International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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CZECHOSLOVKIA U-Z

Czech Republic: Former Bohemia and Moravia--Czechoslovakia


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For more accurate Jewish community dates than those given in the US Commission surveys, see the Czech Republic page.

THE CEMETERIES U-Z

UBOCI:     US Commission No. CZCE000410
Alternate name: Amonsgruen in German. Uboci is located in Bohemia, Cheb at 50º03 12º33, 11 km NW of Marianske Lazne and 14 km SE of Cheb. Cemetery: 700 km SW of Catholic chapel in Uboci close to pond. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1830, but founded probably in second half of 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 0. Peak Jewish population was in first half of 19th century (16 families permitted). After 1848, Jews moved to big towns, when primarily Jews of neighboring small town, Dolni Zandov, used synagogue and cemetery (Ger: Unter-Sandau). Independent congregation disbanded in 1893; and synagogue closed in 1897. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1841 with last known Orthodox Jewish burial in first third of 20th century. The isolated wooded hillside by water has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public pathway only and across a pond, coffins were transported by boat. Access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.147 ha. About 50 stones, most in original location, date from probably mid-19th-20th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. No structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are 3 forests. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred probably prior to World War II 1938 by Nazis; during World War II, occasionally 1981-91 when digging opened several graves and after 1958 when tombstones were stolen. There is no maintenance. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion and pollution.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on February 1992. Documentation: census of 1750, 1830, 1930; cadastre of 1841; notes of Stani Zidovske Muzeum (1958); Egerer Jahrbuch (1904); Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens... (1934). No site visits or interviews occurred.

UDLICE I:     US Commission No. CZCE000265
Alternate name: Eilitz in German. Uldice is located in Bohemia, Chomutov at 50º26 13º28, 4 km SE of Chomutov and 47 km SW of Usti nad Labem. The old cemetery is located at 100 m NE of square. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 13. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century (637 people recorded in 1858); independent congregation disbanded in 1893. The Jewish cemetery originated in 16th or 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1871. Chomutov (Ger: Komotau) and Jirkov (Ger: Gorkau) before 1871; Horenice (Ger: Horschenz) and Bilence (Ger: Billentz) before local cemeteries were founded (4, 6; 3, and 4 km away) used this unlandmarked cemetery. The flat isolated suburban site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a broken masonry wall, a continuous fence and no gate. The approximate size of cemetery before and after WWII was 0.3553 ha s. 1-20 stones, none in original location, date from probably 18th-20th century. The sandstone flat shaped stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has new buildings of gardeners. The municipality owns the property used for agricultural plots. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II 1938, demolished by Nazis and during World War II, disbanded in 1941. Occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals by gardeners. Very serious threat: proposed nearby development. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: pollution and existing nearby development. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion and vegetation.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5, tel (02) 55-33-40 completed survey on 10 June 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden...Bohemens... (1934); Heimatskunde des politischen Bezirkes Komotau (1898); Heimatskunde des Bezirkes Komotau (1929); cadastre of 1843 and 1859; Encyclopedia Judaica Berlin; letter of museum in Chomutov (1982); letters of V.Bret (1982). Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited.
UDLICE II:     US Commission No. CZCE000266
The new cemetery is located 0.4 m NE of square. Interested: Jan Vodrazka, Jiraskova 300, 431 41 Udlice. The Jewish cemetery originated between 1864-1870 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1938, two mass graves (about 80 victims of death transport from early 1945). Both Chomutov (German: Komotau) and Jirkov (German: Gorkau) before 1896 (4 km, 6 km away) used this cemetery. The cemetery size is about 60-70% of original Jewish cemetery because of memorials to 1) Soviet prisoners who died in a concentration camp nearby of Udlice; 2) victims of death transport; and 3) Jewish victims of Nazism as 6 stones symbolize 6 million victims). This monument is devastated already and does not serve as a dignified monument. The rest of the unlandmarked cemetery was completely abolished. Several Jewish gravestones lay far in front of the entrance to the memorial. The isolated flat agricultural suburban site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 1439 sq. m.and now is about 800 sq. m. 1-20 stones, none in original location, date from 19th-20th century. The granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains marked mass graves but no structures. The municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery and memorial. Adjacent properties are agricultural. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because in new roads or highways and building of the memorial. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II 1938, (demolished by Nazis); during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991 (the tablet with memorial inscription stolen before 1982). Local/municipal authorities and regional/national authorities did restoration in 1968 and 1986 with vandalism afterward. There is no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, pollution and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, vegetation and existing nearby development.
Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5, tel (02) 55-33-40; and      Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 completed survey on 05-17-92. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden...Bohemens..(1934); Heimatskunde des politischen Bezirks Komotau (1898); notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha (1966); letters of C.Brett-see 12 (1892); I.Mala, L.Kubatova: Pochodysmrti (1965); cadastre of 1872; letters of Muzeum in Chomutov (1982); letters of V.Bret (1982); census of 1570, 1858, 1930,1991. The site was not visited.
      UPDATE: From World Jewish Congress' Dateline: "Construction workers in Udlice in the Czech Republic have uncovered Jewish tombstones which were used during the 1970s to pave a courtyard of the town hall. Udlice's mayor says the stones will be returned to the Jewish cemetery as soon as possible." [July 1996]

UDRC: (Udritsch) used cemetery at Luka
UDRITSCH: (Udrc) used cemetery at Luka

UHERSKE HRADISTE:     US Commission No. CZCE000191
Alternate name: Ungarisch-Hradisch in German. Uherske Hradiste is located in Morava-Uherske Hradiste at 49º06 47º28, 70 km E of Brno. Cemetery: 1.5 km S, Solna cesta-Str. Present town population is 25,000-100,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1342. 1930 Jewish population was 268. The Jewish community was banished in 1514 with new grant of residence in 1848. Dr. Josef Burstyn, 1866-1910, and Dr. Adolf Hahn, were rabbis here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1880 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1941. No other towns or villages used this landmarkerd cemetery (Nr. 3496 S.M.) The isolated suburban hillside has a Czech sign or plaque mentioning the Holocaust and the Jewish community. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.7123 ha s and is now about 0.5 ha. No stones are in original location, but special memorial monuments are 3 memorials of Jewish cemetery and no structures. The municipality owns the property used for recreation (park, playground, and athletic field). Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of new roads or highways and other. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Serious threat: proposed nearby development. Slight threat: pollution and vandalism.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1991. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

