International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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CZECHOSLOVKIA M

Czech Republic: Former Bohemia and Moravia--Czechoslovakia


Also see Slovakia

For more accurate Jewish community dates than those given in the US Commission surveys, see the Czech Republic page.

THE CEMETERIES "M"

MACICE: probably used the cemetery at Podmokly
MAEHRISCH: (Schoenberg in German) see Sumperk
MAHRISCH-AUSEE: (German) see Usov
MAHRISCH-BUDWITZ: (German) see Moravke Budejovice
MAHRISCH-KROMAU: (German) see Moravsky Krumlov
MAHRISCH-OSTRAU: (German) see Ostrava (Moravska)
MAHRISCH-WEISSKIRCHEN: (German) see Hranice
MALA CHYSKA: (old name of Chysky; Klein-Chischka in German) also used cemetery at Nosetin

MALA SITBOR:     US Commission No. CZCE000360
Alternate German name: Klein-Schuttuber. Mala Sitbor is located in Bohemia, Cheb at 50º04 12º32, 12 km ESE of Cheb. Cemetery: 1200 meters S and 800 meters ENE of the hamlet Zdirnice (Schirnitz in German). Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was built in 1808 (congregation probably from second half of 18th century). 1930 Jewish population was 6 Jews in Mala Sitbor and 6 Jews in Milikov. Peak Jewish population in first half of 19th century (27 families permitted in Mala Sitbor, approximately 200 Jews in all area of congregation). After 1848, they moved to big towns. Independent congregation disbanded in 1875. Synagogue burned and was pulled down in 1914. The Jewish cemetery originated probably in second half of 18th century with last known Jewish burial at end of 19th century. Milikov (Miltigau in German), 1 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery. The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private property crossing fields, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and no gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.0719 ha. 20-100 stones date from probably end of 18th century (legible: 1821) to 19th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Probably Plzen Jewish community owns site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II probably 1938 by Nazis, during World War II, 1945-1981 many gravestones and walls and gates stolen after 1958. There is no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion and pollution.
     Dr. Peter Braun, Komenskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-15-58; Rudolf Loewy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84 and Jiri Fiedler, Bedickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on September 7, 1992. Documentation: census 1724, 1830, 1850, 1930; cadastre of 1841, 1861; Die Juden und Jedengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; notes of research made by Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha in 1947, 1958 and 1966. The site was not visited. Dr. P. Sebesta and Dr. Stribrny from Mestske Muzeum in Frantiskovy Lazne were interviewed in 1992.

MALESCHAU: (German) see Malesov
MALESICE: (German: Malesitz) also used cemetery at Mesto Touskov
MALESITZ: (German for Malesice) also used cemetery at Mesto Touskov

MALESOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000128
Alternate German name: Maleschau. Malesov is located in Bohemia, Kutna Hora at 49º55 15º14, 5 km SW of Kutna Hora and 13 km S of Kolin. Cemetery: 400 meters SW. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish communitywas early 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 8. Jews moved to Kutna Hora and to big towns in the second half of the 19th century. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1758 with last known legible Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial 1956. Kutna Hora (from mid-19th century), 5 km away, used cemetery. The isolated suburban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall, a continuous fence, and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2766 ha. 100-500 stones, most in original locations, date legibly from mid-18th-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery has special section for children and no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a gravedigger's house. Praha Jewish community owns the site used as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Jewish groups within the country did restoration after 1985. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Serious threat: vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and vegetation.
     Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Bedickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on May 27, 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia, 1980; census 1819, 1724, 1930. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Mrs. Koutska, Malesov, was interviewed in 1992.

