International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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MAD: US Commission No. 000014
Mad is located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, (48°21' 21°12'), 50km from Miskolc. Cemetery: outside of town, E of center. (Land Record #778.hrz.) Present town population is 1,000-5,0 with no Jews.
     The Pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 700. Rosenbaum Amram (tzadik), who in 1826 moved to Palestine, lived here. The Jewish cemetery was established in 1769. Buried in the cemetery are Rabbis: Mose Wolf Litman (-1799), Schwartz Abraham Juda Leb Hakohen (1824-1883) and Inkler Mordechaj Yehuda ( -1932). The Jewish community was Bal-Sem-Tov Hasidic Orthodox, Sephardic Orthodox, Conservative, Progressive/Reform, and Neolog. No other towns or villages used this landmarked (1990 historic monument) cemetery. The isolated suburban agricultural hillside by water has no sign, but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The approximate size before WWII was 0.65 hectares and now is 0.61 hectares. Less than 25% of gravestones are toppled or broken. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem. 500-5000 18th-20th century marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. There are no known mass graves, but there is an ohel. The national Jewish community owns the still-active cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Boundaries were smaller than in 1939 because of agriculture. Jewish individuals abroad cleared vegetation and fixed wall. Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays the regular caretaker. Weather erosion is a serious threat. Vandalism is a moderate threat. Lowy Lajos of Tokayj, Rakocri ut 41on 11/12/91 completed survey using: Zemplen Zsidosaganak Torrenetc; Orieh Lewy: Mad Zsido hitkozsege (Jeruzsalem, 1974). Other documentation exists but was not redundant. He visited site on 11/10/91.

MAKO (I): US Commission No. 000027
Mako is located in Csongrad at 46°13' 20°29', 30km from Szeged. Cemetery is 3 km. N. of center along road to Foldeak. Population is 25,000-100,000 with 10-100 Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 2503. Pulitzer Jozsef, Makai Emil and Vorhand Mozes, Kecskemeti Armin lived here. The Jewish cemetery was established in 1856. Buried in the cemetery are Vorhand Tuozes and Makai Emil. The last known Neolog Jewish burial was 1990. No other towns or villages used this cemetery. The rural/agricultural flat land, separate but near other cemeteries, reached by crossing private property, is open to all via a broken fence and a non-locking gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 2.32 hectares. [Statements about location of gravestones were contradictory.] 500 and 5000 gravestones, less than 25% toppled or broken, exist. OR: Location of stones removed from the cemetery is unknown. No known mass graves. There are an ohel and a pre-burial house with a catafalque, wall inscriptions, and a chimney. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem that is damaging stones. Special sections exist for rabbis, Cohanim, and children. The oldest known gravestone dates from 1856-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones, double tombstones or sculpted monuments have Hebrew, Yiddish, Polish and Hungarian inscriptions. Some tombstones have metal fences around graves. The local Jewish community owns property used for Jewish cemetery and agriculture (crops or animal grazing). Adjacent properties are agricultural and cemetery. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery was vandalized frequently in the last ten years. Jewish groups within Hungary re-erected stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall frequently in the last 10 years. Occasional individuals clean or clear now. Caretaker is paid by use of empty section for farming. Serious threats are security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism Weather erosion is moderate threat. Fodor Laszlo of Mako, Deak F. u. 53/a and Peter Wirth completed survey on 4/11/91. Documentation: Dr. Kecskemeti Armin: A Csanadmegyei zsidok tortenete (1929). He visited site on 02/11/91. Dr. Baton Ferenc was interviewed on 03/11/91 at Mako.
MAKO: (II) US Commission No. 000028
     The Jewish cemetery was established in 1821. David fia [son of] Naftalin (a martyr killed in 1779) is buried here. The last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial was 1821. The flat isolated urban site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. No structures are within the cemetery. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.33 hectares. 20 and 100 gravestones, less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1740- 19th century. The marble, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial mounuments to pogrom victims, but no known mass graves. The local Jewish community owns property used for Jewish cemetery and grazing in a part. Adjacent properties are residential. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery was not vandalized. Jewish groups within Hungary fixed the wall and gate in 1986-88 with no vandalism since. Mako Jewish Congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate or slight threats include security (uncontrolled access) and weather erosion. Pollution is slight threat. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem preventing access. Fodor Laszlo of Mako, Deak Ferenc utca 53/a and Peter Wirth completed survey on 4/11/91 using: oral tradition and Dr. Kecskemeti Armin: Csanadmegyei Zsiolok Tortenete (1929). Wirth visited site in 1991. Dr. Baron Ferenc at Mako was interviewed on 03/11/91.

MARIAPOCS: US Commission No. 000045
Mariapocs is located in Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg at 47°53' 22°02', 15km from Nyirbator. Cemetery: at Ofehertoi ut 82. Present town population is between 1,000 and 5,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 84.The Jewish cemetery was established in 1800 century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial 1940. No other towns or villages used this cemetery. The isolated urban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken fence with no lock. No known mass graves or structures exist. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.24 hectares. 1-20 20th century limestone tombstones are finely smoothed and inscribed stones or common gravestones with Hebrew inscriptions. The national Jewish community owns property now used for agriculture (crops or animal grazing) and residential. Adjacent properties are residential. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. No vandalism in the last ten years. . Local non-Jewish residents cleaned stones and vegetation in 1991. Care now is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Security (uncontrolled access) and vegetation are slight threats. Weather erosion is serious threat. Riczu Zoltan of Nyiregyhaza, Vasvan Pal ut 74 completed survey on 1/11/91. He visited site on 01/11/1991. Interviewed were Gubcsu Janos at Mariapocs Ofehertoi ut 80; Fekete Laszlone at Mariapocs Ofehertoi ut 84; and Toth Sandor at Mariapocs Petriu ut 36.

MATESZALKA: US Commission No. 000046
Town is located in Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg at 47°57' 22°20', 52km from Nyiregyhaza. Cemetery: Fellegvar utca Z. Present population is 25,000-100,000 with fewer than 100 Jews.
     Pre-WWII Jewish population was 1,621. The grave of Spitzer, Chaim Meselem Feis is in cemetery. The last known Jewish burial in this unlandmarked Hasidic Orthodox cemetery was 1991, also used by Kocsord (4km away). The isolated hillside suburban cemetery has no signs or markers. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a broken masonry wall. 500-5000 19th and 20th century gravestones in original location are in the 100-hectare cemetery. Vegetation overgrowth is a problem. Special sections exist for rabbis and children. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped or finely smoothed and inscribed with carved relief decoration have Hebrew, Yiddish and Hungarian inscriptions. Some plots have metal fences. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. There also is an ohel and a wooden coach-house. The local Jewish community owns site. Recreational and residential areas surround; some unused cemetery property is currently being farmed. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Frequently, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimage groups, organized individual tours, private visitors, and local residents visit. 1990s vandalism required re-erection of stones, patching broken stones, cleaning stones, clearing vegetation, and repair of the gate by the Jewish community in and outside Hungary (done regularly). The current caretaker accepts land use as payment. The only serious threat is weather erosion, with some problems resulting from security (uncontrolled access). Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/12/91 based on a 5/12/91 visit and review of a map/layout plan dating from 1919. Mr.& Mrs. Lax, Henrik were interviewed on 05/12/1991 at Mateszalka.
     Update: Location: Fellegvar Street by the intersection of Budai Nagy Antal Street. The suburban agricultural very slight hill in a residential area is reached by a turn directly off public road via by a continuous [?] masonry wall. Approximately 100-500 (possibly more) gravestones are in the cemetery with less than 25% broken or toppled. Vegetation overgrowth is seasonal problem, preventing access in places and disturbing some of the finely smoothed/inscribed stones. The site is now for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential. Diane Goldman, 4977 Battery Lane, Bethesda MD 20814 ( dgoldman@erols.com) visited the site on 2 August 1998 and completed survey on 1 March 1999.

MENCSHELY: US Commission No. 000062
Mencshely is located in Veszprem, 26km from Veszprem, on the road to Nagyvazsony. Present population under 1,000 with no Jews.      Only the people of this town used "Congressional" cemetery, a portion of a municipal cemetery, on flat suburban land with no signs or markers. Off a public road and freely accessible, a fence with unlocked gate surrounds. The cemetery occupies 0.06 hectares and has fewer than 20 gravestones, all in original location and condition. Gravestones date from the 19th and 20th centuries, with no evident sectional divisions. The limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed tombstones, or common gravestones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. No known mass graves exist. Although municipally owned, it is used only for Jewish burials. Adjacent property is another cemetery. Boundares are unchanged since 1939. Some restoration and maintenance by municipal authorities continues. Weather erosion is only threat. Peter Wirth, based on a 10/22/91 visit, completed survey on 10/24/91.

MEZOKÖVESD
Located in Csereszyne utca, Mezokövesd, Borsod District, Hungary at 47°81'67" 20°58'33", about 30 km. from Miskolc. Present town population is 5,000 - 25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews. Jewish community dates from at least 1840 (from when population records are available.) Jewish population as of 1941 census was 798.