UHERSKY BROD I:
http://www.uh.brod.cz/kever has history, burial lists, and photos. [January 2001]
US Commission No. CZCE000192
Alternate name: Ungarisch-Brod in German. Uherskey Brod is located in Morava-Uherske Hradiste at 49º02 47º39, 90 km E of Brno. The old cemetery is located at 0.3 km S on Pod-valy Str. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1470. 1930 Jewish population was 493. Transfer of Jewish quarter was 1686, selfstanding political community 1850-1919. Nathan Natha, 17th century rabbi (buried here); Eduard Nascher, 1853-1926, writer; Dr. Kalman Nurnberger, rabbi; and Zikmund Reis, 20th century writer lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 16th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1870. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated urban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.5575 ha. 1-20 stones are all in original location. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments, no known mass graves and no structures. The municipality owns property used for recreation (park, playground, and athletic field). Adjacent properties are residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Slight threat: pollution and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.
     Update to UHERSKY BROD: {xxxxx}-6 names only: Since April 1998, the caretakers have been Geri and Miriam Prokop. They live in the building adjacent to the cemetery at Neradice 698, 68801 Uhersky Brod, Czech Republic. [geriprokop@usa.net. tel.:+420-633-635085 geriprokop@usa.net. tel.:+420-633-635085] They are slowly working on repairing the heavily overgrown cemetery that was severely vandalized in 1994+/-. Geri tells me that there are 900+ stones, some from the 16th or 17th century. (The stone of Cabalist Nathan Natha [Natan Nata] is dated 1683.) A masonry wall (as indicated in your report) surrounded the cemetery; in December 1998 an approximately 18-foot section of the wall collapsed. The monument to Holocaust victims in the "ceremony hall" consists of black marble tablets with the names in gold, in alphabetical order, of all of the Jews of the area who disappeared; a plaque at the front has the names of those killed in the town. Source: Ron Smetana; e-mail: smetana@value.net [1999]
UHERSKEY BROD II:     US Commission No. CZCE000193
     Cemetery: new 0.8 km E, Neradice-Str. Caretaker with key is Vincenc Rysanek, Vetrna 2050, 688 01 Uhersky Brod; tel. 0. Interested: Adolf Rosenfeld, Masarykovo nam.101, 688 01 U. Brod; tel. 0633/3032; and Josef Brammer, Obchodni 1566, 688 01 Uhersky Brod; tel. 8633/29101. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1870 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1990. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated urban hillside has inscriptions on pre-burial house. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 1.1 ha. 500-5000 stones, most in original location, date from 18th century? The cemetery has special section for children transferred from old cemetery in 20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone rough stones or boulders, flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces, other metallic elements, portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims in the ceremony hall but no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with chimney and other distinctive features and a wall. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of housing development. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1981-91. Local/municipal authorities, regional/national authorities and Jewish groups within country did restoration annually. Brno Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: weather erosion, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. The site was not visited. No interviews.
http://www.uh.brod.cz/kever: history, photographs, and burials list. Geri Prokop is the administrator of the Jewish cemetery in Uh. Brod: geriprokop@usa.net. tel.:+420-633-635085

UHERSKY OSTROH: (Hungarian) see Ostroh (I) and (II)

UHLIRSKE JANOVICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000411
Alternate name: Kohl-Janowitz; Kohljanowitz in German. Uhlirske Janovice is located in Bohemia, Kutna Hora at 49º53 15º04, 18 km SW of Kolin and 49 km ESE of Praha. Cemetery: 700 m SSW of the square, close to pond (bathing place). Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was minyan recorded in 1724 with prayer room before 1790. 1930 Jewish population was 59. Peak Jewish population was in second half of 19th century (190 people in 1880). Later, Jews moved to big towns. Synagogue was built in 1798 with rabbi since 1826. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1834 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. Kacov (German: Katzow); Rataje nad Sazavou (German: Ratais); Cerne Budy (German: Schwarzbuda); probably Zasmuky (German: Sasmuk), 9-12 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated suburban-rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign, but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall (Czech inscription on memorial monument). Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.4405 ha. 1-20 one stones, few in original location, date from about 1900-20th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to liquidated cemetery but no known mass graves or structures. Since 1985, the municipality owned the site used for recreation (park, playground, and athletic field). Adjacent properties are recreational and agricultural. Private visitors and local residents stop visit the cemetery frequently as a park. Jewish congregation sold many tombstones in 1984; many were buried and walls pulled down in 1985. The cemetery was vandalized; and some tombstones stolen. Local/municipal authorities did work in 1985. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: pollution and existing nearby development.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40; and Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 completed survey on 30 August 1992. Documentation: census of 1849, 1880, 1921, 1930; Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens...(1934); letter of historian J.Vacha, see 12 (1985). No site visits or interviews occurred.

UHRINEVES: (Part of the city of PRAHA): see Prague in a separate file
UITTWA: (German) see Utvina
UITWA:     used the cemetery at Becov Nad Teplou and see Uitwa
ULICE: (Ullitz in German) used the cemetery at Pnovany in the 19th century
ULLERSHOF: (German for Oldrichov) also used cemetery at Mlada Vozice in the 18th century
ULLITZ: (German for Ulice) used the cemetery at Pnovany in the 19th century in 19th century
UNGUNGARISCH-BROD: (German) see Uhersky Brod (I) and (II)
UNGARISCH-HRADISCH: (German) see Uherske Hradiste
UNGARISCH-OSTRA: (German) see Ostroh (I) and (II)
UNHOST: also used cemetery at Hostoun (I and II)
UNTER-BAUTZEN: (German for Dolni Bousov) used the cemetery at Domousnice
UNTER-BIELA: (Boehmisch-Neustadtl, Dolni Bela) also used the cemetery at Vseruby
UNTER-KRALEWITZ: (German) see Dolni Kralovice
UNTER-LUKAWITZ: (German) see Dolni Lukavice
UNTER-SANDAU: (German for Dolni Zandov) used the cemetery at Uboci
UNTER-ZETNO: (German) see Dolni Cetno and also used the cemetery at Zamosti

UPICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000412
Alternate name: Eipel in German. Upice is located in Bohemia-Trutnov at 50º31 16º01, 9 km SE of Trutnov and 15 km NW of Nachod. Cemetery: 250 Km SW of square in Chelcickeho street of church. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with probably no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was religious society with prayer-room recorded in first third of 20th century. 1930 Jewish population was 62. Peak Jewish population was probably in late 19th and early 20th century; Later, Jews moved to big towns. The Jewish cemetery originated in late 19th century with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1943. Buried in the cemetery are owners of local textile industry. The suburban hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, (most Jewish graves inter-buried with Christian graves), has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall as municipal cemetery. Municipal Cemetery has a locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.006 ha. 1-20 stones, all in original location, date from 1891-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstonefinely smoothed and inscribed stones, sculpted monuments or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves, structures, or special sections. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are residential and municipal cemetery. Local residents stop frequently as municipal cemetery. This cemetery was not vandalized. Local/ municipal authorities did restoration continuously. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. The caretaker is paid by a local contribution. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion and vegetation.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5, tel/02/55-33-40 completed survey on 27 August 1992. Documentation: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens...(1934). No site visits or interviews occurred.

USOBI:     used the cemetery at Vetrny Jenikov

USOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000195
Alternate name: Mahrisch-Ausee. Usov is located in Moravia-Sumperk at 49º48 17º01, 35 km NW from Olomouc. Cemetery: 0.3 km N, U synagogy-Str. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1564. 1930 Jewish population was 20 and 19 in 1938. Jewish quarter was destroyed 1643 in this selfstanding political community 1850-1919. Moritz Duschak, 1815--90, rabbi; Dr. Bernhard Templer, b.1865, rabbi; Aron Guggenheimer, 19th century rabbi; and Vlastimil Artur Polak, 1914-90, poet, lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated after 1643 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used this landmarked cemetery (Nr. 3187 N.M.) The isolated suburban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.62 ha. 500-5000 stones, all in original location, date from 17th-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces, iron decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery has special section for old and new part but no special memorial monuments or known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Olomouc Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred 1945-1981. Individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin and Jewish groups within country did restoration in 1984-91. The regular caretaker is unpaid. Moderate threat: weather erosion. Slight threats: uncontrolled access, pollution, vegetation and vandalism.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

USTEK:     US Commission No. CZCE000196
Alternate name: Auscha in German. Ustek is located in Bohemia-Litomerice at 50º35 14º21, 15 km ENE of Litomerice and 22 km ESE of Usti nad Labem. Cemetery: 1 km SW. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was probably 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 53. Nazis expelled Jews in 1938. Unlandmarked cemetery probably originated in 16th century with last known Progressive/Reform community Jewish burial in 1937. The isolated suburban hillside, between fields and woods, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is approximately 2500 sq. m. 100-500 stones, most in original location, date from second half of 16th century-20th century. The marble, granite, sandstone and iron flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Some tombstones have iron decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has special section for children and a pre-burial house ruin. Usti nad Labem Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Very serious threat: uncontrolled access. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: pollution and vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion and existing nearby development.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 15 May 1992. Documentation: Jarschel: Geschichte der Stadt Auscha (1922); Marhonz:     Ustecko (1981); and notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum. The site was not visited. Ms. Chudobova, Kamenna 127, 411 45 Ustek and J. Krnak (chimney sweep) of Ustek were interviewed.

