International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Czech Republic: Former Bohemia and Moravia--Czechoslovakia


THE CEMETERIES L

LABANTH: (German for Labut) also used cemetery at Nove Sedliste
LABUT: (Labanth in German) also used cemetery at Nove Sedliste
LANGENDORF: (German) see Dlouha Ves
LANGENDORFLAS: (German) see Dlouhy Ujezd
LASH: (Hebrew) see Hroznetin
LAUN: (German) see Louny
LAUTSCHIM: (German) see Loucim

LAZNE KYNZVART:     US Commission No. CZCE000353
[Some tombstones are in Maranske Lazne] Alternate German names: Koengiswart and Bad Koenigswart. Hungarian names: Mesto Kynzvart and Kinzvart. Town is in Bohemia-Cheb at 50º01 12º38, 13 km NW of Marianske and 37 km ESE of Cheb. Cemetery: 400 meters NNE of square, near road leading to village of Lazy. Present population is 1000-5000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community allegedly was 14th century, but recorded in the first half of 15th century. 1930 Jewish population was 12. Jews, expelled from Cheb in 1430, moved to Kynzvart (allegedly 180 Jewish families lived then in Kynzvart). Famous, old synagogue in local ghetto and medieval cemetery existed. In first half of 19th century, 46 families were permitted; after 1848, Jews moved to big towns and to USA. Independent congregation disbanded between 1922 and 1929. Native town and burial site of Austrian family Konigswarter (noblemen and bankers). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1405 with last known Orthodox or Conservative Jewish burial before 1939. The surrounding town and village congregations used this cemetery before founding their own cemeteries. The isolated rural wooded hillside has no sign. Reached by turning off a private road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. No stones are visible. The original cemetery size is unknown. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in another cemetery: two historic gravestones in Marianske Lazne or stolen. No structures. The present owner of the property is unknown but probably Plzen Jewish congregation. The cemetery property and adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, private visitors stop. The Nazis vandalized the cemetery prior to World War II in 1938 and during World War II (1944) when the German army entirely liquidated the cemetery to use gravestones for paving. Past maintenance: two gravestones were transferred and erected in the cemetery of Marianske Lazne in Marienbad. Gravestones used as pavement were picked up from the street but later stolen. Jewish groups within country carried out restoration in the 1950s and probably in 1977. Current care: none. No threats.
     Dr. Peter Braun, Komeskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-14-58; Rudolf Loewy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 7 September 1992. Documentation: 1. Censuses of 1724, 1750, 1830, and 1930; 2. Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 3. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 4. Die aussaen enter Tranen (1959); 5. 1985 letter of Mrs. M. Tanzerova from Jewish congregation in Plzen; and 6. Notes of research made by Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha in 1947 and 1960. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: No. 35 and 36 in cadastral RecordsOffice Geodezie. Braun and Loewy visited site in March 1992 with Dr. Pavel Sebesta from Chebske Muzeum, who was interviewed.

LAZNE PODEBRADY: (Hungarian) see Podebrady
LAZY: see Lazne Kynzvart
LEDAU: (German) see Letov

LEDEC NAD SAZAVOU:     US Commission No. CZCE000244
Alternate German name: Ledetsch. It is in Bohemia, Havlickuv Brod at 49º42 15º17, 36 km S of Kolin. Cemetery: 600 meters SW of town. Present population is 5000-25,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 17th century. 1935 Jewish population was 35. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century. Native town of mother of composer Gustav Mahler (Marie Herrmann, born 1837); native town of Frank Steiner (b. 1919, resident of Florida-USA), collaborator in distribution of Czech Torahs of Westminster Synagogue of London to congregations all over the world. The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated in early 17th century with last known Conservative or Reform/Progressive Jewish burial before 1943. The suburban hillside by water, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign. Reached by crossing public municipal cemetery property, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and a broken fence and non-locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.1778 ha. 100-500 gravestones, 20-100 not in original locations with more than 75% toppled or broken, dates from 17th-20th centuries. The marble, granite, limestone, and gneiss flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or multi-stone monuments, some with metal fences around graves, have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves, but there is a pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential and municipal cemetery. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred between 1945 and ten years ago (after 1965) and occasionally in the last ten years. Individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin or Jewish groups within country cleared vegetation occasionally and fixing of roof of mortuary in 1980s. [Information provided by Mrs. Jana Wolfava] No current care. Vandalism and security (uncontrolled access) is a serious threat. Pollution and vegetation are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access. Water drainage at the cemetery is a constant problem.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 9 June 1992. Documentation: 1. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 2. Notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha (1965); and 3. Censuses of 1724 and 1930. Other documentation was inaccessible. Fiedler visited site in June 1992. No interviews.