The unlandmarked urban cemetery location is within the town boundaries of Mezokovesd, but isolated on flat land with no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission. A continuous masonry wall and a gate that lock surround the cemetery. Present size of cemetery is approximately 1200 square meters. 100-500 gravestones are visible in cemetery, regardless of condition or position with less than 25% broken or toppled. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage in the cemetery are not a problem.

Tombstones date from the 19th century at least. The flat shaped stones, obelisks, and finely smoothed and inscribed tombstones and memorial markers have inscriptions in Hebrew and Hungarian. No known mass graves.

The national Jewish community probably owns the cemetery property is now used for Jewish cemetery use only [apart from caretaker's goats]. Properties adjacent to cemetery are residential. Occasionally, local residents and private visitors (Jewish or non-Jewish) visit. The caretaker has notebook to record visitors. Care includes stones re-erected, broken stones patched, vegetation cleared, and wall and gate fixed [i.e. in good condition by local non-Jewish resident [caretaker]) and possible Jewish individuals within country. The regular unpaid caretaker is allowed to keep his goats in the cemetery as recompense. A small building currently containing goats - original purpose unknown – exists. No threats.

David Sperlinger (email: dsperlinger@hotmail.com) completed this survey in November 2003 having visited in October 2003. He also consulted "Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Hungary" for information. A yizkor books exists, but was inaccessible.

MIKOHAZA:
4827 2136, 133.5 miles ENE of Budapest. Near Satoraljaujhely, this Jewish cemetery has a few graves still in good shape. [January 2004]

MISKOLC:
The synagogue's Chazan named Spitzer showed me the way to the cemetery. The gravestones in the big cemetery are in reasonably good shape. The caretaker has a map of all graves dug since 1903. Before the Holocaust, there were 12,000 Jews in Miskolc; today there are 200. The rabbi dresses in Hasidic garb. Source: Barry Zwick; Barry.Zwick@latimes.com
       UPDATE: I visited the Jewish cemetery of Miskolc six years ago and was surprised finding it well maintained, clean, and in good condition.The non-Jewish caretaker, employed of the municipality, was very kind helping me find my grandfather's grave in a huge ,well-organized book. But after crisscrossing the cemetery under his kind guidance for at least 2 hours, we arrived where the grave should be, but found nothing. He looked very disappointed and offered to search again until he found it. I came back again four years ago when the caretaker had a day off. His son was there and helped as kindly as did his father but found nothing. Ignac Strausz, who lived at Paloczy u. 6 near the main synagogue of Miskolc that was destroyed, was head secretary of the Miskolc Chevra Kadisha and Bikur Cholim until his death in January 1941. Source: Moshe Sharon, violin75@012.net.il [September 2005]

MOHACS: US Commission No. 000009
Mohacs is located at 45°59' 18°42', 50km from Szekszard, on Baranya along Highway No. 57 (land record B 157.hrz). Cemetery: W of the center of town. Present population is under 100,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Pre-WWII Jewish population was 741. Mohacsi Jeno, Roheim Jeno, Vida Pezso and Rabbi Grunwald Jakob lived here. The Jewish cemetery was established in 1850 with the last known burial in 1987. Aschner Lipot is buried in this cemetery. Bar, Babarc (15km away) and Verserd (15km away) used this unlandmarked Neolog cemetery. The flat isolated suburban site has no signs except for Jewish symbols on the gate or wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, a continuous masonry wall with a locked gate (key is held by caretaker) surrounds it. The 0.66-hectare cemetery has 100-500 gravestones all apparently in original location. 25%-50% of the surviving stones are toppled or broken. Some stones have been moved to unknown locations. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem limiting access. Gravestones date from 1875-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or double tombstones have Hebrew, Hungarian, and Serbian inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. There are special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns this Jewish cemetery. Adjacent land is agricultural and residences. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Frequently, private visitors and local residents visit. Relatively recent acts of vandalism [1990] required re-erection of stones. Jewish groups within Hungary cleared vegetation and renovated of a pre-burial house with tahara (table) and wall inscriptions in 1991. No vandalism occurred since restoration. There is a regular caretaker who is provided with official quarters. There is an ohel and a well. Vandalism remains the only significant threat. Peter Tamas and Peter Wirth completed this survey on 10/20/93 based on a visit in April 1991.

MONOR:
Cemetery exists. Source: Leon Joseph; ljoseph@pipeline.com information from Peter Rosta (formerly Rosinger)

MUKACHEVO:
Subcarpathian Ruthenia, now the southwest area of the Ukraine. Formerly part of "greater" Hungary. Alternate name: Munkacs in Hungarian.
http://www.jewishgen.org/hungary/Data/new_mukachevo.htm lists cemetery burials. [January 2001]
www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Mukachevo is Munkacs ShtetLink. [January 2001]

MUNKACS:
see MUKACHEVO

N

NAGYATA'D:
On March 1, 2000, the Hungarian commercial channel "TV2" reported that the cemetery of Nagyata'd (SW Hungary, county Somogy, at about 17°25' 46°10) was vandalized. In the last 1.5 months, kids around the age of 14 vandalized 106 stones, 70 % of all. They demolished and broke the stones, opened burial vaults, took out bones, broke them and tried to burn them. Police officials said the kids had no anti-Semitic motivation. Source: Verő" Gyurgy; gyuroveri@freemail.hu

NAGYHALASZ: US Commission No. 000047
Located: Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg at 48°08 and 21°46 on Malom ut 28, 20km from Nyiregyhaza. Population is 5000-25,000 with less than ten Jews.
     Pre-WWII Jewish population was 312. The cemetery was established in 19th century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial in 1947. Reb Schefrein Marton is buried here. No other towns used this cemetery.The flat suburban site, separate but near other cemeteries, has by a broken fence with ocking gate but no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. 20-100 gravestones are in cemetery, regardless of condition or position. 25%-50% of the surviving stones are toppled or broken; no mass graves exist. Before WWII and current size is 0.40 hectares. Special sections are for Cohanim, children and wealthy men. Jewish individuals within Hungary carried out restoration in 1980. The national Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. The caretaker is unpaid. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Security (uncontrolled access), weather erosionand vegetation are moderate or slight threats. Riczu Zoltan of Nyiregyhaza, Vasvari ut 74 visited and completed the survey on 10/21/91. Weisz Ferenc and Csaszar Andras were interviewed on 21/Oct/1991.
       UPDATE: Heritage Foundation for Preservation of Jewish Cemeteries (HFPJC) reports that Nagyhalasz was home to a modest Jewish Community prior to WWII. In 1997, the cemetery was insatisfactory condition; the grass neatly cut, the tombstones all upright, and a wire fence surrounding the plot. In 2001, doors were open and the fence falling apart. Many tombstones were toppled and/or broken. A pack of stray dogs warded off visitors. The caretaker had died. The cemetery was severely neglected. Someone cleared one patch of ground to plant corn.
     HFPJC procured a survey outlining the original boundaries of the cemetery and made the necessary arrangements. Currently, materials are being delivered and in the coming days resoration will include a sturdy, concrete fence to prevent public access. The fallen tombstones will be re-erected. A recent photo of the partial cemetery can be seen at Viewmate http://data.jewishgen.org/ViewMate/ALL/viewmateview.asp?key=4032. Source: Toby Mendlowitz, Assistant Director HFPJC, hfpjc@thejnet.com or gen@jewishcemeterypreservation.org, 800-945-1552. [April 2004]
NAGYHALASZ II:
Actually, there are two cemeteries in Nagyhalasz. Apparently, the second cemetery is a bare, unenclosed field. Source: Toby Mendlowitz, Assistant Director HFPJC, hfpjc@thejnet.com or gen@jewishcemeterypreservation.org, 800-945-1552. [April 2004]
UPDATE: The erection of a concrete, durable fence was completed in June. Restoration of cemetery proper (i.e. recement/up right tombstones, clear grounds, darken/rewrite illegible headstone texts) in process. Source: Toby Mendlowitz, Assistant Director. HFPJC, hfpjc@thejnet.com or gen@jewishcemeterypreservation.org, [July 2004]

NAGY KANIZSA:
Or NAGYKANIZSA, Alternate German name: GROSS KANIZSA.