USTI NAD LABEM:     US Commission No. CZCE000197
Alternate German name: Aussig. Town is located in Bohemia, Usti nad Labem at 50º40 14º02, 70 km NNW of Prague. Cemetery: 1600 meters W in Okruzni Street. Present town population is over 100,000 with 10-100 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1863. 1930 Jewish population was 985. Unlandmarked cemetery originated in 1892 (new part in 1924) with last known Conservative, Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1945. The cemetery suburban hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private factory school and gardens, access is open with permission with no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 8000 sq. m. No stones or no known mass graves exist. Within the limits of the site is a factory/school. The municipality owns the property used for agricultural purposes, recreation, and industrial-commercial use. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial. Vandalism occurred during World War II probably, and frequently 1945-91 (liquidated 1980-85) with no maintenance.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 on completed survey on 18 May 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden und die Judengemeinden...Bohemens (1934); short histories of Usti nad Labem, notes of Usti nad Labem archives; and notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha. The site was not visited. Cemetery Director in Usti nad Labem; tel. 315-66, Ms. Svobodova; neighbors of cemetery: Mr. Kriz and Mr. Maixner at Kekulova Street 62 cemetery were interviewed in 1992.

UTVINA:     US Commission No. CZCE000294
Alternate name: Uitwa, Uittwa, Utwein German. Utvina is located in Bohemia, Karlovy Vary at 50º04 12º58, 3 km NW of Touzim and 18 km SSE of Karlovy Vary. Cemetery: 1 km N of square. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1841 but congregation is older. 1930 Jewish population was 0 in Utvina and 31 in Touzim. 7 families were permitted in first half of 19th century; 22 paying members of religious society were registered in 1872. Jews moved to neighboring town, Touzim, and other big towns in second half of 19th century. The Jewish cemetery originated before 1841 with last known Conservative Jewish burial probably before 1939. Touzim Ger: Theusing), 3 km away, used this unlandmarked wooded isolated hillside without sign or marker. Reached by crossing private forest, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1687 ha. 1-20 stones, none in original location, date from 19th century. The granite and other flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, or multi-stone monuments have German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Karlovy Vary Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery and waste dumping in forest. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II; many modern gravestones were stolen. There is no maintenance. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution, vandalism and existing nearby development.
     Dr. Peter Braun, Komenskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-15-58; Rudolf Loewy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 0255-33-40 completed survey on 30 October 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1750, 1830, 1921, and 1930; cadastres of 1841 and 1870; Gustav A. Schimmmer: Statistik des Judenthums (1873); notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; and 1984 letter of Catholic parish-priest Janak from Zlutice, deceased 1984. The site was not visited. Vlastimil Strnad, 364 66 Utvina 157 in 1992 were interviewed.

V

VALASSKE MEZIRICI:     US Commission No. CZCE000198
Alternate German name: Wallachisch-Meseritsch. Town is located in Morava-Vsetin at 49º28 17º58, 50 km S of Ostrava. Cemetery: 1.5 km N. Present town population is 25,000-100,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1850. 1930 Jewish population was 135. Jewish community originated in 1867. Dr. Adolf Leimdorfer, 19th century rabbi, and historian Chaim Yahil, 1905-74, lived here. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1870 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used this suburban hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, without sign or marker. Reached by crossing town cemetery, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.2154 ha and is now about 0.04 ha. 1-20 stones date from beginning of 20th century. The granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones or obelisks have German inscriptions. Some have bronze decorations or lettering. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments or known mass graves but has a pre-burial house with distinctive features. The municipality owns the property used for Jewish cemetery and waste dumping. Properties adjacent are cemetery. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of town cemetery. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and 1945-1981. Local/municipal authorities did restoration in 1980s. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980) and Hugo Gold: Die Juden und die Judengemeinden..Morava 1928). Other exisiting documentation was not used. The site was visited by no on Klenovsky. No interviews.
      http://www.zchor.org/valasske.htm [March 2003]

VAMBERK: {10539}
Commission No. CZCE000314
Alternate name: Wamberg in German. Vamberk is located in Bohemia, Rychnov nad Kneznou at 50º07 16º18, 5 km SSE of Rychonov nad Kneznou and 32 km ESE of Hradec Kralove. Cemetery: 600 meters N of square. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community wash prayer-room was allegedly in the 17th century (but not recorded) then expelled and moved to nearby Doudleby nad Orlici. Later, only one Jewish family lived in Vamberk. Local cemetery owned by Doudleby n. O congregation originated by record in 1688. 1930 Jewish population was 3. Buried in the cemetery are rabbis and founders of textile industry in Kostelec nad Orlici with last known Conservative Jewish burial 1936. Doudleby nad Orlici ger: (Daudleb); Chocen Ger: (Chotzen), 3 km and 14 km away, used this landmarked isolated suburban flat land of a hillside by water without sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.2617 ha and is now approximately 0.2 ha. 100-500 stones, most in original location, date from 1700-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew, German, Czech, and ?. Some have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or special sections but has a ruin. Praha Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery, agriculture, and industrial-commercial use. Adjacent properties are commercial-industrial, agricultural, and residential. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of commercial or industrial development. Occasionally, private visitors stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish groups within country do work periodically. Now, individuals and Praha Jewish congregation paid regular caretaker do occasional clearing or cleaning. Moderate threats: uncontrolled access, pollution, vegetation and proposed nearby development. Slight threat: weather erosion and vandalism.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen, office tel. 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 and Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 completed survey on 24 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1723 and 1930; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Josef F. Kral: Pameti mest Vamberka (1927); Vacslav Kodousek: Monografie Doudleb (1874-1885); and Jan Herman Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). The site was not visited.

VARNSDORF:     US Commission No. CZCE000314
Alternate name: Warnsdorf in German. Varnsdorf is located in Bohemia, Decin at 50º55 14º37, 31 km SW of Decin and 33 km NW of Liberec. Cemetery: 800 m WSW of main square. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with 10-100 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1945. 1930 Jewish population was 226. The Jewish population increased both in second half of 19th century and first third of 20th century. Religious society was unrecorded before WWII. Local worshippers belonged to congregation in Rumburk. After the Holocaust, many Jews of the E Ruthenia settled in Varnsdorf. A synagogue group and religious community with prayer-room was founded in 1945 with aliyah and emigration after 1948. Prayer-room closed in 1983. Painter and poet Peter Kien (1919-probably Auschwitz 1944), who was active in Terezin ghetto, was born here. The Jewish cemetery originated in second half of 19th century with last known Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1972 or later. Rumburk (German: Rumburg) used this cemetery, 6 km away. The isolated suburban hillside has a sign or plaque in Yiddish and Czech. Access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. Stones date from second half of 19th-20th century. The granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have German and Czech inscriptions. Some have bronze decorations or lettering. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims and Jewish and non-Jewish soldiers, marked mass graves of Jewish victims of death-march in 1945, and a pre-burial house with a tahara and a catafalque for all religions. The municipality owns the property used as municipal cemetery. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial and agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1981-91. Local/municipal authorities do continuous restoration with care by regular caretaker paid by a local contribution. Slight threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin; message or fax: 0412/23-662 or 28-090 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 27 November 1992. Documentation: personal archives of J. Marek; article in Vestnik NZO, year 34, No. 9; and letter of Ms. H. Vymetalkova from Varnsdorf (1985). The site was not visited. Friedl, Maly, Springer, and Funda (addresses above) in Varnsdorf and Rumburk were interviewed in 1992.