LEDETSCH: see Ledec Nad Sazavou
LEEDAU: (German) see Letov
LEIPNIK: (German) see Lipnik-Lipnik nad Becvou
LEITMERITZ: (German) see Litomerice used the cemetery at Lovosice
LEITOMISCHL: (German) see Litomysl

LEDNICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000120
Alternate German name: Eisgrub. It is in Morava-Breclav at 48º47 16º48, 45 km SE of Brno. Cemetery: 0.8 km W on Mikulovska Street. Present population is 1000-5000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was after 1670. Jewish community ceased in 1890. 1930 Jewish population was 32. The Jewish cemetery originated in 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. The isolated suburban hillside has no sign. Landmarked: (Nr. 1378 S.M). Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and no gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.1212 ha. One walled-up gravestone is in the cemetery. Some stones removed from the cemetery were reburied here and then stolen. The municipality owns the property used as a park. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred from 1945 on. No maintenance or care. Security (uncontrolled access), weather erosion, pollution, and vegetation are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access. Vandalism and incompatible nearby development (existing) are slight threats. Incompatible development (planned or proposed) is a serious threat.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 17 Feb 1992. Documentation: 1. Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Mahrens (1928); and 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists was too old. He visited site in February 1992. No interviews.

LESKAU: (German for Lestkov) also used cemetery at Koren
LESNA: (German: Schoenwald) probably used the cemetery at Porejov
LESTKOV: (called Leskau in German) also used cemetery at Koren
LETAU: (German) see Letov

LETOV: (part of the town PODBORANY) US Commission No. CZCE000245
Alternate German names: Ledau, Leedau and Letau. It is in Bohemia, Louny, at 50º14 13º27, 3 km ENE of Podborany, 12 km SSW of Zatec, and 38 km E of Karlovy Vary. Cemetery: 0.5 km SE of town. Present population is under 1000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was before 1783. There was 1 Jew in 1930. Jews moved to Podborany and to big towns after 1848; seat of congregation moved to Podborany in 1870. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1783 with last known Conservative burial probably in 1889. 2-5 km away were Blsany (Ger: Flohau), Libesovice (Ger: Lishwitz), Liborice (Ger: Liboritz) probably before 1857, and Podborany (Ger: Podersam) that used the cemetery. The isolated rural (agricultural) crown of a hill has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and a slightly damaged non-locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: probably 0.1316 ha. 20-100 gravestones, with some not in original locations and more than 75% toppled or broken, date from 1845-20th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and/or German inscriptions. Usti nad Labem Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Compared to 1939, cemetery boundaries are smaller because of new roads or highways. Rarely, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred from WWII onward. No maintenance or care. Security (uncontrolled access), vandalism, and weather erosion are moderate threats. Pollution, a moderate problem, results of incompatible nearby development are serious threats: a wild dump is very close to the cemetery. Uncontrolled vegetation overgrowth constantly disturbs stones, a very serious threat. Incompatible development (planned or proposed) is a slight threat.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 5 June 1992. Documentation: 1. Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 2. W. Rott: Der politsche Bezirk Podersam (1902); 3. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 4.notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha (1957); 5. Cadastres [a public record, survey or map of the value, extent and ownership of land as a basis of taxation] of 1859 and 1878; and 6. Censuses of 1724, 1836, 1930, and 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. Mertl visited site on 16 May 1992. No interviews.