MALINEC:     used the cemetery at Svihov

MARIANSKE LAZNE:     US Commission No. CZCE000015
[Probably used cemetery at Drmoul before 1875]
Alternate German name: Marienbad. Marianske Lazne is located in Bohemia, Cheb at 49º58 12º42, 300 km SSW of Karlovy Vary and 53 km NW of Plzen. Cemetery: 2 km SW, in Chebska Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish communitywas 1824. 1930 Jewish population was 405. Two world conferences of Agudath Israel (1937 and 1947) were held here. Yeshiva of Agudath Israel was in Marianske Lazne, 1947-48. Ancestors of American Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise and spa-physicians lived here. The Jewish cemetery originated probably in 1875. Buried in the cemetery were Salomon Kalischer (1843-1925), President of the Union of German Jewish Communities and Professor Theodor Lessing (1872-1933), German philosopher (killed by the Nazis in Marianske Lazne). The Progressive/Reform Jewish community used this still-active and landmarked cemetery. Between fields and woods, the isolated flat suburban land has sign in Czech, German, and English. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous fence and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 3000 sq. m. 20-100 stones, few in original locations, date from about 1900 (original tombstones of Marianske Lazne); 17th or 18th century (tombstones of Tachov); and 1714 (tombstone of Lazne Kynzvart)-20th century. (The cemetery has special section for tombstones of Tachov.) The marble, granite, sandstone and cement flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have iron decorations or lettering and with bronze decorations or lettering. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves or structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational park-woods, agricultural garden, and railway. Frequently, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and 1945-1981 1945. Local or municipal authorities and Jewish groups within country did work after 1945. Plzen Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion.
Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 000 Praha 5, tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on December 20, 1991. Documentation: many journal articles and books. No site visits or interviews occurred.

MARIENBAD: (German) see Marianske Lazne. Probably also used cemetery at Drmoul before 1875; also see Lazne Kynzvart

MARKT-STIEPANAU: (German) see Trhovy Stephanov

MARKVAREC:     US Commission No. CZCE000129
Alternate German name: Markwaretz (Markwarding). Markvarec is located in Morava-Jindrichuv Hradec at 49º08 15º20, 40 km SW of Jihlava. Cemetery: 0.8 km SE. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish communitywas 18th century. The Jewish population was 7 Jews in 1921 and none in 1929/1930. The Jewish community ceased in 1888. The landmarked (Nr. 2023 S.B.) Jewish cemetery originated in 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1934. The wooded flat isolated site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1223 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original locations, date from 1723 to the 20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones and flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and German inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments or known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on March 1, 1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. The site was visited by no on J. Klenovsky. No interviews.

MARKWARDING: (German) see Markvarec
MARKWARETZ: (German) see Markvarec
MASCHAU: (German) see Mastov

MASTOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000249
Alternate German name: Maschau. Mastov is located in Bohemia, Chomutov at 50º16 13º17, 20 km WSW of Zatec. The cemetery is at 1 km ENE. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish communitywas 16th or 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 30. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century and in first third of 20th century (108 Jews in 1900). Independent congregation disbanded in 1897. The Jewish cemetery allegedly originated in 15th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in first third of 20th century. Zdar (Saar in German) before 1884; Podboransky Rohozec (Rust in German) in 18th century, 9 km and 6 km away, used this cemetery. The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside, just near a shooting-range, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road behind a co-operative farm field and the shooting-range, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 2744 sq. m. 20-100 stones date from probably 17th or 18th-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house ruin. Usti nad Labem Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and a shooting-range. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Nazis, during World War II, vandalized the cemetery in 1938. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1981 and in 1982 when Barbra Streisand's crew filming movie Yentl removed about 50 historical tombstones. No maintenance. Very serious threat: vegetation. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and existing nearby development.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fielder, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on May 16, 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden Bohemens, 1934; Wenzel Rott: Der politische Bezirk Podersam, 1902; notes of deceased architect Oldrich Okac (from Barbra Streisand's team); notes of Tomas Kohn, son of last Jews of Mastov; cadastre of 1843, 1860; and censuses of 1570, 1724, 1930, 1991. The site was not visited. Old inhabitants of Mastov, 1982; O. Okac, 1983 in Prague and T. Kohn, 1984-85 in Zlutice were interviewed.