VASELI:
Hanus Reichfeld keeps the key. The cemetery was cleared after having been so overgrown that stones were not visible. However, that will not last. Source: Evy Posamentier; ejp@justicemail.com [1998]

VELHARTICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000199
Alternate name: Welhartitz in German. Velhartice is located in Bohemia-Klatovy at 49º15 13º24, 15 km SE of Klatovy and 52 km S of Plzen. Cemetery: 1300 meters SW. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1799. 1930 Jewish population was 18. Jews moved to big towns in second half of the 19th century. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1858 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1941. The wooded flat isolated site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.056 ha. 20-100 stones, all in original location, date from 1859-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves or structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are forest. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did restoration about 1985-87. Plzen Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: vegetation. Slight threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 75 completed survey on 26 May 1992. Documentation: F. Roubik: list of Jewish congregation in 1850 (1935); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980); and 1983 letter of local historian K.Hanzik. The site was not visited. Inhabitants of neighborhood were interviewed in 1990.

VELKA BUKOVINA:     US Commission No. CZCE000414
Alternate name: Gross-Bok in German. Velka Bukovina is located in Bohemia-Nachod at 50º25 15º59, 14 km W of Nachod and 24 km NNE of Hradec Kralove. Cemetery: 700 meters N. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was probably late 17th century or early 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 2. Peak Jewish population was first half of 19th century with 18 families permitted. Independent congregation was established probably in late 19th century with synagogue used until about 1906. The Jewish cemetery originated in first half of the 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in early 20th century. The flat isolated rural (agricultural) site has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private field, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is approximately 0.11 ha. 100-500 stones, most in original location date from 1737-20th century. The sandstone flat shaped stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or obelisks have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves, structures, or special sections. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen; tel. office 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 26 August 1992. Documentation: cadastre of 1840; censuses of 1830 and 1930; research records of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha (1950); Umelecke pamatky Cech (1957); and remembrance of Rudlf Beck, resident of Nacod (1987). Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.
     "Le Cimetiejournal, review Juif à Velka Bukovina", 201, article 000201, 6/15/1990, HAMACKOVA Vlastimila in Judaica Bohemiae, Volume XXV/2", Judaica Bohemiae, 1989, pp. 107-112, French. Source: Daniel Dratwa; d.dratwa@mjb-jmb.org (collection at the Jewish Museum of Belgium.)

VELKA NAD VELICKOU:     US Commission No. CZCE000200
Alternate name: Welka in German. Velka Nad Velickou is located in Morava-Hodonin at 48º50 17º32, 85 km SE of Brno. Cemetery: 1 km N. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 19th century. The Jewish community originated in the 1880s. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in end of 19th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used site. The flat suburban land, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.0443 ha. 20-100 stones, all in original location, date from 1890-20th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones and finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves, structures, or special sections. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are cemetery. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred 1945-1981. Local/municipal authorities, regional/national authorities and Jewish groups within country did work in 1984 and 1991. Brno Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Serious threat: pollution. Moderate threat: vegetation. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion and vandalism.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VELKE KARLOVICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000201
Alternate name: Gross-Karlowitz in German. Velke Karlovice is located in Morava-Vsetin at 49º20 18º18, 60 km S of Ostrava. Cemetery: 1 km W. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 27. Jewish community was established in 1888 with pogrom in 1918. Salomoun Reich, 19th century factory owner, lived here. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1887 with last known Jewish burial in 1930. No other towns or villages used this cemetery. Between fields and woods, the flat isolated site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken fence with non-locking gates. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.192 ha. 20-100 stones, all in original location, date from 1888-20th century. The marble and granite flat shaped stones or finely smoothed and inscribed stones have German and Czech inscriptions. Some have bronze decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments, known mass graves, or structures. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred 1945-1981. The work was done by local/municipal authorities and Jewish groups within country. Restoration was done in 1980s. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other exisiting documentation was not used. The site was visited by not by Klenovsky and Fiedler. No interviews.

VELKE MEZIRICI:     US Commission No. CZCE000202
Alternate name: Gross Meseritsch in German. Velke Mezirici is located in Morava-Zdar nad Sazavou at 49º21 16º01, is 50 km W of Brno. Cemetery: 0.3 km NE, Bezdekov Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1518. 1930 Jewish population was 76. Pogrom occurred in 1848 with self-standing political community 1850-1919. Rabbi Efraim Cohen, Menachem Mendl Krochmal, Gerson Askenazi, Meir ben Jochanan, Josef Feilbogen lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1560 with last known Conservative Jewish burial was before 1942. No other towns or villages used this landmarked cemetery (Nr. 4584 S.M.) The isolated urban hillside has a Czech sign or plaque mentioning the Jewish community. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.4571 ha. 500-5000 stones, all in original location, date from 1677-20th century. The marble, granite and limestone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or double tombstones have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments or known mass graves but has a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally, 1981-91. Local non-Jewish residents, local/municipal authorities, regional/national authorities and Jewish groups within country did work in 1985-1991. Brno Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: weather erosion, pollution, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980) and Hugo Gold: Die Juden und die Judengemeinden...Morava 1928). Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VELVARY: (Ger.: Welwarn) used the cemetery at Blevice

VESELI NAD MORAVOU:     US Commission No. CZCE000203
Alternate German name: Wessely. Town is located in Morava-Hodonin at 48º57 17º24, 70 km SE of Brno. Cemetery: 0.5 km S, Masarykova Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 64. The Jewish community was a self-standing political community 1890-1919. Ludvik Ehrenhaft, painter, lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The flat urban location has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1536 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original location, date from 1781-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have bronze decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims, old and new portions, and a pre-burial house but no known mass graves. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally, 1981-91. Local/municipal authorities, Jewish individuals and groups within country did work in 1980s and 1991. Brno Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion, pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.      Hanus Reichfeld is the keeper of the key. The cemetery was cleared after having been so overgrown that stones were not visible. However that will not last. Source: Evy Posamentier; ejp@justicemail.com [1998]

VESELICK: (Weselitschko in German) used the cemetery at Zbesicky

VETRNY JENIKOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000204
Alternate German name: Windig-Jenikau. Town is located in Bohemia-Jihlava at 49º27 15.29, 10 km NW of Jihlava. Cemetery: 1.5 km S. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was beginning of 18th century. Jewish population was 2 in 1921 and 0 in 1930. Jewish community disbanded about 1850. The Jewish cemetery originated in 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in end of 19th century. Usobi, 5 km away, used this landmarked cemetery (Nr. 5388 S.M) The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.096 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original location, date from 1700-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments, structures, or known mass graves. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1981-91. There is no maintenance. Serious threat: vegetation. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion and vandalism. Slight threat: pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VEZ: (Wiesch in German) used cemetery at Humpolec

VIDNAVA: [used the cemetery at Osoblaha VIDNAVA] US Commission No. CZCE000205
Alternate name: Weidenau in German. Vidnava is located in (Silesia) Slezsko-Sumperk at 50º22 17º11, 95 km N of Olomouc. Cemetery: 1 km SE. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1726. Jewish population was 5 Jews in 1921 and 2 in 1930. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1854 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used this cemetery between fields and woods, on an isolated hillside without sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.15 ha. There are no stones, special memorial monuments, known mass graves, or structures. The present owner of the forest property is unknown. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II with no maintenance. Moderate threat: pollution and vegetation. Slight threat: proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: J. Neugebauer: Beitrag zur Geschichte von Weidenau, Weid. 1874. The site was visited but not by Klenovsky. No interviews.