  The local Jewish community was given a plot for the Jewish cemetery by Count Batthyány in 1784. The cemetery began operating in 1796. In 1860, the site was taken to build the Railway Station so the cemetery was completely moved (with the old tombstones) to the current site on the west side of Ady Endre utca, about 1.5 km south from the city central square. The GPS location is 462640N165912E. The cemetery is well-marked from the road and has a large neoclassical ceremonial hall and office at the entrance. This hall was built about 1880-90 and was based on the plans of Architect Ludwig Schöne of Vienna. The tree-shaded cemetery, about 2.3 hectares in size, is very well-tended, surrounded by a high wall, and has a locked gate. The cemetery contains Holocaust memorials, numerous black marble obelisks, and many nineteenth-century tombs. It is open Sunday thru Friday, 8 am to 4:30 pm and closed Saturdays. E-mail contact in Hungarian: Ibolya Levai at levaip-at-chello.hu , in English: Orsolya Levai at orsi0605-at-yahoo.com . Local telephone contact: (only in Hungarian): +36_93_316036 or +36 30 3852503 (mobile). The cemetery is organized in 29 Sections, and with about 200 grave sites per Section on the average; has a total of about 6,000 grave sites. There exist diagrams of each Section, prepared in 1947, on large sheets of paper. Copies of the diagrams are in the cemetery office. These Section diagrams have Names (Surname and Given name, but NO dates) entered in grave locations and identified by Row and Grave Number.

Photo coverage of the cemetery can be seen at http://ezwieback.com/NagykanizsaCemetery/index.html.

Burial Names Book: Alphabetisch-Geordnetes Namen-Verzeichniss der israelitischen Friedhoefe zu Gross Kanizsa Verstorben, geht zum Jahre 1865 (Alphabetically arranged names index of those resting in the Gross Kanizsa Jewish cemetery until 1865), by Chevra Kadisha NagyKanizsa. NagyKanizsa, 1865, 46 pages, German and Hebrew. S59B1533. Notes: 711 names, 1780-1865. Source: Tagger, Mathilde. Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography. Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997. 

Source: Ed Zwieback, Long Beach, CA and Orsi Levai, Budapest [May 2007]



NAGYKOROS: US Commission No. 000035
Nagykoros is located in Pest at 47°02' 19°47', 17km from Kecskemet. Cemetery: Milces Kelemen utca 3. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with 10-100 Jews.
     1941 Jewish population (census) was 470. In 1911, an earthquake effected the area. First Rabbi (from 1802) Mandel Farkas and Neufeld Wolf lived here. The Jewish cemetery was established in 18th century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial in 1991. Nyarsapak (8km away) used this cemetery. The flat, isolated suburban area has a sign in Hungarian. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access open to all via a continuous fence and locked gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1.72 hectares. 500 and 5000 gravestones, none original location with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 18th century. The marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments, have Hebrew, Yiddish, German, and Russian inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial mounuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves. The property is used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are Protestant cemetery and waste dump. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery is visited frequently and not known to have been vandalized. . Jewish groups within Hungary re-erected and cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate during regular care. Nagykoros Jewish Congregation pays the regular caretaker. Within the limits of the cemetery are a pre-burial house with a tahara (table), wall inscriptions, a chimney, an ohel, and a well. Security (uncontrolled access), weather, erosion, pollution, and vegetation are moderate threats. Feldmeyer Peter of Nagykoros Losonci u.3., ph: 2050981 and Tamas Peter completed this survey on 1/11/91. M.ZS.L (Hungarian Jewish Encyclopedia) Orban was used for reference. The site was not visited.

NAGYKORU:
On the river Tisza in Szolnok Province Hungary. Source: Leon Joseph; ljoseph@pipeline.com information from Peter Rosta (formerly Rosinger)

NAGY-MARTON:
BOOK: Grab-juedische Symbole in Grab und Friedhof der Gegenwart by Hirzel, S. (Jewish graves symbols in Grave and cemetery in the present times by S. Hirzel), by M. Gruenwald. Munich, 1927. Pages 36-44, German. 36C1443. Notes: 1 tombstone photo, tombstone art analysis. Source: Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography". Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997 by Mathilde Tagger.

NAGYVARAD: See Oradea, Romania
NAGYTETENY: See Budapest

NAGYVAZSONY: US Commission No. 000063
Nagyvazsony is located in Veszprem at 46°59' 22°17', 22km from Veszprem. Cemetery: at W side of the village, S of Tapolca Road (land record hrsz. 295). Present town population is between 1,000 and 5,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 46. The last known " Congressional "Jewish burial was about 1947. The isolated rural/agricultural area hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a private road, access open to all via a broken masonry wall and no gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.30 hectares. No known mass graves or structures exist in cemetery. 20 and 100 gravestones, 50%-75% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or common gravestones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The national Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery was vandalized during World War II and frequently in the last ten years. Jewish individuals abroad cleared vegetation and cut trees for wood in 1990. There has not been vandalism since restoration but no current care. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are very serious threat. Weather erosion is serious threat. Pollution is slight threat. Vegetation is moderate threat. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/17/91 using M.ZS.L. (Jewish Encylopedia of Hungary). He visited site on 21/10/1991. Interviewed was Raba Jozsefne on 21/10/1991 at Nagyvazsony, Kossuth u. 39.

NOGR County: http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4

NYAREGYHAZA: See Pilis
NYARSAPAK: See Nagykoros

NYIRBOGAT: (I) US Commission No. 000048
Nyirbogat (I) is located in Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, (47°48 22°04), 7km from Nyirbator. Cemetery: on Kossuth Utca. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     Jewish population (census) before World War II was 322. The Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century with last known Jewish burial pre-WWII. The Hasidic Orthodox community used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated urban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a continuous fence and locked gate. The size of cemetery is 0.15 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, 1-20 not in original location and 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem that prevents access. The marble, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The national Jewish community owns the still-active cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential. Boundaries were smaller than in 1939 because of housing development. The cemetery is visited rarely and was vandalized occasionally in the last ten years. Jewish individuals abroad cleared vegetation, fixed wall and gate in 1983. It is occasionally cleared or cleaned by individuals. No current threat to cemetery. Peter Wirth completed survey on 11/12/91. No documentation was used. He visited site on 06/12/1991. Kovacs Istvan was interviewed on 06/12/1991 at Nyirbogat.
NYIRBOGAT: (II) US Commission No. 000049
     Cemetery: at Batthyany utca. The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 322.The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial pre-WWII. The isolated urban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private property, access is open with permission via a broken fence with no gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.19 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, less than 25% are toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem that prevents access. The limestone and sandstone-flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew inscriptions. No known mass graves or structures exist. The national Jewish community owns property used for agriculture (crops or animal grazing). Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. The cemetery is visited rarely. The cemetery has been vandalized occasionally in the last ten years. Local non-Jewish residents carried cleared vegetation. There is no current threat to cemetery. Peter Wirth completed survey on 11/12/91. No documentation was used. He visited site on 06/12/1991. Kovacs Istoan was interviewed on 06/12/1991 at Nyirbogat.

NYIR KARAS:
The cemetery has been restored with the help of the US Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad. Source: Bulletin vol.2, issue 1.

NYIRKATA: US Commission No. 000050
Nyirkata is located in Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, (47°52' 22°16'), 13km from Mateszauca. Cemetery: Csaszati ut. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 137. The last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial was pre-WWI. The unlandmarked suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a continuous fence with locked gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.25 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, 25% are toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or sculpted monuments have Hebrew inscriptions. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures or mass graves. The owner of the still-active cemetery is unknown. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish individuals abroad re-erected stones, patched broken stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate. Weather erosion is serious threat. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/12/91. No documentation was used. He visited site on 06/12/1991. The Horvath family was interviewed.
NYIRMADA:
Have photographs: Lynn Golumbic; e-mail: lynng@escmed.com

NYIRMEGGYES: US Commission No. 000051
Nyirmeggyes is located in Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg (47°55 22°16), 6km from Mateszalka. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 139. The 19th century Hasidic Orthodox Jewish cemetery's last known burial was pre-WWII. The flat isolated suburban cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via broken fence and gate with no lock. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.33 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water damage are seasonal problems. The marble, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. Some tombstones have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims, but no known mass graves or structures. The national Jewish community owns site. The unused cemetery portion is now used for crops. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally in the last ten years. Local non-Jewish residents do occasional clearing or cleaning. No current threats except weather erosion that is very serious. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/12/91. He visited site on 06/12/1991.

O

OEDENBUTG: see Sopron

OLASZLISZKA: US Commission No. 000015
Location: Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°15' 21°26', 50km from Miskolc. Cemetery is at Belsokocsord utca 27.
     Last known Bal-Sem-Tov Hasidic Orthodox burial was 1978 with earliest in 1850. The isolated hillside by water has Jewish symbols on locked gate in surrounding wall. Open to public. Size before WWII and now: 0.49 hectares.100-500 stones, 25%-50% toppled or broken, are in situ. Drainage is seasonal problem. Special sections exist for rabbis and Cohanim. The marble, limestone, or sandstone finely inscribed to plain tombstones have Hebrew and HungarianiInscriptions. No known mass graves exist. Owner is national Jewish community with same boundaries since 1939. Ohel is on grounds. Neighborhood is slum and a serious threat. Survey: Lowry Lajos of Tokaj, rakoozi ut 41 on 11/14/91. Documentaion(s) used Ruth Gruber: Jewish Heritage Travel; Wirth: itt van elrejtve; Orban; M.Zs.L; Zemplen Zsidosaganak tortenete, Toronto, 1986. Site survey: 11/03/91.

