; 1578--population 330; synagogue mentioned in XVII c.; 1813 pogrom and robbery by Russian cossack soldiers; 1942--deportation. Noteworthy individuals: in XVII C. Jozef Majerowic (1645), Izaak Sukiennik (1610); in XX C. Dawid Wachsenfeld, Rabbi Ben Joseph. The Jewish cemetery was established turn of 19th-20th century with last known Orthodox Jewish burial in 1941. Landmark: preserved as local monument to memory of Tyszowce Jews murdered during the war but not listed in Monuments Record Book. The isolated rural (agricultural) flat has a sign or plaque in local language (Polish) and Hebrew mentioning the Jewish Community. Reached by turning directly off public road, access is open to all with a continuous fence with non-locking gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II was.25 ha. Present size of cemetery about 0.07 ha., reduced by agriculture. 1-20, none in original location with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1884-20th century. The sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors visit. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. David Lacks (or Laks), Abraham Borg and former residents of Tyszowce fixed wall and gate in 1988. Memorial tombstones devoted to families of aforementioned individuals were erected 1989 and, memorial monument for burial of Jews from Tyszowce murdered in Belzec. Occasional clearing or cleaning is by authorities. No threats.
     Slawomir Parfianowicz, Jasielska 50a/2, 02-18 Warszawa, completed survey 25 August 1995 after a visit. Documentation: PSOZ (Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow (State Preservation Authority, Convservation Officer for Voivodship) Zamosc--"Karta cmentarza" (cemetery record chart), #2645 fulfilled by D. Kawalo, 1990; and "Studium historyczno--urbanistyczne (Historical--Urban survey) Lublin 1988 (prepared by J. Studzi ski/PKZ (State restoration Workshop), Dep. Lublin. Interviews were conducted with officers at Preservation Authority and residents of housing nearby to cemetery.
TYSZOWCE II: AS 193
Location of cemetery: 23 Koscielna (within property of kindergarten) The landmarked Orthodox cemetery was established possibly at the end of the 16th century. Rabbi Ben Joseph is buried here. It is preserved as local monument to memory of Tyszowce Jews murdered during the war but not listed in Monuments Record Book. The isolated urban flat land has a sign or plaque in Polish and Hebrew mentioning the Jewish Community. Reached by turning directly off public road and crossing other public kindergarten, access is open to all with no walls, fence, or gate. Cemetery was.4 ha. before World War II. No stones are visible. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns property used for recreation (park, playground, and sport field). Properties adjacent are residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II. Restoration in 1988 carried out by Jewish idividuals (David Lacks) abroad is a monument whose inscription mentions Rabbi Ben Joseph. There are no threats.
     Slawomir Parfianowicz, Jasielska 50a/2, 02-18 Warszawa completed survey on 25 August 1995 after a visit. Documentation: PSOZ (Wojewodzki Konserwator Zabytkow (State Preservation Authority, Convservation Officer for Voivodship) Zamose -"Karta cmentarza" (cemetery record chart), #2645 fulfilled by D. Kawalo, 1990; "Studium historyczno--urbanistyczne (Historical--Urban survey) Lublin 1988 (prepared by J. Studzi ski/PKZ (State restoration Workshop), Dep. Lublin. Interviews were officers at Preservation Authority and residents of housing near cemetery.

THE CEMETERIES "U"

UCHANIE: AS 194
Alternate German name: Uhanie. Uchanie is located in Zamosc region at 50º54' 23º38', 45 km NE of Zamosc and 30 km SE of Chetui. The cemetery is located 300 m S of the center on Podguvze St. Present population is 1,000-5.000, no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 16th century. 1921 Jewish population was 1010 (60%). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery was established in the 16th century with last known Orthodox burial in 1943. The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has sign or plague in Polish. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with a broken fence and non-locking gate. The cemetery is.81 hectare, the same as before WWII. No gravestones are visible with no known mass graves or structures. Municipality owns site used for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural, residential, and a Catholic cemetery. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized during WWII. Regional or national authorities fixed the wall about 1960 but no care. Weather erosion and vandalism are slight threats. Vegetation is a moderate threat, preventing seasonal access.
     Pawel Sygowski, 59 Kazimowszcryzna St, 63/59; 20-201 Lublin, tel. 77-20-78 completed survey in August 1995 after July 1995 visit.