VIHAROV: (Wihorschau in German) now called Beharov used the cemeteries at Janovice Nad Uhlavou and at Loucim
VIMPERK: (German: Winterberg) used the cemetery at Ckyne

VLACHOVO BREZI:     US Commission No. CZCE000054
Alternate name: Wallisch-Birken and Wallischbirken in German. Vlachovo Brezi is located in Bohemia-Prachatice at 49º05 13º58, 7 km NNW of Prachatice and 37 km WNW of Ceske Budejovice. Cemetery: 350 meters N of the square. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1717. 1930 Jewish population was 7. Jewish congregation probably existed in late 17th century. Peak Jewish population was in mid-19th century with 25 families. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Last rabbi left 1907; congregation disbanded in 1924. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated probably about 1700 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943 but legible 1932. Rabbis are buried in The isolated suburban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1378 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original location, date from 1729-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Jewish soldiers, pre-burial house, and ruin of mortuary but no special sections or known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II, occasionally 1945-1991 vandalized after WWII. Local non-Jewish residents, individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin, local/municipal authorities and regional/national authorities cleaned in 1987-1991 [litter]. Praha Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, vandalism, and existing and proposed nearby development.
     PhDr. Jan Podlesak, Bezdrevsk 1021/8, 370 11 Ceske Budejovice; tel. office: 038/371-41 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 3 August 1992. Documentation: archives of PhDr. J. Podlesak; Jan Podlesak: Zidovske hrbitovy na prachatickem okrese in Vyber z praci clenu Historickeho klubu pri Jihoceskem Muzeum 1984, no. 1; Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens 1934); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 1965 notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Antonin Horsky: A na hrbitove pasti dobytek in Dnesek, 1948, p. 633-5; 1982 letter of former Conservator of Monuments Miroslav Rehka, Vlachovo Brezi No. 379. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VLASIM: [used the cemetery at Trhovy until approximately 1890] US Commission No. CZCE000267
Alternate German name: Wlaschim. Vlasim is located in Bohemia-Benesov at 49º42 14º54, 17 km SE of Benesov and 56 km SE of Praha. Cemetery: 1200 meters NE, close to the road leading to Pavlovice. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1724. 1930 Jewish population was 67. Peak Jewish population was in 1880 with 172 people. Later, Jews moved to big towns. This was the native town of Austrian painter Salomon Benesch (1867-1942). The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated or renovated in 1890 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1943. The suburban flat land of a hillside, separate but near cemeteries, has Hebrew inscriptions on wall plate that is lying on the ground. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1863 ha. 1-20 stones date from second half of 19th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a wall. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did the restoration in 1945-46 with vandalism afterward. There is no maintenance. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: pollution. Slight threat: weather erosion, vegetation and existing nearby development.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 75 completed survey on 8 July 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1724, 1880, 1930; Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980); Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens 1893-94); Dnesek, 1948, p. 633-635; Frantisek Al. Slavik: Dejiny mesta Vlasime (1889); 1947 notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; and 1991-92 notes and letters of Jan Svoboda. The site was not visited. J. Svoboda was interviewed in 1991.

VLCI:     used the cemetery at Svihov
VLTAVOU:     used the cemetery at Blevicre since the second half of the 19th century

VODNANY: [also used the cemetery at Cichtice] US Commission No. CZCE000315
Alternate name: Wodnian in German. Vodnany is located in Bohemia-Strakonice at 49º09 14º11, 17 km S of Pisek and 27 km NW of Ceske Budejovice. Cemetery: 3 km WSW of square and 800 meters W of village Prazak. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with 0 or fewer than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1724 recorded prayer-room. 1930 Jewish population was 114. This seat of regional rabbi since 1836 had increasing Jewish population until first third of 20th century. MUDr. Viktor Vohryzek 1864-1918), leader of Czech-Jewish movement, lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1840 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. Protivin, 8 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery before 1878. Between fields and woods, the isolated hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is approximately 0.08 ha. 20-100 near 100 stones, most in original location, date from 1848. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house ruin. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and woods. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred frequently 1945-1991 vandalized after WWII. There is no maintenance. Serious threat: vegetation and vandalism. Moderate threat: pollution. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 on 23 November 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1724, 1921, and 1930; Vaclav Mostecky: Dejiny byvaleho kralovskeho mesta Vodnan (1940); and 1965 research notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VOJKOVICE: (Wojkowitz in German) used cemetery at Horni Berkovice and used the cemetery at Postriz

VOLARY:     US Commission No. CZCE000055
Alternate German name: Wallern. Volary is located in Bohemia, Prachatice at 48º55 13º54, 13 km SW of Prachatice and 41 km WSW of Ceske Budejovice. Cemetery: 500 meters NE, near the municipal cemetery. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     No Jewish community/congregation existed in Volary. 1930 Jewish population was 1. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated as burial place in May 1945 and as symbolic cemetery in 1989-1990. 95 Jewish women and girls, victims of a death-march from the Grunberg Concentration Camp near Auschwitz, and one man (Soviet victim of Nazis) were buried there 22 May 1945 (inmates from Hungary, Poland, Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia). The suburban hillside, separate but near cemeteries, has a sign or plaque in Hebrew, Jewish symbols on gate or wall, and inscriptions in Czech, Polish, Hungarian, and German mentioning the Holocaust. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The approximate size of cemetery is now approximately 0.1 ha. 96 stones, all in original location, are 20th century marble flat shaped stones with only names of people buried. 3 special memorials to Holocaust victims exist but no special sections, other known mass graves, or structures. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are agricultural and municipal cemetery. Occasionally, organized Jewish group or individual tours or pilgrimage groups, private visitors and local residents stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Local non-Jewish residents, individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin, local/municipal authorities, regional/national authorities and Jewish individuals within country did work in 1989-1990. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear.      PhDr. J. Podlesak completed survey on 3 August 1992. Documentation: archives of PhDr. J. Podlesak; Jan Podlesak: In memoriam 96 obeti in Vyber z praci clenu Historickeho klubu pri Jihoceskem Muzeum1982, No. 2; Vestnik ZNO, VIII, No. 7. The site was not visited. Mayor S. Vokurka in July 1992 were interviewed.

VOLYNE:     US Commission No. CZCE000316
Alternate German name: Wolin. Volyne is located in Bohemia, Strakonice at 49º10 13º53, 10 km SSW of Strakonice and 46 km NW of Ceske Budejovice. Cemetery: 350 meters NW of square (old town hall) in U vodojemu Street. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was perhaps second half of 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 51. Peak Jewish population was about mid-19th century with 20-25 families; Later, Jews moved to big towns. The Jewish cemetery originated probably in 17th century as second Jewish cemetery in Volyne with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. Hostice before first half of 18th century; Cestice; and Nemcice, 4-7 km away, used this landmarked cemetery (Republic list). The isolated suburban hillside has a Czech sign or plaque ("Cultural Monument"). Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1357 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original location, date from 1689. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. Within the limits of the site are caretaker house but no known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Frequently, organized individual tours and private visitors stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Jewish groups within the country did the restoration in 1912, 1988. Now there is unpaid regular caretaker. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 23 November 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1570, 1654, 1849, and 1930; Frantisek Teply: Dejiny mesta Volyne a okoli (1933); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); notes of research made by Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha in 1966. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. V. Jirsa in Volyne was interviewed in 1992.