LIBAN:     US Commission No. CZCE000040
[Used cemetery at Domousnice before 1910] Liban is located in Bohemia, Jicanc. Cemetery: 900 m S of the square, close to the road leading to Psinice at 50º22 15º13, 11 km SW of Jicin and 21 km ESE of Mlada Boleslav. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with probably no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1849. 1930 Jewish population was 27. Religious society was founded probably before mid-19th century (regional congregation and rabbi were in Jicin 19th century and in Mlada Boleslav in 20th century.). Peak Jewish population was between 1900-1920 (about 50 people). Native town of young poet Jiri Daniel (1916-1945). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1910 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial 1949. The flat suburban agricultural part of a municipal cemetery has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, acess is open to all via a continuous masonry wall (municipal cemetery), but no wall or fence (Jewish part). There is a locking gate (munipal cemetery), (Jewish part). The approximate size of cemetery before WWII was 0.04 ha s and is now 0.02 ha. 1-20 stones, all in original location, date from 20th century. The granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves but has a pre-burial house. The municipality owns property used for Jewish cemetery and others. Adjacent properties are agricultural and municipal cemetery. Frequently, private visitors and local residents stop. This cemetery was not vandalized. Local/municipal authorities did occasional restoration. Now, occasional clearing or cleaning by authroties' caretaker paid by a local contribution as part of municipal cemetery. Slight threat: vandalism.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 18 August 1992. Documentation: census 1849, 1885, 1900, 1921, 1930; Gustav A Schimmer: Statistik des Judenthums... (1873): and letters and notes of J.Svoboda, see 12, probably deceased (1982-1983). The site was not visited. J. Svoboda, Liban, was interviewed in 1982.

LIBECHOV: (Liboch in German) also used cemetery at Radoun

LIBEREC:     US Commission No. CZCE000303
Alternate German name: Reichenberg. Liberec is located in Bohemia, Liberec at 50º47 15º03, 80 km ENE of Usti nad Labem and 90 Km NNE of Praha. Cemetery: 900 m N of Town Hall, in Ruprecticka Street (corner of Kvetnove Revoluce Street). Present town population is over 100,000 with 10-100 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was prayer room in 1861. 1930 Jewish population was 1392. Jewish community increased during last half of 19th century (6 families in 1823, 30 families in 1861, 3144 in 1869) and had congregation since 1860s. Expulsion of Jews by Nazis was in 1938. Many Jewish inhabitants of East settled in Liberec after WWII (1211 people in 1946); congregation still exists. Prominent local industry businessmen lived here, as did German opera singer Richard Breitenfeld (1869-1942). The Jewish cemetery originated in 1865. 11 women prisoners of labour camp in Bily Kostel and 8 victims of railroad transport of prisoners in early 1945 are buried in this probably Progressive/Reform still active cemetery, but unlandmarked, cemetery. The flat isolated urban site has sign or plaque in Czech (German) or in Hebrew and inscriptions in Hebrew symbolls on gate or wall. The marker mentioned Jews. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is approximately 0.42 ha. 100-500 stones date from 1870-20th century. The cemetery has special section for children, suicides, refugees, victims: prisoners see above; urns of liquidated cemetery in Jablonec n. N. The marble, granite, sandstone and slate flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, sculpted monuments, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations or lettering and/or bronze decorations or lettering. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Jewish soldiers and marked mass graves. Within the limits of the site are a pre-burial house, a ceremonial hall (sold), and a mortuary. The pre-burial house has a tahara and a chimney. Liberec Jewish community owns the site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are residential. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred 1945-1981. Jewish groups within the country did the restoration since 1945, in 1981 and 1986-1987, continuously since 1989. Liberec Jewish congregation pays the regular caretaker. Slight threat: pollution and vegetation.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin, tel.and fax for messages: 0412/23-662 or 28-090 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 30 November 1992. Documentation: census 1930, 1946: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, (1934); and notes of research made by Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; and notes of research made by J. Fiedler in 1986. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Interviewed were Jewish congregation members in Liberec (see above), and Mrs. Kasparova (see above), etc. in Liberec, 1992.

LIBESCHITZ: (German) see Libesice

LIBESICE: (I) US Commission No. CZCE000354
Alternate name: Libeschitz; Liebeschitz in German. Libesice is located in Bohemia, Louny at 50º18 13º37, 6 km SE of Zatec and 64 km WNW of Praha. The old cemetery is located at 900 m SE of Village Green. Present town population is under 1,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was probably 17th century, recorded 1724. 1930 Jewish population was 9. Peak Jewish population was 1864 (160 people, 32% of total population) who later moved to big towns. Congregation ceased in 1931. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1776 with last known Conservative Jewish burial about 1897. Necemice (German: Netschemitz) 6 km away this cemetery. The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private field, access open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2985 ha. 20-100 stones, all in original locations, date from late 18th-20th century. The marble, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, sculpted monuments or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Teplice Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Boundaries are unchanged since 1939 with no maintenance. Rarely, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II (1938) and by Nazis. Very serious threat: vegetation. Serious threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Moderate threat: weather erosion.
Martina Chmellikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 23 August 1992.      Documentation: census 1724, 1930; cadastre of 1843-75; Friedrich Selner: Statistische Tafeln des Saazer Bezirks (1864); Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens..(1934); Jarbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens (1893-94); letters of K. Manda, (1984); and letter of D. Dubska (1984). Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. No interviews.