UHANIE: (German) see Uchanie

UJAZD:     US Commission No. POCE000533
Alternate name Ehrenforst in German. Ujazd is located in the Opolskie region at 50º24' 18º21', 48 km from Katowice. The cemetery is located on Niezdrowice. Present population is 1,000-5,000, no Jews.
     The Jewish cemetery was established before 1822 with last known Progressive/Reform burial May 6, 1881. Landmark: a landmark no. 240/90. The isolated wooded flat land has no sign or marker, wall, fence, or gate. Reached by crossing other public forest, access is open to all. The present size of the cemetery is.07 hectare, the same as before WWII. 20-100 gravestones, 1-20 not in the original position and 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from the 19th century. The cemetery is not divided into special sections. The oldest known gravestone is Hava B. Mose dated 19 February 1822. The limestone and sandstone flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and German inscriptions. There are no known mass graves or structures. Municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally. Stones were re-erected and cleaned and vegetation cleared in 1990. Occasionally, authorities clear or clean. Security, weather erosion, pollution and vandalism are slight threats. Vegetation is a moderate threat.
     Marcin Wodzinski, 187/13 Jednosci Narodonej St., 50-303 Wrocean, tel. 210908 completed survey on May 8, 1992 after a visit on May 6, 1992.

UJAZD:     US Commission No. POCE000670
Ujazd is located in Piotrkow at 51º36 19º55, 30 km from Piotrkow. The cemetery is located at NW from the town in a forest but location not precisely determined. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     1921 Orthodox Jewish population was 792. The unlandmarked, isolated, wooded flat land has no sign or marker. It is open to all with no wall, fence, or gate. There are no stones, no known mass graves and no structures. The cemetery is totally destroyed and its even exact location is unknown.
     Jan Pawet Woronczak, Sandomierska Str. 21 m. 1, 02-567 Warszawa; tel. 49-54-62 completed survey. The site was not visited.

UJSCIE:     US Commission No. POCE000414
Alternate German name Usch. Ujscie is located in the Pila region at 53º03' 16º44', 10 km from Pila. The cemetery is on Czarnkowska St. Present population is 5,000-25,000, no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 16th century, when the unlandmarked Progressive/ Reform cemetery was established. 1939 Jewish population was 21 (census). The isolated suburban hillside has no sign, wall, fence, or gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The cemetery was 50 hectares before WWII but has been liquidated. There are no gravestones visible, no known mass graves, and no structures. Municipality owns site used for residential use. Adjacent property is residential. Compared to 1939, the cemetery boundaries are smaller due to housing development. The cemetery was vandalized during WWII. There are no maintenance, no care, no current threats.
     Henryk Grecki, 70-534 Szcrecin, 3/73 Soltysia St., tel. 377-41 completed survey on August 30, 1991 using the karta cmentarza. It was not visited.

ULANOW:     US Commission No. POCE000095
Ulanow is located in Tarnobrzeg at 50º29 22º16, 50km from Tarnobrzeg. The cemetery is located at ul. Cmentarna (lot no. 620 on E outskirts of town). Present population is 1,000- 5,000 with no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was 18th century. 1921 Jewish population was 861.The Orthodox Jewish cemetery was established in the 7100s with last known Jewish burial 1940. Landmark: Register of Monuments no. 287/A. The suburban flat land about 350 meters from the Catholic cemetery has a plaque in Polish and in Hebrew that mentions Jews. A continuous fence with locking gate surrounds. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The size of cemetery before WWII and now is 1.50 hectares. 100-500 gravestones in original locations with between 1-20 stones not and less than 25% toppled or broken date from 1881-20th century. The sandstone and some concrete flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. One gravestone is engraved with a bas-relief portrait that has traces of paint on its surface. There are no known mass graves or structures. Municipality owns site used for Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent are recreational, commercial and industrial, agricultural, and residential. The cemetery boundaries remain the same since 1939. Occasionally, organized individual tours and private visitors stop. The cemetery was never vandalized. In 1985-1986, the commune authority, by order of the Voivodship Conservator of Monuments, re-erected stones, patched broken stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed the wall and gate. Occasional clearing and cleaning by local and regional authorities is care. Security, vegetation and development pose only slight threats.
     Marek Florek of Rudnik, ul. Chopina 12/2, tel. 26 completed survey on 18/10/1991, using the documentation card. Scientific conservation documentation is currently being prepared. Marek Florek visited the site on 01/10/1991.
     {10911} Names collected with group headed by Melody Katz. The cemetery was cleared of brush many months ago, when Jacek began the project (his illness put off project for six months). The cemetery is fenced and gated in the 1980's by the priest who is still there. Jacek is going back in the summer of 1999 to do some restoration to more tombstones (overturned and fragmented ones). Source: Melody Katz; MelodyKatz@aol.com [date?]
      http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/ulanow/ulanow.html [October 2000]