VONOKLASY: (German: Wonoklas) probably used the cemetery at Trebotov
VOSEK: (Hungarian) see Osek (I) and (II)

VOTICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000268
Alternate name: Wotitz in German and Otice in Hungarian. Votice is located in Bohemia, Benesov at 49º39 14º39, 24 km N of Tabor and 51 km SSE of Prague. Cemetery: 0.5 km E. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1538. 1930 Jewish population was 76. Jews moved to big towns after 1848. Jedidja Weil, regional rabbi in Karlsruhe (died 1769), and Rabbi Moses Bloch, first director of Budapest rabbinical school (1815-1909) lived here. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1539 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1963. The isolated suburban slight slope has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall reconstruction with locking gate surrounds the cemetery. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2395 ha. 100-500 stones date from 1705 and 1717-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational and soccer field and parking. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Local non-Jewish residents, local/municipal authorities, Jewish individuals and groups within country did restoration in 1991. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and weather erosion. Slight threat: pollution, vegetation and vandalism.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey in June 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens 1934); Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohmen 1893-94); 1979 research notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 1984 letters of deceased local historian Josef Barton; 1983-4 letters of deceased Libuse Ingrova; and censuses of 1724, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Bazant and Sustr ,several times during Autumn 1991 and Spring 1992, L. Ingrova (1986-1988), and J. Barton (1986-1988) were interviewed.

VRCHLABI:     US Commission No. CZCE000415
Alternate German name: Hohenelbe. Vrchlabi is located in Bohemia, Trutnov at 50º38 15º36, 21 km WNW of Trutnov and 26 km NE of Jicin. Cemetery: 400 meters NW of chateau. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was late 19th or early 20th century. 1930 Jewish population was 105. The history of the religious society is unknown because the Nazis burned the archives. The prayer-hall existed probably since second half of 19th century. Peak Jewish population probably was about 1900 with 136 people in 1910. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Forced Labor camps with Jewish inmates existed in vicinity 1942-1945. This was the native town of American musicologist Paul Nettle (1889-1972). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1913 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1945. Soviet prisoners of war were later exhumed. The suburban hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall with a locking gate of municipal cemetery. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.2431 ha and is now possibly 0.2531 ha. There are no stones, no known mass graves, or structures. The municipality owns property used for municipal cemetery/urn grove. Adjacent properties are recreational, agricultural and cemetery. Private visitors and local residents stop visit the cemetery frequently as municipal cemetery. Nazis vandalized the cemetery prior to World War II in 1938, during World War II and the remainder liquidated after 1974. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear municipal cemetery. Local contributions as municipal cemetery and as a Jewish cemetery pay the caretaker.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 28 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1910, 1921, and 1930; 1986 letter of Mr. Kovar, local parish-priest of Evangelical Church; and 1981-1983 letters of head of regional Jewish community in Trutnov, Vit Korec, deceased. 78.yes. Korec in Praha from 1981 to 1987 were interviewed.

VSENORY: (German: Wschenor) used the cemetery at Trebotov
VSERADICE:     used the cemetery at Liten

VSERUBY:     US Commission No. CZCE000206
Alternate name: Wsherau in German. Vseruby is located in Bohemia, Plzen-server (Pilsen-North) at 49º50 13º15. Vseruby is 16 km NW of Plzen. Cemetery: 1 km N on cadastre of Kunejovice. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1657. 1930 Jewish population was 18. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century. The Jewish cemetery originated probably in 18th century with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial of local inhabitants in 1938 but one Jewish woman from death-march 1945. Chrancovice Ger: Chrantschowitz); Skupen Skupsch); Dolni Bela Unter-Biela, Bohmisch-Neutadtl), 5 km; 9 km; 7 km away, used this landmarked cemetery. Between fields and woods, the isolated hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1595 sq. m. 20-100 stones, most in original location, date from 1759. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred probably prior to World War II 1938 by Nazis, occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 26 May 1992. No documentation was used. The site was not visited. Adolf Vesta in Stribro (deceased 1984), former regional Conservator of Historical Monuments, was interviewed.

VSETATY: (Wschetat in German) used the cemetery at Rakovnik in the 17-18th centuries

VSETIN:     US Commission No. CZCE000207
Alternate German name: Wsetin. Vsetin is located in Morava-Vsetin at 49º20 18º00, 65 km S of Ostrava. Cemetery: 0.3 km W. Present town population is 25,000-100,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 101. Jews banished in 1823 but granted residence in 1848. Writer Erich Kulka-Schoen, born 1911, lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1888 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1988. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery.

VYSKOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000208
Alternate German name: Wischau. Vyskov is located in Morava-Byskov at 49º17 17º00, 30 km NE of Brno. Cemetery: 2 km E in Kromerizska Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1322 to second half of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 44. Jews banished 15th to 17th century with establishment of Jewish community in 1860. The Jewish cemetery originated at end of 19th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. No other towns or villages used this unlandmarked cemetery. The rural (agricultural) isolated flat land by water has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.3174 ha. 20-100 stones date from end of 19th century. The marble and granite flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have bronze decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments or known mass graves but has a pre-burial house with unnoted distinctive features. Brno Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery and agriculture (crops or animal grazing). Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish groups within country did work in 1991. Now, there is regular unpaid caretaker. Slight threat: weather erosion, vegetation and existing nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

VYSOKA LIBYNE: (Hochlibin German) used cemetery at Kozlany
VYSOKE MYTO: (Hohenmauth in German) used the cemetery at Luze since mid-19th century
VYSOKY UJEZD: (Hoch-Augest in German) used the cemetery at Morina

W-X

WALLACHISCH-MESERITSCH: (German) see Valasske Mezirici
WALLERN: (German) see Volary
WALLISCH-BIRKEN or WALLISCHBIRKEN: (German) see Vlachovo Brezi
WALLACHISCH-MESERITSCH: (German) see Valasske
WALLERN: (German) see Volary
WALLISDORF: (German for Kuzova) used cemetery at Kozlany
WALLISGRUM: (German for Kuzova) used cemetery at Kozlany
WAMBERG: (German) see Vamberk
WARNSDORF: (German) see Varnsdorf
WEIDENAU: (German) see Vidnava
WEITEN-TREBETITSCH: (German) see Siroke
WEISSENSULZ: (German for Bela nad Radbuzou) used the cementery at Mutenin
WELHARTITZ: (German) See Velhartice and see Velharti
WELKA: (German) see Velka Nad Velickou
WELWARN: (German for Velvary) used the cemetery at Blevice
WESELITSCHKO: (German for Veselick) used the cemetery at Zbesicky
WESERITZ: (German) see Bezdruzice
WESSELY: (German) see Veseli Nad Moravou
WIESCH: (German for Vez) used cemetery at Humpolec
WIHORSCHAU: (German for Viharov) now called Beharov used the cemeteries at Janovice Nad Uhlavou and at Loucim
WINDIG-JENIKAU: (German) see Vetrny Jenikov
WISCHAU: (German) see Vyskov
WITTINGAU: (German) see Trebon and also used the cemetery at Straznad before 1900
WLASCHIM: (German) see Vlasim
WODNIAN: (German) see Vodnany
WOELKING: (German) see Dolni Bolikov
WOJKOWITZ: (German for Vojkovice) used cemeteries at Horni Berkovice and at Postriz
WOLESCHNA: (German for Waoleschna) used the cemetery at Rakovnik
WOLIN: (German) see Volyne
WOLSCHAN: (German) see OLSANY
WONOKLAS: (German for Vonoklasy) probably used the cemetery at Trebotov
WOSSEK: (German) see OSEK (I) and (II)
WOSTRATSCHIN: (German for Osvracin) used the cemetery at Puclice
WOTITZ: (German) see Votice
WSCHENOR: (German for Vsenory) used the cemetery at Trebotov
WSCHETAT: (German for Vsetaty) used the cemetery at Rakovnik in the 17-18th centuries
WSETIN: (German) see Vsetin
WSHERAU: (German) see Vseruby
WSETIN: (German) see Vsetin
WUTTAU: (German for Butov) used the cemetery at Pnobany in 17th-18th century