P-Q

PAP: US Commission No. 000052
Located outside of Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, 48°13' 22°9', 5km from Kisvarda. Part of public cemetery (land record 13812.hrsz.).
     Established in 19th century, the last known Hasidic Orthodox burial in 1942, the agricultural hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Size before WWII and now is 0.26 hectares. 1-20 stones, some with traces of painting, have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions but n known mass graves. Owner is national Jewish community. Used only as cemetery. Security and erosion is serious threat. Survey: Riczu Zoltan of Nyiregyhaza, Vasvari ut 74 on 1/11/91. Site survey: 05/09/1990 and 01/11/1991; interviews with village officials: 01/11/91 on site.
       UPDATE: Entire cemetery enclosed and restored. Source: Toby Mendlowitz. Asstant Director HFPJC hfpjc@thejnet.com [November 2004]

PATY: see Budapest

PECS: US Commission No. 000010
Alternate name: Funfkirchen in German. In Baranya at 46°05' 18°14', 198km from Budapest. Cemetery: on Sziv utca 2.
     Noteworthy Jew buried here was Perls Armin, Rabbi (1914). Last known Neolog Jewish burial was 1991. Orfu, Kozar, and Pellerd used this cemetery. The isolated urban area has inscriptions on pre-burial house and Jewish symbols on locked gate or continuous masonry wall. Size before WWII-3.00 hectares, now-2.94 hectares. 500-5000 stones, in original position with less than 25% toppled or broken, have Hebrew, Yiddish, German and Hungarian inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. Special section was for children. Oldest stone is 1830. Memorial mounuments to Holocaust victims exist but no known mass graves. Owner is local Jewish community. Properties adjacent are commercial or industrial and residential. A pre-burial house with tahara (table), wall inscriptions, and an ohel are in cemetery. Survey: Peter Wirth on 12/10/91. Documentation: M.Zs.L (land record); Cserlcuti Adolf: Olz elso pecsi Zsidok; Wallenstein Zoltan: Adalekok a pecsi izr. hitkozseg totlenetehoz (1926); Weisz Gabor: A pecsi Zsidok. Site survey: 12/06/91.

PENYIGE: Szatmar-Szabolcs County
The untended cemetery has had no known burials since the Holocaust. The site has probably less than 100 burials. Source: Eliezer Froehlich, Corvallis, OR: defro@peak.org

PEST County:
http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4

PILIS: US Commission No. 000036
Pilis is located in Pest, (47°17' 19°33'), 45km from Budapest. Cemetery: near the center, Kavai utca. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 136. The Jewish cemetery was established at end of 19th century with last known Neolog Jewish burial 1939. Danszentmuklos and Nyaregyhaza (both 18km away) used this cemetery. The isolated flat urban site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence or gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.08 hectares. 1-20 gravestones, none in original location and 50-75% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem. The limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Owned by the national Jewish community, it is still in use. Adjacent properties are residential. Cemetery boundaries are unchanged since 1939. The cemetery was vandalized frequently in the last ten years, but not since Jewish groups within Hungary did restoration in 1990. Occasional cleared or cleaning by authorities. Security and vandalism is very serious threat. Incompatible nearby development is moderate threat. Peter Tamas completed the survey on 5/11/91. He visited site on 20/08/1991. Interviewed were Zoltai Gusztav on 05/11/1991 at MAZSIHISZ.

R

RAJKA:
Key for the padlock of the cemetery door is at the town Archives. There are maybe 50 or so stones, all in Hebrew but weathered very badly. Few are readable. There are no Jews in the town, but one stone had rocks on it that may mean someone does visit. No real indication of vandalism either. Source: Robert S. Kornspan, 949 Greenmont Ct., Port Orange, FL 32127; bobK823@aol.com

RAKOSKERESZTURI:
This Orthodox cemetery outside Budapest has a keeper. The headstones are weathered. The sections are for rabbis and for children. Source wishes to remain anonymous. [Updated May 2004]

S

SAJOSZENTPETER: {10956}
19 tombstones are listed. Photographs: Lynn Golumbic: lynng@escmed.com

SAROSPATAK: US Commission No. 000016
Sarospatak is located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°19' 21°35', 15km SW of Satoraljaujhely and about 125 mi. NE of Budapest. Cemetery: near Highway No. 37. (Land record 37.hrsz.) Present population is 5,000-25,000, with less than 10 Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 1096. In the 1848 Freedom War, the Jewish Elders saved the town from Russian invaders. First Rabbi was Szinyover Hirsch and Rabbis: Schaltin Simon (1837-64), Beiron Jesajo, Ehrenfeld Jesajo are buried here. The Jewish cemetery was established end of 18th century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial 1950. Bodroghavarz, Vegardo (15km away) and Hercegkut, Karoly Falva (15km away) used this cemetery. The isolated and flat suburban cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and unlocked gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.64 hectares. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original position and 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 1780-20th century. The marble, granite and limestone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house. Vegetation overgrowth, drainage, and weather erosion are problems. Pollution is moderate threat. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are residential. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Jewish individuals within Hungary and abroad carried out restoration with no vandalism since. Care now is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Lowry Lajos completed the survey on 1/27/92. Documentation: M.ZS.L; Wirth; Orban. He visited site on 01/27/92.      Photographs: Lynn Golumbic: lynng@escmed.com

SASTIN: (old name) see Sastin-Straze

SASTIN-STRAZE: Alternate name: Sastin (old name). In 1995, I saw the synagogue, which is about two blocks from the main square, in a terrible state of disrepair. The front door is padlocked, but windows have been broken out. The outer walls are starting to crumble in places. Source: Don Havlicek, Connersville, IN; n8de@thepoint.net

SARTORALJAUJHELY: Zemplin County Borsod-Abauj, Zemplen County, Zemplen Region. County capital is Miskolc about 80 km away. Current population: 22,300 with no current Jewish population.
     According to the last census before World War II, the population was 4,200 but 12,300 Jews were deported from the entire Zemplen territory. Deportation to the ghetto began in April 1944. Rabbi Moses Teitelbaum family, Landau family, Deutch family, Rabbi of Beled, and Lauder family lived and are buried here. The last known Jewish burial in cemetery was in the summer of 1997 (Gabor Gottlieb). Other communities from other towns and villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The urban/suburban hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, has a sign in Hebrew, Hebrew on gate/wall, and inscriptions on pre-burial house mentioning the Jewish Community. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a broken masonry wall, a broken fence, trees and bushes, and locking gate. Approximate size of the cemetery before World War II and now is 2 hectares. Approximately 5,000 gravestones are in the cemetery, regardless of condition or position with 3,000 in original location. 90% is toppled or broken, with 10% removed from the cemetery. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem preventing access. Water drainage may be a seasonal problem. If the cemetery is divided into special sections is impossible to determine because the register is lost. The gravestone date from 1841-19th century. The marble, granite, limestone, sandstone, slate, and iron finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks have Hebrew, Yiddish, and Hungarian inscriptions. Some tombstones have metal fences around graves. No known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns cemetery. Properties adjacent are residential and, on one side, the Catholic cemetery. Compared to 1939, the cemetery boundaries enclose the same area. Rrivate visitors (Jewish or non-Jewish) visit rarely. The cemetery was vandalized frequently in the last ten years. Past care: cleaned stones, vegetation cleared, and fixed of gate. The City Protection Association had the preburial house "redecorated in 1994", probably meaning reconstructed. [Note: Evidence of restuccoing without paint exists in photos.] Current Care: occasional cleared or cleaning by individuals. Caretaker is not paid. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial with wall inscriptions. About 75% of the area is unprotected (without a fence) so uncontrolled access is a very serious threat. Weather erosion is a serious threat. Vandalism is a very serious threat. Margit Pauleczki, 25 Dozsa Gy. Street, Tolcsva H-3934, Secretary of the City Protection Association at 2 Dozsa Gy. Street, Satoraljaujhely H-3980, Hungary and Laszlo TARR, 62 Majuskut Street, Satoraljaujhely H-3980, Tel. 36-47/321-029 visited on 2 May 1999 and are regular visitors to the cemetery. Theodore Fendrich supplied the completed survey. He visited the site and has photographs: tombstones of Efraim Fisher, Lukacs Sandorme, and Ester bat Shaul.
       UPDATE: The cemetery had been completely cleaned and cleared of overgrowth and weeds that obscured hundreds of tombstones amd impeded entry. Plans include restoration of the majority of the 3048 broken/toppled/sunken gravestones, prpper enclosure of the currently unprotected sections, negotiate with underground winery to resolve problem caused by number of crater-like holes, and number photograph the markers for subsequent cataloguing. Source: Toby Mendlowitz. Asstant Director HFPJC hfpjc@thejnet.cop [November 2004]
SATORALJAUJHELY (I): US Commission No. 000017
Alternate name: also called Ujhely (Hung). Satoraljaujhely (I) is located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°24' 21°40, 75km from Miskolc. 134.7 miles ENE of Budapest. Cemetery: along Highway No. 37 running through the town by the tobacco factory. Present population is 25,000-100,000; Jewish population is 10-100.
     The 1941 Jewish population was 4,027. After 1886, the original Orthodox community divided into Orthodox and Hasidic branches. Living here were Rabbi Naftali Hirsch and Rebs Ismach Majse Teitelbaum (1759-1841), Low Jeremias, Low Eleazar, Weisz Kalman, Roth Samuel, Dick Hermann, and Engel Yozsef. The regional and national landmark Jewish cemetery was established in 1780 with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial in 19th century. Teitelbaum Mozes and Alexander (Rabbi from Komarom) are buried here. The isolated urban hillside has a sign in Hebrew and inscriptions in Hebrew on gate or wall mark the cemetery. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous fence with a locked gate. 20-100 gravestones, 50-75% toppled or broken, date from 18th-19th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks, some with traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves, have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. There is an ohel. The local Jewish community owns and still uses the cemetery. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial. Jewish individuals and Jewish groups abroad cleared vegetation and fixed walls and gate in 1985-86. There has been no vandalism since restoration. Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays the regular caretaker. Weather erosion and pollution are very serious threats. Lowry Lajos completed the survey on 1/27/92. The following documentation(s) was used: M.ZS.L.; Orban; Gruber.
     UPDATE: One of my relatives just visited the local Jewish cemetery. He was amazed to discover that it is quite large and in reasonable shape. Although many tombstones fell down, still the majority is in place. Several are worn out and very difficult to read. Since this community was largely composed of Orthodox Jews, a significant number of engravings are in Hebrew only. You will need boots to walk through because weeds grew high. The cemetery has a local keeper. The list of graves was lost so the search could be quite time consuming. [January 2004]
SATORALJAUJHELY (II): US Commission No. 000018
Cemetery: northern end of Kazinczy Street (Land record # 3275 hrsz).
Interested also is Kecsmar Gabor of Satoraljaujhely Kazinczy u.91.
     The Jewish cemetery was established in 1870. The Jewish community was "Statusquo". The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has a sign in Hebrew mentioning Jews. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall with a gate (no lock). Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 2.69 hectares. 500-5000 gravestones, 20-100 not in original location and 50-75% toppled or broken, date from 1880-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water damage are a constant problem. Special sections exist for men, women and rabbis. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration and multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. The pre-burial house has a tahara (table), wall inscriptions, and a chimney. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are agricultural and cemetery. Occasionally, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups, organized individual tours and private visitors visit. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally in the last ten years. Jewish individuals within Hungary carried out restoration. Care now is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Security (uncontrolled access) is serious threat. Weather erosion, pollution, and vegetation are moderate threats. Lowy Lajos completed survey on 1/28/92 using M.ZS.L; Orban; Wirth. Kecmar Gabor at Satoraljaujhely at Kazinczy utca 91 was interviewed.