LIBESICE II:     US Commission No. CZCE000246
See Libesice I for town details. The new Jewish cemetery is located at 1.1 km E, on the cadastre of Dubcany. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1897 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1939. Necemice (German: Netschemitz), 6 km away, used this landmarked cemetery. The isolated flat rural (agricultural) land by an urban road has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.2 ha. 1-20 stones date from the end of the 19th-20th century. The granite and sandstone tombstones finely smoothed and inscribed stones have Hebrew and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site are two similar pre-burial house buildings with chimney in quite good condition. Usti nad Labem Jewish community owns the property used as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and road. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II and by Nazis in 1938, during World War II, and 1945-1981 with no maintenance. Serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: weather erosion, pollution and proposed nearby development. Slight threat: vegetation and existing nearby development.
     Ladislave Mertl, mgr of geography, Kubanske nam.1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 16, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on 06-05-1992. Documentation: K. Tutte: Der politische Bezirk Saaz (1904); Hugo Gold: Die Juden...Bohemens. (1934); Jarbuch fur die israelische Cultusgmeinden Bohemens (1893-1894); J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia, Prague 1980; letters of K. Manda, (1984) and of D. Dubscka, (1984); and census, 1724, 1930, 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

LIBESOVICE: (German: Lischwitz) used the cemetery at Letov
LIBEZNICE: also used cemetery at Kostelec Nad Labem
LIBLICE: see Bysice
LIBLICE: probably used cemetery at BOSYNE
LIBLITZ: (German for Liblice) probably used cemetery at BOSYNE
LIBOCANY: (German Liebotschan) used the cemetery at Ceradice
LIBOCH: (German for Libechov) also used cemetery at Radoun

LIBOCHOVICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000355
Alternate name: Libochowitz in German. Libochovice is located in Bohemia, Litomerice at 50º24 14º02, 18 km ENE of Louny and 28 km S of Usti nad Labem. Cemetery: 800 m WNW of square. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with probably no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 48. Peak Jewish population in 19th century was 261 people. Starting in 1845, Jews moved to big towns. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1583. Buried in the landmarked cemetery are rabbis with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943 (legible: 1939). The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.3165 ha. 100-500 stones date 1588-20th century. The cemetery has an old and new part. The granite, limestone, sandstone and iron flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, multi-stone monuments, or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Usti nad Labem Jewish community or the municipality own and use site for Jewish cemetery, park, playground, athletic field, and waste dumping. Properties adjacent are recreational and agricultural. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred frequently 1945-1991 (first damage in 1947). Local/municipal authorities probably did work but no maintenance. Serious threat: uncontrolled access, pollution and vegetation. Moderate threat: weather erosion. Slight threat: existing and proposed nearby development.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske nam.1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/74313; and Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin 9, for message tel. and fax: 0412/23662 or 28090 completed survey on 07-02-92. Documentation: J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens..(1934); Antonin Horsky: "A na hrbitove pasti dobytek" (article in Dnesek, 1948 pg.633); census 1570, 1846, 1930, 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Interviewed in 1992 were mayor and vicemayor (see above) and L. Marek and L. Mrkvicka in Libochovice.

LIBODRICE: also used cemetery at Kolin I and II
LIBODRITZ: also used cemetery at Kolin I and II
LIBORICE: (Liboritz in German) probably used the cemetery at Letov before 1857 and used the cemetery at Mecholupy
LIBORITZ: (German name for Liborice) probably used the cemetery at Letov before 1857 and used the cemetery at Mecholupy
LIBOCHOWITZ: (German) see Libochovice
LIBYNE: (called Libin German) used the cemetery in Drahonicerman
LICHTENSTADT: (German) see Hroznetin
LIEBEN: (German) see Praha-Liben (old and new cemeteries)
LIEBESCHITZ: (German) see Libesice
LIEBOTSCHAN: (German for Libocany) used the cemetery at Ceradice
LINZ: (actually in AUSTRIA) also used cemetery at Rozmberk Nad Vltavou I
LIPNICE NAD SAZAVOU: also used cemetery at Humpolec