MECHOLUPY:     US Commission No. CZCE000361
Alternate German name: Michelob. Mecholupy is located in Bohemia, Louny at 50º16 13º33, 6 km S of Zatec and 47 km E of Karlovy Vary. Cemetery: 1400 meters SE of chateau. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was first half of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 13. Congregation originated in last quarter of 18th century or first third of 19th century. Peak Jewish population in 1860 (121 Jews, 18% of total population). Later, they moved to big towns. Independent congregation disbanded in 1931. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1857 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform burial before 1943. Liborice (Liboritz in German) and Zelec (Seltsch in German), 2 km and 3 km away, used this cemetery. Between fields and woods, the isolated crown of a hill has no sign or marker. Reached across co-operative farm field, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1377 ha. 20-100 stones date from second half of 19th-20th century. The granite and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Teplice Jewish community owns the site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and forest. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred probably prior to World War II 1938 by Nazis, during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. No maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion and vandalism.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fielder, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on May 1, 1992. Documentation: Karl Tutte: Der politische Bezirk Saaz, 1904; Friedrich Selner: Statistische Tafeln des Saazer Bezirkes, 1864; Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; cadastre of 1860; census 1724, 1830, 1860, 1930, 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

MECLOV: (Metzling in German) used the cemetery at Pobezovice

MELNIK:     US Commission No. CZCE000362
Melnik is located in Bohemia, Melnik at 50º21 14º29, 28 km N of center of Praha and 30 km WSW of Mlada Boleslav. Cemetery: 1 km NE of square, in Dobrovskeho Street. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with none or under 10 Jews. Caretaker with key is found at the gravedigger's house: Dobrovskeho 1743/30, 276 01 Melnik.      Earliest known Jewish community was prayer room recorded in 1850. 1930 Jewish population was 94. Before 1848, only 2 Jewish families were permitted. After 1848, Jews moved from area into Melnik. Peak Jewish population about 1900. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1878 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1943. The flat urban cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing yard of gravedigger's house, access is open with permission via a continuous masonry wall, a continuous fence, and locking gate surround. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.3993 ha. 20-100 stones, most in original locations, date from last quarter of 19th to 20th centuries. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site are a pre-burial house and a gravedigger's house. Praha Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and a run for horses. Adjacent properties are residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did periodic restoration. Melnick Jewish community pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and vandalism.
     Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on August 28, 1992. Documentation: census 1830, 1849, 1930; Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1893; Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia, 1980. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

MERKLIN:     US Commission No. CZCE000016
Merklin is located in Bohemia, Plzen-S at 49º35 13º00, 25 km SSW of Plzen. Cemetery: 1 km SSW. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was first half of 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 12. The Jewish community congregation disbanded about 1913. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1934. The wooded flat isolated site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1737 sq. m. 20-100 or 100-500 stones, most in original locations date from 1718 or 1791 illegible-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the property used as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II or 1945-1981. Moderate threats: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threats: weather erosion, pollution and vegetation.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on January 3, 1992. Documentation: Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum, about 1960; land register, 1837-58. The site was not visited. People from the district museum in Blovice were interviewed.

MESTEC KRALOVE:     US Commission No. CZCE000130
[Also used Kovanice cemetery before 1898] Alternate German name: Koenigstadel; Kralovemestec. Mestec Kralove is located in Bohemia, Nymburk at 50º12 15º18, 20 km ENE of Kolin and 36 km W of Hradec Kralove. The cemetery is at 1 km SW. The present population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1866. 1930 Jewish population was 33. Jews moved to big towns in the second half of the 19th century. Daniel Mayer (1957-), rabbi of Czech Republic, who made aliyah to Israel in 1991, was born here. The Jewish cemetery originated after 1894 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial probably before 1943. Cineves (Tschinowes in German), 6 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery. The flat suburban site, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.051 ha. 1-20 stones are all in original locations and legible from 1905. The granite, limestone and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and Czech inscriptions. Within the limits of the site are a pre-burial house, funeral coach, and a wall but no known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential and municipal cemetery. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II or 1945-1981. Jewish groups within the country did restoration occasionally. Praha Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threats: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threats: weather erosion, pollution and vegetation.
     Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on May 27, 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia, 1980; Jarbuch fur die israelische Kultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1894-95. No site visits or interviews occurred.