SASVAR: (Hungarian) see Sastin-Straze

SIOFOK:
Located at 4654 1803, 63.8 miles SW of Budapest, the present population is 25,000 - 100,000 with fewer than 100 Jews.       The Jewish community in Siofok dates from 1850. Jewish population as of last census before World War II was 3,000.Noteworthy individual who lived in this landmarked Jewish community was Kalman Emeric (opera singer). Date Jewish cemetery was established in1860. Date of last known Jewish burial in this Orthodox (Sephardic and Hasidic) cemetery is 2002.
      The suburban cemetery on flat land has no sign or marker. The cemetery is reached by turning directly off a public road Access to the cemetery is open to all via a broken fence and a gate that does not lock. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II was 2000 sq meters.
      100 to 500 gravestones are in original location with 20 to 100 not in original location. More than 75% of surviving stones are toppled or broken. The location of stones that have been removed from the cemetery is not known. All have been catalogued and photographed.
      Vegetation overgrowth in the cemetery is a constant problem, disturbing and damaging stones. Water drainage is a seasonal problem. No special sections. The oldest grave dates from 1850. The marble and granite tombstones and memorial markers are] flat stones with carved relief decoration and double tombstones, some with traces of painting on their surfaces. Inscriptions on tombstones are in Hebrew and Hungarian. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims. No known mass graves
The national Jewish community and the municipality own the site used for Jewish cemetery only. Properties adjacent to cemetery are agricultural and residential. The cemetery is visited frequently by private visitors (Jewish or non-Jewish) and local residents. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally, between 1981 and 1991. Care has been taken of the cemetery includes cleaning stones, clearing vegetation, and gate repair.
      Responsible for the work was a Netantya childrens project in 1994. Vandalism has occurred since. Current care is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals and a caretaker paid by the Jewish Congregation of Budapest. Only structure within the cemetery is the tomb of the Bruk family.
      Zeev Oren at zeev@biltiformali.org.il completed this survey on March 2004 using Jews of Siofok by Machico Sebastian Joseph. Oren visited in 2003. NOTE: Netanya and Siofok are twin cities, but Netanya is unable to help financially. Contact Zeev Oren for more information and to discuss restoration work for the site. The sum of about $4-5000 is needed to carry out basic repair work. [March 2004]

SOPRON:
Alternate name: Oedenburg. The restored Sopron synagogue is a Jewish Museum operated by the government. Nearby tombstones reveal that Jews had settled here about 650 A.D. Source: Freedman, Warren. World Guide for the Jewish Traveler.. NY: E.P. Dutton Inc, 1984. BOOK: Magyarosz gi zsid˘ feliratok (Jewish inscriptions in Hungary), by A. Scheiber. Budapest, 1960. 365 pages, illustrated, Hungarian. 61B144. Notes: 114 tombstones (not complete), 1278-1683, some biographies, chronological index, index of museums possessing the stones, index of houses from which stones have been excavated, personal names index. Source: Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography. Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997 by Mathilde Tagger.

SEPSISZENTGORGY:
Alternate name: Sf. Gheorghe. See http://www.cosys.ro/acta/cikkek/eng/demeter1.htm Located S of Protestant cemetery. The cemetery was used between mid-1800s-1930s. Inscriptions are in Hebrew, German, and Hungarian.

STRAZE: (old name) see Sastin-Straze
SUMEG: See Tapolca

SZENTES:
  In 1999, I visited a small (a few thousand burial sites) in Szentes, Hungary. The gated cemetery was maintained by a stonecutter and his wife. Szentes had a synagogue that was torn down for the town library some years ago. Some of the birth, death, and marriage books have been preserved and are kept at a large building that was once the preburial chamber for the cemetery. The cemetery has some modest gravestones and some rather elaborate sites. Most of the cemetery was overgrown with ivy. Source: Andrew Hegedus andyheg@charter.net [September 2005]

SZAKCS: US Commission No. 000054
Szakcs is located in Tolna at 46°33' 18°07', 25km from Tamasi. Cemetery: on border of village, along Lapafo-Kocsola Highway. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 37. The Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial 1943. No other villages used this cemetery. The isolated rural forest on flat land has no sign, but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken fence with no gate or lock. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.08 hectares. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem. The cemetery is not divided into special sections. 20-100 gravestones in cemetery, 1-20 not in original location with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1897-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. The cemetery boundaries remain the same as 1939. Restoration in 1991 by local or municipal authorities includes re-erection of stones, cleared vegetation and fence repair. Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays the regular caretaker. Security (uncontrolled access) is the ony serious threat. Peter Tamas completed the survey on 2/9/91. He visited site on 01/09/1991.

SZARVAS:
UPDATE: An effective maintenance plan was negotiated between the HFPJC and some neighbors to ensure the long-time preservation of the restored cemetery. In September. the use of a patch of cemetery grounds for planting will stop. Source: Toby Mendlowitz, Assistant Director. HFPJC, hfpjc@thejnet.com or gen@jewishcemeterypreservation.org, [July 2004]

SZATMAR: Szabolcs County, see Penyige

SZENTANTALFA: US Commission No. 000064
Szentantalfa is located in Veszprem, (46°55' 17°41'), 32km from Veszprem. Cemetery: W of the village (hrsz. 0163- land registration number). Present population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 11. The last known Jewish burial was pre-WWII. The Jewish community was Hasidic Orthodox, Sephardic Orthodox, Conservative, Progressive/Reform, and Neolog. Between fields and woods, the isolated hillside cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private property, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and gate with no lock. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.03 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem. The marble, granite and limestone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. Some tombstones have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are recreational and agricultural. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. There has not been vandalism since restoration. There is no care of the cemetery now. Security (uncontrolled access), weather erosion, and vegetation are serious threats. Peter Wirth completed survey on 11/16/91. He visited site on 22/10/1991.