Y

Z

ZAJEZDEC:     US Commission No. CZCE000416
Alternate name: Zajezdetz; Sajestetz in German. Zajezdec is located in Bohemia-Chrudim at 49º56 15º56, 10 km ESE of Chrudim and 15 km SE of Pardubice. Cemetery: 250 meters N of center. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was 1724. 1930 Jewish population was 1 family with 5. Peak Jewish population was before mid-19th century with about 30 families. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Congregation disbanded about 1894. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial probably in early 20th century. The isolated suburban location has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a private road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2223 ha. 20-100 stones, about half in original location and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1789. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and pasture. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and weather erosion. Slight threat: pollution, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen; tel. office 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 23 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1724, 1837 and 1930; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Chrudimsko a Nasavrcko, IV 1926); Jahrbuch fur israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens 1894-95); and Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). No site visits or interviews occurred.

ZALUZANY:     US Commission No. CZCE000269
Alternate German name: Saluschan. Zaluzany is located in Bohemia, Pribram at 49º33 14º05, 16 km SSE of Pribram and 25 km NNW of Pisek. Cemetery: 250 meters NNW of the chateau. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was perhaps 17th century, recorded in 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 4. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century; about 75 people in 1849. This was the birthplace of Abraham Kohn (1807-1848), Reform rabbi of Lvov (Lemberg). The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in allegedly in 16th century and was recorded in 1740 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1941. The isolated suburban hillside, at the crown of a hill, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1563 ha. 1-20 stones date from 1779 to 19th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial and roads. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, pollution and vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 75 completed survey on 5 June 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1654, 1724, and 1930; Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 1983 letter of local historian, K. Zajicek; and Encyclopedia Judaica (Berlin). No site visits or interviews occurred.

ZAMBERK:     US Commission No. CZCE000417
Alternate German name: Senftenberg. Zamberk is located in Bohemia, Usti nad Orlici at 50º06 16º28, 24 km ESE of Hradec Kralove and 37 km WNW of Sumperk. Cemetery: 400 meters W of square via Ceckoslovenske Armady Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was allegedly 17th century, but recorded in first half of 18th century 17. 1930 population was 31. Scanty information about older history because archives of Jewish community burned in 1811. Peak Jewish population was mid-19th century with approximately 50 families. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Painter Max Horb (1882-1907), lived here. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in first half of 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before ___.
The isolated suburban hillside without sign has Jewish symbols on windows of ceremonial hall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.32 ha. 20-100 stones, most in original location, date from 1731-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or special sections but has a pre-burial house with a copper-covered dome. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Local non-Jewish residents and anonymous sponsor did work periodically after WWII and in 1991. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals and Praha Jewish congregation paid regular caretaker. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion and pollution.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen; tel. office 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 and Engineer Majmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 completed survey on 24 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1723, 1849, and 1930; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens (1894-95); and Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). No site visits or interviews occurred.

ZAMOSTI:     US Commission No. CZCE000056
Alternate German name: Zamost, Samost. Zamosti is located in Bohemia, Mlada Boleslav at 50º23 14º52, 5 km SW of Blada Boleslav. Cemetery: (part of village of Piskova Lhota) 250 meters SSE of former synagogue. Present town population is under 1,000 with fewer than 10 Jews (descendants of mixed marriages).
     Earliest known Jewish community was second quarter of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 1 in Zamosti and 2 in Piskova Lhota. Congregation was for surrounding villages, allegedly since 17th century or 18th century. Peak Jewish population was 12 Jewish families in 1849. Later, Jews moved to big towns. The Jewish cemetery originated before 1733 with last known Conservative Jewish burial probably in about 1908. Dolni Cetno (German: Unter-Zetno), 6 km away, used this unlandmarked isolated suburban hillside without sign or marker before 1869. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.2208 ha and is now 0.1631 ha. 20-100 stones date from 1732-20th century. The granite, sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures but has Cohanim special section. Praha Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and garden. Adjacent properties are agricultural garden and forest. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of agriculture garden. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did restoration in 1991. Praha Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Very serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: pollution. Slight threat: weather erosion, vegetation and existing nearby development.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 and Engineer Majmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 completed survey on 1 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1849 and 1930; cadastre of 1842; 1965 notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum, and 1983 letter of B. Kratochvilova. The site was not visited. Owners of local synagogue (Mr. and Mrs. Prokop, Rumunska 18, 120 00 Praha 2; tel. 02/29-19-90) were consulted in 1986 in Praha.
     Update: Sunday August 16, 1998 Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel Article refers to a "majestic hillside cemetery with 2,000 Jewish graves". Apparently, the community is undergoing restoration to attract tourists. It also notes: "Overlooking the ghetto, the 87-year-old caretaker of the meticulously restored Jewish cemetery is certain the tradition will endure. Bohumil Pavlik noted that Jews throughout the region now choose to be buried here-including Zamosti's only three remaining Holocaust survivors, who live elsewhere but are awaiting their turn. 'They have their tombstones ready,' he said, 'and when their time comes, I'll take care of them.'" Source: Manning Bookstaff manningb@juno.com

ZATEC:     US Commission No. CZCE000207 and US Commission No. CZCE000209
Alternate German name: Saaz. Zatec is located in Bohemia, Louny at 50º20 13º33, 18 km WSW of Louny and 46 km ENE of Karlovy Vary. Cemetery: 1.5 km SE. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.
          Earliest known Jewish community was Jewish congregation was in 1864. 1930 Jewish population was 760. Nazis expelled Jews in 1938. In 1948, local airport sent warplanes and other weapons to Israel. Otto Stein: orientalist (1893-after 1940) and Karel Reiner: composer (1910-1979) lived here. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1859 with last known Conservative or Orthodox Jewish burial in 1976. Buried in the cemetery is unnamed well-known composer murdered here during 1945 death march. The flat suburban site, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing concierge's private garden, access is open with permission via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 3500 sq. m.and is now 3200 sq. m. 1-20 stones date from second half of 19th century. The granite and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions and a wall. Usti nad Labem Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational and residential. The boundaries are smaller than 1939 because of housing development. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II by Nazis, during World War II and occasionally, 1981-91. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish groups within country did work between 1975 and 1991. Jewish congregation of Usti nad Labem pays the regular caretaker by personal use of original sexton's house. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, pollution and existing nearby development. Slight threat: weather erosion and vegetation.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 1 May 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980); Hugo Gold: Die Juden und die Judengemeinden...Bohemens (1934); A.Siefert: Geschichte der Stadt Saaz 1894; and censuses of 1930 and 1991. Srsen, Beck, and Ranek in Zatec were interviewed on 1 May 1992.