UNIEJOW:     US Commission No. POCE000710
Uniejow is located in Konin region, 55 km from Konin. The cemetery is around 150 meters west of the road to Dabie. Present population is 1,000-5,000, no Jews.
     1939 Jewish population was 1400 (40%). Grinevald-chairman of a bank, Lewin-a grain merchant, and Gross-a manufacturer lived here. The cemetery was established in the 19th century with last Orthodox or Progressive/Reform burial in 1939. The isolated suburban flat land has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The cemetery is now 51.21 sq.m. as before WWII. No gravestones are visible. [sic: sandstone is indicated]. No structures. The cemetery was vandalized during WWII. There is no maintenance, no care. Municipality owns property used for storage. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial. Rarely, local residents stop. At the site, used building materials (cement) are stored and sand heap probably from nearby agricultural machine park. The cemetery border is being destroyed by the dirt road.
     Lucja Pawlicka-Nowak, 15/76 Listopeda St., 62 510 Konin, tel. 43-43-56 completed survey August 20, 1992 after a visit on the same day. Reports and interviews with residents were used. Czestaw Tomczak, 29 Kilinskiego St., Uniejow, tel. 255 was interviewed.

UOYNCYCE: see Sedziszow Makopolski

URZEDOW: AS 195
Alternate German name: Urzendow. Urzedow is located in the Lublin region at 50º59' 22º09', 39 km SW of Lublin, 9 km N of Krasnik. The cemetery is 1.5 km SW of the city center. Present population is 1,000-5,000, no Jews.
     The earliest known Jewish community was late 19th century, when the cemetery was also established. 1921 Jewish population was 284 (8%) with last known Orthodox burial in 1942. No other towns used the unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated rural flat land has a sign or plague in Polish and Hebrew mentioning Jews, the Holocaust, and the Jewish community. Reached by crossing private property (fields), acess is open to all with no wall or fence, no gate. No gravestones are visible. The cemetery has a special memorial monument to Holocaust victims erected in 1993 by local non-Jewish residents, Jewish individuals within Poland, and Jewish individuals abroad. There are no known mass graves. A regional or national government agency owns property used for industrial or commercial use, storage, and waste dumping. Adjacent properties are agricultural and a sandpit used for waste dumping. The cemetery is a smaller area compared to 1939 due to sandpit. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was vandalized during WWII but not in the last ten years. There is a regular caretaker and no structures.
     Pawel Sygowski, 64/59 Kalinowszczyzna St., 20-201 Lublin, tel. 77-20-78 completed survey in April 1994 after a visit in March 1994. Field surveys and interviews of some locals were used. A documentation card exists.

URZENDOW: (German) Urzedow
USCH: (German) see Ujscie

USTRON: region of Bielsko-Biala
The remains were exhumed before the highway was built over the cemetery. The remains were placed in an adjacent communal cemetery. Another part of the cemetrey was used for waste dumping. In 1994, at the request of Otto Windholz from Melbourne, the existing fence was extended to include the communal cemetery as a separate Jewish cemetery. A plaque was placed also. Source: Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad

USTRZYKI DOLNE:     US Commission No. POCE000736
Ustrzyki Dolne is located in the Krosno region at 49º26' 22º36', 38 km from Soinok and 80 km from Krosno. The cemetery is S of the market square behind the railway. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.      1921 Orthodox Jewish population was 1768. The unlandmarked isolated suburban hillside has no sign, wall, fence, or gate. Reached by crossing public property, access is open to all. The present size is.8 hectare as before 1939. 20-100 gravestones, some in original position with 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. The sandstone or concrete finely smoothed and inscribed stones with carved relief decorations have Hebrew inscriptions. There are no structures. Municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational and agricultural. Rarely, private individuals visit. The cemetery was vandalized during WWII. Local/ municipal authorities re-erected stones and cleared vegetation in 1989. There is no current care. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem disturbing stones. Pollution and vandalism are slight threats. Weather erosion and vegetation are moderate threats. Piotr Antonioik, 5 m 35 Dobra St., 05-800 Prieszkow, completed this survey on September 11, 1992 after a visit on August 8, 1992.
     Source: They Lived Among Us: Polish Judaica , a travel brochure: Arline Sachs, sachs@nova.org extracted names of townstaht supposedly having Jewish cemeteries. These generally have names only; sometimes a description of famous people who lived there, but no page number.)
     Source: Gruber, Ruth Ellen. Jewish Heritage Travel A Guide to East-Central Europe . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. p. 79

THE CEMETERIES "V"

VENGRO: (Yiddish) see WEGROW
VENGROVA: (Yiddish) see WEGROW
VIETZ: (German) Witnica
VILKATCH: (Yiddish) see WIELKIE OCZY
VILKUTCH: see WIELKIE OCZY
VLADOVA: see Wlodawa
VIROSHOV: (Yiddish) see Wieruszow
VISHEGROD: see WYSZOGROD

VISHNITZ:
mostly destroyed Source: Cohen, Chester G. "Jewish Cemeteries in Southern Poland" from `An Epilogue' in Shtetl Finder . 1980.

VOKHIN: (Yiddish) see Wohyn
VURKE: see WARKA

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