SZEGED:
"About two hours from Budapest is a magnificent, Moorish design 1,100-seat synagogue built on 1903. A memorial plaque lists its 4,000 members who died in the Holocaust." Source: Freedman, Warren. World Guide for the Jewish Traveler.. NY: E.P. Dutton Inc, 1984.
     The Szeged cemetery is very large and still active. A handwritten list of graves, both names and gravesites, is maintained in the entrance building. It may be the only copy. The recent gravesites are well maintained but the older areas were overgrown [date/]. Szeged municipality is interested in its care and has made some effort to keep it up. The Jewish community of several hundred people is involved and raises money to maintain the two synagoges and old age home. The leader of the community is Andras Lednitsky, the Executive Secretary of the medical school of the University of Szeged. Source: Bob Steiner; Malkadog@aol.com

SZOD: See Vac (II)

SZUGY: US Commission No. 000031
Szugy is located in Nograd (48°02 19°02), 5km from Balassagyarmat. Cemetery: outside the village, near the machine station (019l hrsz. land record). Present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 32. The Jewish cemetery was established end of 19th with last known Neolog Jewish burial 1952. No other towns used this cemetery. The isolated, rural, wooded flat site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all, via a continuous fence with an unlocked gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.18 hectares. 20-100 gravestones, 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 1890. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem. The cemetery is not divided into special sections. Marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves and no structures. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are agricultural with boundaries as 1939. Local non-Jewish residents carried out the restoration in 1991 including re-erection of stones, vegetation cleared, repair of wall and gate. There has not been vandalism since restoration. Authorities clean or clear occasionally. Security (uncontrolled access) is serious threat, vandalism and vegetation is moderate threat. Peter Tamas completed the survey on 7/20/91. He visited site on 18/07/91.

T

TAMASI: US Commission No. 000055
Tamasi is located in Tolna, (46°38 18°17), 40km from Siofok. Cemetery: Pava utca. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with less than 10 Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 211. The Neolog Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century. No other towns used this cemetery. The flat, urban site, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker, no wall, fence, or gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.25 hectares. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original position and 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage is a constant problem. The cemetery is not divided into special sections. The marble, granite and limestone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves or structures. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are residential and cemetery. Boundaries are the same as in 1939. It is visited occasionally. Local or municipal authorities and Jewish individuals abroad re-erected stones and patched broken stones. No current care. Weather erosion is moderate threat; vegetation is serious threat. Peter Wirth and Istvan Klein of Tamasi Czuczor u. 18 ph: 714 13 82 completed the survey on 10/24/91. He visited site on 14/10/1991 and on 22/10/1991.

TAPOLCA: US Commission No. 000065
Tapolca is located in Veszprem (46°53 17°26), 62km from Nagykanizsa. Cemetery: Halapi ut (NE of the center). Present population is 5,000-25,000 with Jewish population under ten.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 706. Rabbis Abraham Neuhaus (1853-81), Mor Rosenstein, and Bernat Singer (1893-1905) lived here. The Jewish cemetery was established in 1840 with last known Neolog Jewish burial in 1992. Sumeg (20km away) used this unlandmarked cemetery. The flat isolated suburban site has inscriptions on the pre-burial house. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a continuous masonry wall and locked. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.42 hectares. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original location with less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem. The cemetery is not divided into special sections. The marble, granite and limestone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones and sculpted monuments have inscriptions are in Hebrew, German and Hungarian. Some have iron decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims, but no known mass graves. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are commercial/industrial and residential. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Jewish groups within Hungary re-erected stones, patched broken stones and cleared vegetation. In 1993, Mazsihisz reerected stones. There has not been vandalism since restoration. Individuals cleared or cleaned. Caretaker is paid. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house with a catafalque and list of Holocaust victims. Security, vandalism, and incompatible development are moderate threats. Peter Wirth completed survey on 8/27/93 using M.ZS.L. (Jewish Encyclopedia of Hungary.) and Mayer Denes: A tapolcai Zsidosag tortenete (manuscript). He visited site on 26/08/1993. Interviewed were Mr and Mrs Kemeny on 26/08/1993 at Tapolca Batsanyi u12.

TARCAL (I): US Commission No. 000019
Located: Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°08' 21°21', 45 km from Miskolc. Cemetery is at Kereszturi ut. (Land record hrsz.245.)
     Established in the 18th century, the cemetery was used by Hasidic Orthodox, Sephardic Orthodox, Conservative, Progressive/Reform, and Neolog. The suburban isolated hillside has no marker but has a broken masonry wall. Size before WWII and now: 0.27 hectares. 20-100 stones are not in original location with 1-20 (25% to 50%) damaged. Location of removed stones is unknown. Drainage is seasonal problem. Gravestones date from 18th through 20th century with Hebrew inscriptions. No known mass graves. Owner is national Jewish community and used as cemetery only. Properties adjacent are agricultural, residential, Neolog cemetery and dump. The same bounderies exist as in 1939. No maintenance or care. There is an ohel. Serious threat: security, erosion. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/20/91 using: Wirth: "ltt van elrejtive". Site survey: 04/10/91. Interview: Lowy Lajos, 04/10/9 at Tokaj.
TARCAL (II): US Commission No. 000020
Cemetery at Kereszturi ut. (land record hrsz.244.) Interested: Lowy Jozsef of Israel, Bnei Brak Haadma Migur 9, Kubus Laszlo of Tarcal Kereszturi ut 24. The last known burial in the 19th century Neolog cemetery was before WWII. The isolated suburban hillside has no marker and is surrounded by a broken masonry wall with locked gate. Key is held by Kubus Laszlo. Size: 0.41 hectares. 20-100 stones exist with 1-20 not in original location and 25%-50% stones damaged. Vegetation (prevents access) and drainage seasonal problems. The 19th and 20th century stones have with paint on surfaces and Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. No known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns Orthodox cemetery. Properties adjacent are agricultural (which reduced cemetery size since 1939). Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays caretaker. Development (existing and planned) is very serious threat. Lowy Lajos of Tokaj, Rakoozi ut 41 and Peter Wirth completed survey on 12/12/91 using: Wirth: Itt van elrejlve. Site survey: 04/10/91 and 05/12/91.

TATA:
The very large cemetery is very much overgrown. The chapel at the entrance evidenced recent roof and gutter replacement. The former caretaker's cottage is now occupied by non-Jews who purchased the property in the 1970's with the provision that they retain the book which shows a list of persons buried there and make it available to anyone who to ask to see it. We were told that the last burial was three years ago. Source: Robert S. Kornspan, 949 Greenmont Ct., Port Orange, FL 32127; bobK823@aol.com[date?]

TATABANYA: {10969}<br>I was in the Tatabanya cemetery and found only 10 graves. Source: Andras Oblath: oblath@mail.datanet.hu

TELKIBANYA:
Borsod Abauj Zemplen County, located 30 km from Satoraljaujhely and 60 km from Miskolc, Telkibanya's current population is about 1200 with no known Jewish population.
     The unmarked site, accessible only through private property, is private property but the previous owners' last name was Bartok (as in Bela Bartok). The property may have been sold or inherited by others. I believe the only (Holocaust) survivor who traces her ancestry to Telkibanya is a Mrs. Foldes, (previously married to a Schwarcz, Sandor?) whose family now lives in the county seat of Miskolc. Jewish population (census) before WWII was maybe 20-25. The last known Neolog Jewish burial in cemetery was probably before1944. The nearest synagogue was in the village of Abaujvar, which had its own cemetery. The abandonned Abaujvar synagogue was (is) located approximately 8 km from Telkibanya. Approximate the number of gravestones in cemetery is 60-100. Inscriptions are probably in Hebrew. The current cemetery property is Jewish cemetery only although previous part is now private property. Weather erosion is a very serious threat. Vegetation is a serious threat. Ernest Krakkai Crawford, 6 Switlik Road, Hamilton Square, New Jersey 08690; (609-586-4597): EKCrawford@worldnetatt.net completed survey on 16 Sep 1999.

TETENY: See Budapest (XXII)

TINNYE:
Tinnye is a small community in Pest province about 30/35 km NNW of Budapest. The cemetery dates to the mid-1600s and is in two sections. The older one was used until about 1880 with 900 to 1000 graves. The newer section, used from about 1870 until as long as Jews still lived there, has about 300 graves. Both sections use the same entrance. The key may be obtained through the mayor of Tinnye, Mr. Bak Laszlo. I do not know the caretaker's name. The cemetery was overgrown with weeds and generally in bad condition, but was cleaned up about six [date?] years ago by a native of Tinnye who was then residing in Brooklyn, New York, and who went to Tinnye for this specific purpose. He also put a fence around the cemetery. Between each two fenceposts is a tablet with the name of a Holocaust victim. Among the persons buried there is Rabbi Rephoel Aharon Knopfler (died 1863) and several of his descendants. I have been told that the "Pinkus" of the Tinnye community is at the museum "Leveltar" in Budapest. This report is based on a conversation with the brother of the person who fixed up the cemetery, with whom I met recently. I have a picture of a new fence around this cemetery. I have copies of some of the headstones at this cemetery. Source: Arthur Levi, 435 Porter Lake Drive, Longmeadow MA 01106, Phone: 413-781-2089, Fax: 413-781-2090 Email: a72levi@map.com

TISZABOG: See Tiszakecske
TISZAKANYAR: See Dombrad

TISZAKECSKE: US Commission No. 000007
Located in Bacs-Kiskun (also called Kecske, Ujkecske) at 46°56 20°06, 35km from Kecskemet.      Established in 19th century, the last known Hasidic Orthodox burial was 1963. Tiszabog is an isolated urban area with no marker, wall, or fence. Size before WWII was 0.12 hectares, now -0.07. 100-500 stones exist with 1-20 not in original location and 25%-50% damaged. Drainage is a seasonal problem. 19th and 20th century tombstones, some with painting on stones, have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions but no known mass graves. Owned by the national Jewish community, the site is cemetery and residential. Boundaries are smaller than in 1939 because of housing development. Serious threat: security, vegetation. Peter Tamas completed survey on 7/6/91. Site survey: 07/05/91.