MESTO KYNZVART: (Hungarian) see Lazne Kynzvart

MESTO TOUSKOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000282
Alternate German names: Tuschkau Stadt or Touschkau Stadt. It is in Bohemia, Plzen-sever (Pilsen-North) at 49º47 13º15, 10 km WNW of Plzen. Cemetery: 1 km NW of square. Present population is 1000-5000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was1679 but congregation is older, probably from the 16th century. 1930 Jewish population (census) was 43 in Mesto Touskov and 26 in Kozolupy. Presumably Jews settled after banished from Plzen in first half of 16th century. 12 families were permitted in 1724 and 9 families in first half of 19th century. Independent congregation joined congregation of Kozolupy probably in late 19th century. Both burial societies integrated in 1933. Noteworthy individual was local Jewish nobleman Simon Lamel von Lamelsfeld (18th century). Jewish cemetery originated before 1544. Rabbis and family of von Lamelsfeld are buried here with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1939. Kozolupy (Ger: Kosolup), 2 km away; Malesice (Ger: Malesitz), 5 km away and Nyrany (Nurschan), 7 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery. Between fields and woods, the isolated hillside has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The cemetery walls were stolen and no gate exists. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.6401 ha. 1-20 gravestones, with none in original location but none toppled or broken. [sic] Some stones were removed from the cemetery to museum by Nazis who sold the majority to the town of Dobrany. Other gravestones were simply stolen. Remaining stones date from probably 19th century but before WWII; the oldest legible tombstone dated from 1543. The 19th-20th century granite and sandstone flat shaped stones have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Now a forest, the Jewish community of Plzen or the municipality of Plzen owns the site. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II until the last 10 years. No maintenance, care or structures. Security (uncontrolled access) and vegetation are very serious threats. Vegetation overgrowth constantly disturbs stones. The cemetery has been buried by nature. Weather erosion is a moderate threat while pollution is a slight threat.
     Dr. Peter Braun, Komenskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-15-58, Rudolf Lowy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 6 November 1992. Documentation: 1. Censuses of 1679, 1724, 1830, 1921, and 1930; 2. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 3. Gustav A. Schimmer: Statistik des Judenthums... 1873; 4. 1983 letter of historian A. Winter; and 5. 1990 letter of historian of Nyrany. Braun and Lowy visited site in February 1992. No interviews.

METZLING: (German for Meclov) used the cemetery at Pobezovice
MICHELOB: (German) see Mecholupy
MICHLE: also used cemetery at Kostelec U Krisku
MIES: (German) See Stribro. Used the cemetery at Telice up to 1900 and also at Svojein before 1900
MIKOVICE:     used the cemetery at Blevice

MIKULOV:     US Commission No. CZCE000131
http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Nikolsburg/picscem.htm has cemetery photos
Alternate German name: Nickolsburg. Town is in Morava-Breclav at 48º48 16º38, 40 km S of Brno. Cemetery: 0.3 km N of town in Kozi hradek-Str. Present population is 5000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community wastown: 15th century. 1930 Jewish population was 437 Jews. Privilege was granted 1509. Jews of Vienna immigrated in 1670 to this seat of Moravian "landrabbi" from 1550 to 1850. Noteworthy individuals: Rabbis Jehuda Loew ben Becalel (1511-1609), Semuel Smelke Horrowitz (1726-1778), Menachem Mendel Krochmal (1600-1661), and Mordechaj Benet (1753-1829.) The landmarked (# 1548 S.M.) Jewish cemetery originated 15th century. M.M. Krochmal (+1661), S.S. Horrowtiz (+1778), and M. Benet (+1829) are buried here with last known Conservative Jewish burial was about 1950s. The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has Czech sign mentioning Jews, the Jewish Community, and famous individuals buried in the cemetery. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 1.918 ha. 500-1000 gravestones, all in original locations with 50%-75% toppled or broken, date from 1618-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The cemetery is divided into special sections for men, rabbis, children, and old/new parts. The marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, or obelisks have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces, iron decorations or lettering, bronze decorations or lettering, and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to the Holocaust and Jewish soldiers but no known mass graves. There is a pre-burial house with distinctive architecture. Brno Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Frequently, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimage group and private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred from 1945 onward. Individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin, regional or national authorities, and Jewish groups within country re-erected stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate annually as needed. Brno Jewish Congregation pays a regular caretaker. Security (uncontrolled access) and incompatible nearby development are slight threats. Weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, and vandalism are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem disturbing stones.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934) and Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. He visited site in January 1992. No interviews.
     http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Nikolsburg/homeniko.htm [October 2000]

MILESCHAU: (German for Milesov) used the cemetery at Cizkovice
MILESOV: (Mileschau in German) used the cemetery at Cizkovice