ZBESICKY:     US Commission No. CZCE000418
Alternate German name: Klein-Zbieschitz and Klein-Bieschitz. Zbesicky is located at 49º24 14º24 in Bohemia, Pisek, 16 km WSW of Tabor and 21 km ENE of Pisek. Cemetery: 450 meters NW of the chateau. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
          Earliest known Jewish community was second half of mid-18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 0 in Zbesicky, 9 in Bernartice, and 0 in Veselicko. Peak Jewish population was before mid-19th century, about 20 families. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Joint Zbesicky-Berartice-Veselick congregation existed after 1870 with synagogue in Veselick and cemetery in Zbesicky. Congregation disbanded after 1900. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1750 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1948. Veselick (Ger: Weselitschko) and Bernartice (Ger: Bernartitz), 5 km and 4 km away, used this landmarked cemetery between fields and woods, on an isolated hillside without sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1029 ha. About 100 stones date from 1750-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a slightly damaged pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and forest. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Restoration was done during 1990-1991. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals or occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on August 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980) and Hugo Gold: Die Juden und die Judengemeinde... Bohemens 1934); Josef Kytka: Milevsko a jeho kraj 1940); Gustav A. Schimmer: Statistik des Judenthums 1873); 1983 letter of local mayor; and censuses of 1783, 1849, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. No interviews.

ZBRASLAV: (Koenigsaal in German) used the cemetery at Trebotov

ZBRASLAVICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000057
Alternate German name: Sbraslawitz. Located in Bohemia, Kutna' Hora 49º49' 15º11', 58 km SE of Praha. Cemetery: 800 m N. Present town population is 1,000 to 5,000 with no Jews.
          Earliest known Jewish community was probably the 17th century, recorded in 1724. Chevra Kadisha founded in 1692. 1930 Jewish population was 19. The maximum Jewish population was 215 in 1850. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Independent congregation disbanded before 1921. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1797. An older cemetery was pulled down in the 18th century. Buried in cemetery: Rabbis, ancestors of Langer brothers, Frantisek (writer and playwright) and Jiri (writer and poet). Last known Conservative or Progressive Jewish burial in the landmarked cemetery was before 1943. The isolated suburban hillside has no marker or sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road and open to all with nowall, fence or gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II was 0.4018 ha. Present size is 0,3968. 100-500 stones, in original location with 1-20 and 25 to 50% toppled or broken, date from 1815- 20th century. The location of stones removed from the cemetery is unknown. The granite and sandstone flat shaped and inscribed stones and flat stones with carved relief decorations have Hebrew and German inscriptions. It contains no known mass graves or structures. Praha Jewish community owns the property used for a Jewish cemetery, storage and waste dumping. Properties adjacent are recreational, agricultural and residential. The cemetery has been reduced as a result of buried electric cables. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. It was vandalized frequently during World War II. No care. There are many weekend cottages nearby. Slight threat: weather erosion, very serious threats: pollution and vandalism. Serious threat: vegetation overgrowth. Moderate threat: existing development.      Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00, Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 31 July 1992 using Census 1724, 1850, 1930. Cadastre of 1838, 1855. Notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha. H. Gold, Die Juden...Bohemens. (1934). Kutnohorsko slovem I obrazem, II (1914). Letter of M.Lajkepova (1984). Maly visited in 1991.

ZDAR: (called Saar in German) also used cemeteries at KADAN I, II and at Mastov before 1884

ZDERAZ:     US Commission No. CZCE000419
Alternate German names: Dereisen and Woratschen. Located in Bohemia, Rakovnik at 50º09 13º34, 11 km WNW of Rakovnik, 20 km S of Zatec and 35 km W of Kladno. Cemetery: 1700 m SW of village green, on the cadastre of Oracov. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.
          Earliest known Jewish community was mid 17th-century (prayer room recorded). 1921 Jewish population was 3. Peak Jewish population was in first half of the 19th century with 6 families in Zderaz, seat of congregation for vicinity, and 238 in congregation in 1893. Jews moved to big towns in 20th century. Scanty congregation existed until 1938. Jewish cemetery probably originated in the 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1939. Kolesovice (German: Koleschowitz); Dekov (German: Dekau); Jesenice (German: Jechnitz) before 1927; Petrohrad (German: Petersburg, Klumtschan), 3 to 9 km away, used this unlandmarked rural isolated flat land without sign or marker. Reached by crossing private (fields), access is open to all via a broken masonry fence with no gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II was and is now 0.1 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original location with 50-75% toppled or broken, date from 18th-20th century. Three historical stones were removed to the museum in Jesenice. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped and inscribed stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decorations, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. Cemetery contains no known mass graves but has pre-burial house ruin. Praha Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Properties adjacent to cemetery are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalized frequently, local non-Jewish residents and municipal authorities cleared vegetation from the cemetery in 1983. There is no care now. Security (a secluded spot) and vandalism are very serious threats. Vegetation is a serious threat. Weather erosion and pollution are slight threats. Liquidation of the cemetery was planned in the 1980s.
     Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 147 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 24 August 1992 using Census 1724, 1849, 1930. Cadastre of 1841. Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens (1893-94). Wenzel Rott: Der politische Bezirk Podersam (1902), letters of local historians of both Kolesovice and Jesenice (1983). Other documentation exists but is not accessible. Exact records: No. 26, 35, 36, 63, 73 in archives of Jewish congregation in Praha. M.Chmelikova visited site in August 1992.

ZDESLAV: (German: Deslawen) also used cemetery at Kozlany
ZDIRNICE: (Schirnitz in German) see Mala Sitbor
ZEBAU: (German for Cebiv) probably used the cemetery at Svojein
ZELEC: (Seltsch in German) used the cemetery at Mecholupy
ZELIV: (German: Seelau) also used cemetery at Humpolec
ZIDOVSKE MESTO: (Hungarian) see Praha-Josefov
ZIHLE: (Scheles in German) also used cemetery at Rabstejn Nad Strelou
ZIRNAU: (German for Driten) used Hluboka Nad Vltavou
ZLABINGS: (German for Slavonice) also used cemetery at Stare Mesto Pod Landstejnem
ZLATE HORY: (formerly Kamberk, German: Kamberg) also used cemetery at Mlada Vozice

ZLATE HORY:     US Commission No. CZCE000007
Altermate names: Zuckmantel (German) and Cukmantl (Hungarian). Located in Silesia, Moravia-Silesia, Bruntal at 50º16 17º24 on the Czesch-Polish frontier, 80 km NW of Ostrava. Cemetery: E side of town, new municipal cemetery. Present town population is 1,000 to 5,000 with no Jews.
     1930 Jewish population was 34. Franz Kafka was treated in a Jewish sanitarium here in 1905 and 1906. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated about 1900 with last known Jewish burial in the 1930s. The suburban flat land, part of a municipal cemetery, has no marker or sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall with a locking gate. Approximate size of cemetery before World War II and presently is about 100 sq. m. No stones are visible. The municipality sold 11 known tombstones in 1989 to a private collection. It contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns the property used for a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent property is a non-Jewish cemetery.
     Vlastmila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, Jiri Fiedler completed survey on 26 December 1991. Documentation: Several journal articles. Other documentation was inaccessible. Jiri Fiedler and Jaroslav Fiala, Nadrazni Street 817, 793 76 Zlate Hory v Jesenikach visited site and interviewed Jaroslav Fiala.

ZLIN:     US Commission No. CZCE000210
Alternate Hungarian name: Gottwaldov. Located in Morava-Zlin at 49º13 17º40, 100 km E of Brno. Cemetery: 3 km South. Present town population is 25,000 to 100,000 with less than 10 Jews.
     Earliest known Jewish community was end of the 19th century. The Jewish community existed from 1924 to 1941. In 1930, 103 Jews lived here. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1933 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1987. The wooded hillside, part of a municipal cemetery, has Czech sign designating Jewish section. Reached by crossing municipal cemetery, access is open to all via a continuous fence with a locking gate. The approximate size of the cemetery before World War II and now is 20x50 meters. 1-20 stones, in original location, date from 1936. The granite and sandstone flat shaped and inscribed stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and Czech inscriptions. Some have metall