TISZALKARAD: See Tokaj (I)

TISZASZENTMARTON:
Located at 4823 2214, 157.9 miles ENE of Budapest.

    ilebovits@hotmail.com reports: Last summer I visited Tiszaszentmarton, Hungary, a small town on the border with Ukraine. The condition of that cemetery was very poor, like there was never anything there besides some trees and overgrown grass. Some houses are being built around the site. The entire Cemetery seems to in danger of being built on if nothing is done to preserve this area. I saw a handful of tombstones laying around half buried beneath sand and dirt.I would like to erect the tombstones and build a gate around that area. About 45 tombstones are visible. [February 2005]


TOKAJ:
BOOK: Itt van Elrejive: Tokaj-Hegyaljai zsido temtok (Here lays: The Jewish cemeteries in the region of Tokaj-Hegyaljai [Hungary}), by O. Wirth. Budapest, 1988. 157 pages, chiefly illustrated, Hungarian. S86B1637. Notes: inscription photographs (some readable), region Jewish history, men index: 32 personal names (2: + family names), Women index: 20 personal names (2: + family names).
Source: Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography. Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997 by Mathilde Tagger TOKAJ (I): US Commission No. 000021
Located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°07' 21°25', 30 km from Nyiregyhaza. Cemetery is at Sziget (Island); Land record hrsz 605.
Noteworthy Jews buried are David Schmoll and unknown builder of first synagogue. Last known Hasidic Orthodox burial was 1925. Tiszalkarad and Lowy (40km away) used the national monumument site, reg. no. 1468. The isolated rural forest area by water has no marker. Cemetery, reached by boat on river Bodrog, has broken masonry wall and locked gate, Size before WWII was 0.30 hectares, now-0.28. 100-500 stones are in original location with 20-100, not in original location. 25%-50% are damaged. Drainage is a constant problem. Special sections exist for men, women and rabbis. Oldest known stone is 1799-20th century. Inscriptions are Hebrew, German and Hungarian. No known mass graves. Local Jewish community owns site used for cemetery and residences. Adjacent property is residential. Boundaries smaller than in 1939 because of floods. Jewish survivors pay caretaker. Serious threat: Floods. Peter Wirth completed survey on 11/20/91 using M.zS.L; Itt van elrejtve; Meir Sas: Vanished Communities in Hungary. Site survey: 03/11/91. Interview: Lowy Lajos at Tokaj, Rakoozi ut 41.
TOKAJ (II): US Commission No. 000022
Cemetery: Bodrogkereszturi ut 8. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with less than 10 Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 959. First Rabbi was Gabriel Jakob Szenditz (died 1868) and then Rabbi Schuck David (died 1899). The Jewish cemetery was established in 1871. Rabbis Schuck David, Fanfeder and Strasser Akkiba are buried here. The last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial was 1991. No other towns used this isolated suburban hillside site with a sign in Hungarian: "The Bestower." Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.34 hectares. 500-5000 gravestones, 1-20 not in original location and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1871-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage are constant problems. Special sections exist for men and women. The marble, limestone and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration, have Hebrew, German and Hungarian inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery are a pre-burial house, an ohel, and a well. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent properties are commercial/industrial, agricultural and residential. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Occasionally, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimage groups, organized individual tours and private visitors stop. Jewish individuals within Hungary and abroad re-erected stones, patched broken stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate in 1986. Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays the regular caretaker. Weather erosion is very serious threat. Water run off from hill is destroying graves. Lowy Lajos of Tokaj, Rakoozi ut 41 and Peter Wirth completed the survey on 10/28/91 using Zelenak Istvan: Zsido enileket Tokajbol; Wirth Peter: itt van elrejtve. They visited site on 28/10/91.
     UPDATE: Alternate names: Tokay. Cemetery location: Botradkereztur Street, Tokaj, in Bodrogko County? at 48°07' 21°25', about 50 km. ENE of Miskolc. 1999 Jewish population is about 10. --Interested: Mr. Levi, who has the cemetery key and can be contacted from the bar near the synagogue.
     The last known Orthodox Jewish burial was 1990/91. Nearby towns used the cemetery. The suburban hillside, near a residential area, has Jewish symbols on wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission. Vegetation overgrowth is minimal but a few trees have grown large. Diane Goldman, 4977 Battery Lane, Bethesda MD 20814 (dgoldman@erols.com) visited the site on 2 August 1998 and completed the survey on 1 March 1999.
    UPDATE: In May 2003 after visiting Tokaj, Hungary, we were taken to a vineyard/winery for lunch. The owner, Tamas Dusoczky, bought this vineyard/winery in Tokaj after the Communists were driven out of power in Hungary. He found an overgrown Jewish cemetery on the property. He cleaned the cemetery and tells visitors to his winery about it. Although he is not Jewish, he said he would like to be buried there himself. The winery seemed to be in the countryside and not close to any town and yet there seemed to be a fair number of graves in it (I thought forty, my wife says twenty). There was one newer stone, a low marker between to other grvestones with the date "1944" on it. On the top left was the inscription "Nagymama (?grandmother?) 1857-1935. On the top right was "Nagypapa (?grandfather?) 1856-1911. In the center was "SOA 1944" At the bottom was "Csillag Csalad" (?Csillag family?). If you want the pictures we took of the gravestones contact us at ewilson4@rochester.rr.com. Doris and Bob Wilson, Rochester, NY, ewilson4@rochester.rr.com [July 2003]

TOKAY:
(Hungarian) see Tokaj

TOLCSVA: US Commission No. 000023
Tolcsva is located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48°17' 21°27', 50km from Miskolc. Cemetery: rear of Christian cemetery, along the road to Erdohorvati. Present population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 481. First Rabbi was Mose David. The Jewish cemetery was established in 1770 with last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial pre-WWII. No other towns used this cemetery. The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall with no gate or lock. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.42 hectares. 100-500 gravestones, 50-75% toppled or broken, date from 18th-20th centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage are constant problems. The marble, limestone and sandstone, some with traces of paint on their surfaces, have Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves, but has an ohel. The local Jewish community owns site. Adjacent properties are agricultural and cemetery. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally in the last ten years with no maintenance or care. Security, weather erosion, and vegetation are serious threats. Vandalism is a moderate threat. Lowry Lajos and Peter Wirth completed survey on 9/12/91 using Wirth: itt van elrejtve. He visited site on 09/12/91.

TOLNA County:
http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4

http://www.geocities.com/tolnajews [January 2001]

U

UJFEHERTO:
http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/Ujfeherto/index.htm [October 2000]


       UPDATE: Cemetery grounds were cleaned. Hundreds of gravestones in preparation for restoration. Source: Toby Mendlowitz. Asstant Director HFPJC hfpjc@thejnet.com [November 2004] UJHELY: See Satoraljaujhely (I) (II)

V

VAC (I): US Commission No. 000037
Vac (I) is located in Pest at 44°47 19°08, 34km from Budapest. Cemetery: Szent Mihaly ut. Present population is 25,000-100,000, with less than 10 Jews.
     The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 1934. See Vac (II) for town history. The Jewish cemetery was established in 19th century. Rabbi Siulberstein Josua and Rabbi Lowinger Mozes (died 1877) are buried here. The last known Hasidic Orthodox Jewish burial was 1991. God, Szod (15km away) also used site. The flat urban area, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and gate with lock. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.82 hectares. 100- 500 gravestones, 25-50% toppled or broken, dates from 1877-20th centuries Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem that prevents access. Special sections exist for men, women, rabbis, Cohanim and suicides. The marble, granite and limestone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration, some with traces of painting on their surfaces, have inscriptions in Hebrew, German and Hungarian. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. The owner of the still-active cemetery is the local Jewish community. Adjacent properties are residential and cemetery. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Jewish individuals within Hungary and abroad re-erected stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate in 1989-91 with no vandalism since restoration. There is a regular caretaker. Pollution, vandalism, and vegetation are moderate threats. Dr Keri Lajos of Budapest V and Nyary Pal of utca 5 completed the survey on 11/20/91 using M.ZS.L. (Hungarian Jewish Encyclopedia) and Orban. The site was not visited.
VAC (II): US Commission No. 000038
Cemetery is at Temeto utca 45.
     Cemetery was established in 1841. Neumann Adolf and Lovinger Moshe are buried here. Last known burial was 1967. Stausquo, Alsoqod, Felsogod and Szod (15km away) also used the cemetery. The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has a broken and locked fence but no sign. Size before WWII and now is 0.54 hectares. 500-5000 stones, 25%-50% damaged, date from 1848-20th century with Hebrew, German, Hungarian inscriptions. Special sections exist for rabbis, Cohanim, suicides and non-members. Some have traces of paint. Special memorials to Holocaust victims and marked mass graves are present. Owner is local Jewish community. Properties adjacent are agricultural, residential, and cemetery. Boundaries are same since 1939. Pre-burial house with tahara (table) is present. Serious threats are security, vegetation, and vandalism. Dr. Keri Lajos of Budapest V., Nyary Pal utca 5 Ph: 1373164 completed survey on 11/20/91 using: M.ZS.L (Hungarian Jewish Encyclopedia) and Orban. Site not visited.