MILEVSKO:     US Commission No. CZCE000363
Alternate German name: Mulhausen. Town is in the Bohemia, Pisek at 49º27 14º22, 22 km NE of Pisek and 21 km WNW of Tabor. Cemetery: 2 km ENE of the square, on the cadastre of Sepekov. Present population is 5000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was late 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 81. Noteworthy historical events: Jewish community reduced by authorities in 1724. Peak Jewish population was in second half of 19th century (198 people in 1890). Later, Jews moved to big towns. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1715 with last known Conservative or Reform Jewish burial before 1943. Between fields and woods, on a slightly isolated hillside a tablet in Czech near the entrance gives a brief history. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a newly reconstructed masonry wall and non-locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.1932 ha. 100-500 gravestones, with 20-100 not in original locations and 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 1715-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery are incorporated into roads or structures. The marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Tin roofs [ohel] protect several gravestones. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. A pre-burial house has wall inscriptions ("You are dust and you will return to dust" in Czech and Hebrew) and a little platform for funeral speeches. Praha Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are meadow, private orchard, and forest. Occasionally, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups, private visitors, and local residents stop. The cemetery never was vandalized. Regional or national authorities and Jewish groups within country re-erected stones, cleared vegetation and fixed wall after 1989. Current care: continuing reconstruction. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are moderate threats. Weather erosion, pollution, and vegetation are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske na. 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey in August 1992. Documentation: 1. Josef Kytka: Milevsko a jeho kraj (1940); 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Pamatky archeologicke a mistopisne III (1859); 4. Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultesgemeinden Bohemens (1894-95); 5. Cadastre of 1831 and 1855; and Censuses of 1723, 1849, 1890, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation exists but were inaccessible: records No. 14, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 in archives of Prague Jewish Congregation. Mertl visited site on 8 September 1992. Dr. K. Dolista in Praha (1985-1988) was interviewed.

MILIKOV: (Miltigau in German) used the cemetery at Mala Sitbor
MILIN: also used cemetery at Kamenna
MILTIGAU: (German for Milikov) used the cemetery at Mala Sitbor
MINKOWITZ: (German) used the cemetery at Blevice

MIROSLAV:     US Commission No. CZCE0000132
Alternate German name: Misslitz. Miroslav is in Morava-Znojmo at 48º57 16º19, 35 km SW of Brno. Cemetery: 0.6 km SE on Nadrazni Street. Present population is 1000-5000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was the 16th century. 1938 Jewish population was 269. This was a self-standing political community from 1867 to 1924. Noteworthy individuals: Dr. Simon Stern (19th century), rabbi; Jakob Herzog (1842-1915), playright; Armin Brunner (1864-1929), writer; Ernst Muller (1880-1954), poet. The Jewish cemetery originated in the 16th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1940. The isolated suburban hillside has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall, a broken masonry wall, and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.592 ha. 500-1000 gravestones, in original location with 50%-75% toppled or broken, date from 1691-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Jewish soldiers but no known mass graves. There is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Brno Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred from World War II onward. Local non-Jewish residents, local or municipal authorities, and Jewish groups within country re-erected stones, patched broken stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall in 1946-67, 1985, and 1991. Current care is occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities. Security (uncontrolled access), pollution, vandalism, and incompatible nearby development are slight threats. Weather erosion and vegetation are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth constantly disturbs stones.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Mahrens (1928) and Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. Klenovsky visited site in November 1991. No interviews.

MIROTICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000364
Alternate German name: Mirotitz. Mirotice, is in Bohemia-Pisek at 49º26 14º02, 16 km NW of Pisek and 21 km NNE of Strakonice. Cemetery: 0.3 km N of the square, near Neradovska Street. Present population is almost 1000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community wastown was 1681. 1930 Jewish population was 14 Jews but 25 by racial laws of 1942. Scanty independent congregation had peak population in mid-19th century with 15 families disbanded probably in the early 20th century but synagogue existing until 1941. A noteworthy individual from the town was JUDr. J. Kohn, author of distinguished legal publications. The landmarked 1681 Jewish cemetery originated in 1681 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1946. Pisek (before 1879); Rakovice; Varvazov (Ger: Warwaschau); Orlik nad Vltavou (Ger: Worlik); and Blatnu, 2-16 km away, used this well-preserved cemetery. The isolated suburban gentle slope has Czech sign reading "Jewish Cemetery." The ceremonial hall exists; more detailed printed information is available. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission with locking gate. The size of cemetery before and after WWII is 03417 ha. 100-500 gravestones, with 1-20 not in original locations and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from allegedly 1647 but one is legible from 1690-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery were incorporated into roads or structures. The marble, granite, limestone, sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, or multi-stone monuments, some with metal fences around graves, have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but a pre-burial house with a communal coffin affixed to the bier does. Used for Jewish cemetery only, Jewish community of Praha owns the site. Adjacent properties are agricultural meadow and private garden. Occasionally, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimage group, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors, and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred between 1945 and ten years ago. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish groups within country re-erected stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and wall fixed. Praha Jewish Congregation pays regular caretaker. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are slight threats.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske na. 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey in August 1992. Documentation: 1. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 2. Hana Volavkova: Pribeh zidovskeho muzea ... (1966); 3. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 4. Old "town books" of Mirotice in town archives; 5. Notes of the Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; 6. 1983-86 letters of J. Kostner; 7. Cadastres (a public record, survey or map of the value, extent and ownership of land as a basis of taxation) of 1831 and 1855; and 8, censuses of 1724, 1859, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. Mertl and Fiedler visited the site. Vaclav Krajic on 8 September 1992 and Dr. J. Skoda in 1990 and 1992 were interviewed.

MIROVICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000365
Alternate German name: Mirowitz. Mirovice is located in Bohemia, Pizek at 49º32 14º02, 24 km NNW of Pisek and 54 km SE of Plzen. Cemetery: 1 km N of Catholic Church. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was late 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 34. Jewish community (12 families) was banished in 1722 and settled in both suburbs and nearby village; suburban ghetto originated in 1724. Peak Jewish population was in 1890 with 50 people. The Jewish cemetery originated in 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in approximately 1955. Svucice, 4 km away, used this probably landmarked cemetery. Between fields and woods, the hillside, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign but has gate or wall with 2 yellow Mogen Davids on each side of new cemetery gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.403 ha. The cemetery has newer part level and older part on the slope. 100 stones date from 1764-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, sculpted monuments (1 statue) or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house renovated. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and forest. Occasionally, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did the restoration recently. Now, there is probably regular caretaker. Serious threat: vandalism.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on August 1992. Documentation: 1. Jan Toman: Dejiny mesta Mirovic, I (1948); 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 4. Notes of the Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; 5. 1983-1986 letters of J. Toman and 6. censuses of 1724, 1859, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

MIROTITZ: see Mirotice
MIROWITZ: (German) see Mirovice
MISKOVICE: (Hungarian) see Myslkovice
MISKOWITZ: (German) see Mysolkovice
MISSLITZ: see Miroslav
MISTEK: (FRIEDECK/MISTEK/): (German) see Frydek-Mistek

MLADA BOLESLAV:     US Commission No. CZCE000250
Alternate name: Jungbunzlau in German. Mlada Boleslav is located in Bohemia, Mlada Boleslav at 50º25 14º54, 50 km NE of Praha. Cemetery: 200 meters SE of the castle in Prazska (Dimitrovova) Street. Present town population is 25,000-100,000 with fewer than 10 or 10-100 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 264. Peak Jewish population was in the mid-19th century (about 900 people or 18% of total population). Native town and burial site of the following: many prominent rabbis, Jakob Bassevi (1570-1634, the first Jew ennobled in Hapsburg Empire), writer Isidor Heller (1816-1879), Czechoslovak minister Alfred Meissner (1871-1952), poet and cartoonist Frantisek Gellner (1881-1914), and painter Max Horb (1882-1907). The Jewish cemetery originated in perhaps 1584 with last known Conservative Jewish burial probably in 1960s. Probably, Dolni Cetno (before 1869) and Lustenice and Benatky nad Jizerou, 8 km and 10 km and 15 km away, used this landmarked site. The isolated urban hillside has a sign or plaque in Czech ("Cultural Monument"). Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1.3475 ha. 500-5000 stones, most in original locations, date from 1585 or 1604-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces, with bronze decorations or lettering, portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. The cemetery was hit by an air raid during WWII. Regional/national authorities, Jewish individuals and groups within country did restoration after 1945 and and in 1989-1992. Praha Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 26 June 1992. Documentation: 1. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934) and 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Fiedler visited site in 1990. No interviews
     Update: Daniel Dratwa; dratwa@mjb-jmb.org: The Jewish exhibition catelogmetery at Mlada Boleslav, 413, article p. 000414, 6/19/1990, "Sadek Vladimir, Sedinova Jirina", title: Judaica Bohemiae, Volume XVIII/1, 1982, pp. 50-54, ANG. The books are among the collection at the Jewish Museum of Belgium.