VAJDACSKA:
Vajdacska is located at 48°19 21°40 in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplem-Megye county, 10km S of Satoraljatijhely and 69 km NE of Miskolc. Cemetery is the end of the town on a hill. When entering from S, it is on the right hand side. Town population is about 400 with no known Jews. Jewish population as of the last census before World War Il was 62. The Jewish cemetery was established in the 1850's, last known Sephardic Orthodox burial in 1942. The nearby villages of Alsoberecki and Felsoberecki also used this rural hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, with no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall or gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1 5 ha. 20-50 gravestones, less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 20th century. The marble, granite flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or sculpted monuments have Hebrew inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims and Jewish soldiers, but no mass graves. A pre-burial house belongs to the Christian cemetery next door. The local community owns property used for Christian burials. Adjacent properties are cemetery rural lands. Boundaries are unchanged since 1940's. The cemetery was not vandalized in the last ten years. Individuals and groups within Hungary cleaned stones and cleared vegetation. Weather erosion and vegetation are moderate threats. Lee Goodman completed survey on 7/21/97 using Magyarorszag Geographial Szotara; Where Once We Walked, and personal photographs. He visited site on 7/21/97. Cindy and Lee Goodman, 32 Johns Drive, Pennellville, NY 13132 Phone/Fax 315-668-2222 VARDA: See Kisvarda

VAS County: http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4

VASAROSNAMENY
UPDATE: 100 headstones repaired and uprighted. Individual photos of most of the tombstones after restoration. We intend to donate the info to the JOWBR. Source: Toby Mendlowitz, Assistant Director. HFPJC, hfpjc@thejnet.com or gen@jewishcemeterypreservation.org, [July 2004]

VERPELET: US Commission No. 000029
In Heyes, Hungary at 47°51 20°14, 50km from Miskolc. Cemetery is at Vasarter utca (Land record 1342 hrsz.).      In 1918, Jewish properties were looted and the archives destroyed. Tannenbaum Wolf and Fischl Salamon are buried there. Established in 17th century, last known Hasidic Orthodox burial was 1939. The isolated suburban cemetery has a sign and continuous masonry wall with locked gate. Size before WWII and now 0.21 hectares. About 40 stones exist with 20 in original location and less than 25% damaged. Special sections exist for men, women, Cohanim and children. Oldest known stone is 1628. OR [sic] Used from 18th-20th century, some graves have metal fences. Inscriptions are Hebrew and Hungarian. No known mass graves. National Jewish community owns the site used for cemetery only. Properties adjacent are agricultural and residential. Boundaries are same as 1939. Caretaker paid by Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg. Erosion is serious threat. Peter Tomas and Peter Wirth completed survey on 3/11/91 using M.ZS.L. Site survey: 02/11/91 by Peter Tamas.

VERSERD: See Mohacs

VESZPREM:
The caretaker, who lives on the grounds, maintains the cemetery and has a list of those buried there. Wollak Lasllo's address is Veszprem Zsilo Hitkozeg, 8200 Veszprem, Ovaros ter 26, Hungary 06(88)321 356 or 06(30)462 629. Source: Robert S. Kornspan, 949 Greenmont Ct., Port Orange, FL 32127; bobK823@aol.com County: http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4
VESZPREM (I): US Commission No. 000067
At 47°06 17°55, 100km from Budapest. Cemetery is at Martirok utja 8.
     Established: 1896. Pillitz Chananel (died: 1806), Pillitz Joel and Hochmuth Abraham are buried here. Last known burial was 1993. Used by Hasidic Orthodox and Congressional (post-1869) Jews as well as the towns of Szentkiralyszabadja, n(15km away) and Szentgal, Varoslod etc. (15km away). The urban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has Jewish symbols on locked gate in broken fence. Size before WWII was 1.50 hectares, now 1.48 hectares. 500-5000 stones, all in original location with less than 25% damaged or broken, date from 1896-20th century. Removed stone locations are not known. Special sections exist for men, women, Cohanim, children, suicides, rich and recent burials. Some are unique stones; and some have metal fences around graves. Inscriptions are Hebrew, German, Hungarian. Special memorials to Holocaust Victims and Jewish soldiers exist but no known mass graves. National Jewish community own site used for cemetery and caretaker's house. Properties adjacent: recreational, commercial or industrial. Caretaker paid by MAZSIHISZ. Pre-burial house has pulpit and banks. Serious threat: security, vegetation. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/10/93 using M.ZS.L (Hungarian Jewish Encylcopedia); Hochmuth Abraham: A Veszremi chevra-Kadisa (1881); Kun Lajos: A Veszpremi Zsidosag multja es Jelene (1932). Other documents exist but are inaccessible. Site survey: 13/09/91. Interview: Wollak Laszlo on 10/10/93.
VESZPREM (II): US Commission No. 000066
Cemetery is on Jerusalem-Hill, next to Catholic cemetery. Present population 25,000 to 100,000 with Jewish population 100-1000 (before WWII was 850).
     The suburban area without signs is reached by turning directly off public road. Surrounded by broken fence andunlocked with no caretaker, the local Jewish community owns it. These Hasidic Orthodox burials date from 1720 to 1896. 100 to 500 gravestones, all in original location with more than half broken or toppled include 24 stones moved to Veszprem (I). The marble, limestone, and sandstone flat-shaped, finely smoothed; inscribed stones; or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew inscriptions. No known mass graves or structures exist. Size of the cemetery is 0.30 hectares, slightly smaller than in 1939 due to new roads. Used only as a Jewish cemetery, there is no care. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage are problems. Threats are weather erosion, pollution, and security. There has been no vandalism as of Fall 1993. Peter Wirth completed survey on 10/25/93 and visited site 8/15/93. Documentation: M.ZS.L. (Hungary Jewish Encyclopedia); Hochmuth Abraham: A Veszpremi Chevra-Kadisa. Other documentation was inaccessible. Interview with Wollak Lsaszlo on 25/10/1993.

VILLANY: US Commission No. 000011
Alternate name: Willan (German). Villany is located in Baranya, 45°52 18°27, 126 km E.S.E. of Nagykanizsa. Present population 5,000 to 25,000, with no Jews (before WWII was 81).
The flat isolated urban site has no signs. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all with no wall, nor fence, or gate. Municipal authorities occasionally clean and clear vegetation. Neolog Jewish burials were from 1887 to 1944. Some burials are from Ivanbaltyan (7 km away). 20 to 100 gravestones, all in original location with fewer than 25% broken or toppled exist. The granite and limestone finely smoothed and inscribed, obelisks, or crypt (some with traces of painting) have German and Hungarian inscriptions. There is a section for children and a memorial monument to Jewish soldiers. Protected as local monument, no known mass graves or structures exist. Size is 0.02 hectares, same size as in 1939. Presently owned by the municipality, the site is used for recreational as well as for cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential. Vegetation overgrowth is a problem. Weather erosion and vandalism are a moderate threat (was not vandalized in ten years up to 1992). During a restoration in 1991, stones were re-erected and vegetation was cleared. Occasionally cleared and cleaned now. Survey by Peter Wirth and Peter Tamas on 1/18/92, site visited 1/17/92.

VIZSOLY: see KORLAT
Information can be found at http://www.vizsoly.hu/. Zemplén district 48°23' 21°13', 116.0 miles ENE of Budapest 47°30' 19°5'. Cemetery has been superbly maintained and secured by HFPJC. Source: E. Bindinger. E-mail: bindinger@skynet.be [September 2006]
 
W-X

WILLAN: see Villany

Y

YELENEVI: Yiddish, see Jeleniewo

Z

ZALA County:
http://www.geocities.com/winter_peter_4 [2000]

ZEMPLEN-DOBRA: see Dobra, Slovakia

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