MLADA VOZICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000366
Alternate name: Jung-Woschitz in German. Mlada Vozice is located in Bohemia, Tabor at 49º32 14º49, 20 km NE of Tabori. Cemetery: 4 km N on the cadastre of Belec, near the road between the settlement Elbancice and the village Vilice. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1701. 1930 Jewish population was 63. Peak Jewish population was in 1880 with 152 people. Later, Jews moved to big towns. The Jewish cemetery originated before 1723 with last known Jewish burial before 1943. The Conservative or Progressive/Reform used this probably landmarked cemetery as did Zlate Hory (formerly Kamberk/Ger: Kamberg, 4 km away), Oldrichov (Ger: Ullershof, 7 km away) in 18th century, and Bendovo Zahori in 19th century (7 km away). The wooded flat isolated site without sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.28 ha. 100-500 stones date from 1786-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions but no known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns cemetery. Adjacent properties are forest. Frequently, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and pollution. Slight threat: weather erosion, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed the survey in August 1992. Documentation: 1. Augustin Sedlacek: Minulost mesta Mlade Vozice...(1870); 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; 4. Vestnik ZNO, 1986, No. 10; and 5. Censuses of 1723, 1880, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: records No. 26, 35, 36, 41, 59, and 60 in archives of Prague Jewish Congregation. Mertl visited site on July 18, 1992. No interviews
MNICHOVO HRADISTE:     US Commission No. CZCE000251
Alternate name: Munchengratz in German. Mnichovo Hradiste is located in Bohemia, Mlada Boleslav at 50º3 2 14º59, 13 km NE of Mlada Boleslav. Cemetery: 700 meters W of the square. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was probably 17th century but recorded in second half of 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 37. Peak Jewish population was first half of 19th century with 1837 population of 177 and 1890 population of 123. Jews moved to big towns in 20th century. This was the native town of Austrian writer Leopold Kompert (1822-1886). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. Dolni Bousov and Domousnice and Rozdalovice (before 1832) 14 km, 17 km, and 28 km away, used site. A sign or plaque in Czech marks the isolated flat suburban at the crown of a hill. Inscriptions on pre-burial house mention Jews and the former cemetery. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is entirely closed. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2611 ha. No stones exist. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to former cemetery but no known mass graves or structures. Praha Jewish community or the municipality owns the property used as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational and residential. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1981-91 (pulled down after 1981) and 1945-1981. Jewish groups within the country did restoration before 1975 with vandalism afterward. There is no maintenance. Slight threat: existing and proposed nearby development.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 26 June 1992. Documentation: 1. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; and 4. Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens (1894-5). Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: Records 53, 59, 60, and 62 in archives of Praha Jewish congregation. Fiedler visited site in 1991. Inhabitants of neighboring houses and the Catholic parish priest in Mnichovo Hradiste from 1985-1991 were interviewed.

MOHELNICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000183
Alternate name: Muglitz in German. Mohelnice is located in Morava, Sumperk at 49º47 16º55, 35 km NW of Olomouc. Cemetery: 15 km SE, Moravicanska Str. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1322 in 1848. 1930 Jewish population was 59. The Jewish community originated in 1870. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1904-6 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1942. The flat suburban, rural (agricultural) site, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 15x30 meters. 1-20 stones, all in original locations, date from 20th century. The marble and granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones, multi-stone monuments, or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have iron decorations or lettering. The cemetery contains no special memorial monuments but has marked mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are cemetery. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred 1945-1981. Local/municipal authorities and Jewish groups within country did restoration in 1990-1. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, pollution, vegetation, vandalism and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer-Architect Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on March 1, 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). He visited site in 1990. No interviews.

MOLDAUTEIN: (German for Tyn Nad Vlatavou) see Kolodeje Nad Luznice

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