LIPNIK I: (LIPNIK NAD BECVOU) US Commission No. CZCE000121
Alternate name: Leipnik in German. Lipnik (Lipnik Nad Becvou) is located in Morava-Prerov at 49º32 17º36, 25 km E of Olomouc. The old cemetery is located at 0.4 km S, Zahradni-St. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1540. 1930 Jewish population was 154. The Jewish community was a self-standing political community from 1880-1919. Rabbi Baruch Teomin-Fraenkel, +1828 lived and is buried there. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1567 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1883. The flat urban location, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.5909 ha. 1-20 sandstone and other tombstones date from 19th century and have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are residential. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and 1945-1981. Jewish groups abroad did restoration 1990-2. Moderate threat: vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. No interviews or visit.
LIPNIK II: (LIPNIK NAD BECVOU):     US Commission No. CZCE000122
The new cemetery is located 0.4 km S, Zahradni-Str. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1883. Rabbi Hillel is buried in the cemetery with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1950s. Landmark: Nr. 3180 N.M. The flat urban location, separate but near cemeteries, has a sign or plaque in Czech mentioning the Jewish Community. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.6625 ha. 500-5000 stones, most in original locations, date from 1883-20th century. The marble, granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, multi-stone monuments, or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have iron decorations or lettering, with bronze decorations or lettering and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Jewish soldiers but no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house ruin. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are residential. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Local/municipal authorities, Jewish individuals abroad, Jewish groups within country and abroad did restoration in 1990-1. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. Moderate threat: weather erosion. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, pollution, vegetation and vandalism.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1.3.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other documentation exists but not used. Klenovsky visited.

LISCHNITZ: (German for Lisnice) also used cemetery at Most
LISCHWITZ: (German for Libesovice) used the cemetery at Letov
LISNICE: (Lischnitz in German) also used cemetery at Most
LISSA: (German) see Lysa nad Labem

LITEN:     US Commission No. ZCE0000041
Alternate name: Litten in German. Liten is located in Bohemia, Beroun at 49º54 14º09, 9 km SE of Beroun and 28 km SW of Prague. Cemetery: 1 km SSW. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1715. 1930 Jewish population was 13. Peak Jewish population was 1793 with 102 people; Jews moved to big towns after 1848. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1680 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1941. Vseradice; Bestin (before 1835); Lochovice, Praskolesy, Horovice (before 1865); Beroun (before 1886) (5 km; 14 km; 13 km, 15 km, 18 km; and 8 km respectively) used cemetery. The isolated rural (agricultural) slope has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission (but available across open low wall). A continuous masonry wall and locking gate surround. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.4061 ha. 100-500 stones date from end of 17th-20th century. The cemetery has old and new part. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have inscriptions in Hebrew, German and Czech. Some tombstones have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a closed pre-burial house. Praha Jewish community owns the site used only for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural, forested, and unused areas. Occasionally, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II, (by Nazis), during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did the restoration in late 1980s-1990s. The Jewish congregation probably pays regular caretaker. Slight threats: uncontrolled access, weather erosion, vegetation and vandalism.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske nam.1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on 07-07-92. Documentation: Franisek Nezval: Zide v Horovicich a okoli (manuscript, 1986); Monografie Horovicka a Berounska, III (1929), VI (1931); J.Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); l letter of Z.Zdrubek (1984): census, 1793,1930,1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

LITOMERICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000304
[Used the cemetery at Lovosice] Alternate name: Leitmeritz in German. Litomerice is located in Bohemia, Litomerice at 50º32 14º08, 15 km SSE of Usti nad Labem and 52 km NNW of Praha. Cemetery: 900 m W of the main square. Present town population is 25,000-100,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was probably late 14th century. 1930 Jewish population was 425 people. A pogrom and banishing of Jewish community occurred in 1541 when both synagogue and cemetery ceased to exist. 1-2 families permitted since second half of 18th century. Jews moved from surrounding villages to Litomerice after 1848. Congregation originated in 1863. Jewish population peaked about 1900. Expulsion of Jewish inhabitants by Nazis was in 1938; forced labor camp (branch of Flossenburg Camp) with crematorium existed in suburb in 1944-45. Inmates of Terzin ghetto were sent to work to local rocket armory. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1876-1878 (Jewish part) with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1987. The flat suburban, part of a municipal cemetery, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. The size of cemetery before WWII and currently is approximately 0.045 ha s (Jewish part of municipal cemetery) but individual Jewish burials are in other parts of the cemetery. 20-100 stones are all in original locations. The late 19th-20th century marble, granite, slate, and cement finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have bronze decorations or lettering and/or other metallic elements. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims in Jewish portion but no known mass graves or structures (Jewish part). The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are non-Jewish parts of cemetery. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Individuals or groups of non-Jewish origin and local/municipal authorities did restoration occasionally. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear. The caretaker of municipal cemeteries is paid by a local contribution. Slight threat: vegetation and vandalism.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin; tel. and fax for messages: 0412/23-622 or 28-090; and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 29 November 1992. Documentation: Census of 14th-20th centuries. Die Juden un Judengemeinden Bohemens. (1934); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia (1980). The site was not visited. Dr. J. Smetana and Dr. Kolek from Muzeum and inhabitants of Litomerice were interviewed in 1992.

LITOMYSL:     US Commission No. CZCE000356
Alternate name: Leitomischl in German. Litomysl is located in Bohemia, Svitavy at 49º52 16º19, 17 km NW of Svitavy and 41 km ESE of Pardubice. Cemetery: 1500 n NNW of chateau. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with probably fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was second half of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 143. Sporadic records concerning Jewish population in 15th-17th century existed, but congregation is not recorded; before 1848, only 2 Jewish families were permitted. Religious society originated in 1850's or 1860's. Later, independent congregation existed. Peak Jewish population was probably about 1900. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1876. Buried in the unlandmarked cemetery are founders of local shoemaking and textile industry with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial probably before 1943. The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is approximately 0.45 ha. 1-20 stones date from last quarter of 19th-20th century. The granite and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Praha Jewish community owns the site used only for Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred in prossibly during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991 with no maintenance. Very serious threat: vandalism. Moderate threat: vegetation. Slight threat: weather erosion and pollution.
     Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 160 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5 tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 22 August 1992. Documentation: 1570, 1848, 1930 censuses. Die Juden in den bohmischen Landern (Munich-Vienna 1983). Zdenek Nejedly: Litomysl..(1954). letter of the chief of local museum (1981). No site visits or interviews occurred.

LITTEN: (German) see Liten
LOBESKIRCHEN: (German) see Horni Cerekev
LOBOSITZ: (German) see Lovosice
LOCHOVICE: also used cemeteries at Bestin, Liten and at Praskolosy

LOMNICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000123
Alternate name: Lomnitz in German. Lomnice is located in Morava-Blansko at 49º22 16º23, 25 km NW of Brno. The cemetery is 0.5 km NE, on Nova Street. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1571. 1930 Jewish population was 30. Jewish quarters were planned at the beginning of the 18th century. Self-standing political community was 1869-1919. Jewish resident: E. Donnebaum, opera director, was buried there in 1942. The landmarked (Nr. 0532 S.M.) Jewish cemetery originated in beginning of 18th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1942. A sign or plaque in Czech mentioning the Jewish Community marks the isolated suburban hillside. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall, a continuous fence, and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.3521 ha. 500-5000 stones, all in original locations, date from 1716-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house. Brno Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Local non-Jewish residents, regional/national authorities, and Jewish groups within country did restoration in 1984 and 1991. Brno Jewish Congregation pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: weather erosion, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, pollution, existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on February 16.1992. Documentation: Gold, Herman. Other exisiting documentation was not used. No site visits or interviews occurred.

LOMNICKA:     US Commission No. CZCE000013
Alternate name: Steingrub in German. Lomnicka is located in Bohemia, Cheb at 50º12, 15 km N of Cheb. Cemetery: 600 meters SW. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was about 1835. 1930 Jewish population was 0. The Jewish community disbanded about 1893. This was the birthplace of Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise (1819-1900), founding father of American Reform Judaism, UAHC and HUC in Cincinnatti. The Jewish cemetery originated before 1837. Buried in the cemetery are relatives of Rabbi Wise. Oldest legible tombstone is 1892. Probably, a Conservative Jewish community used this unlandmarked cemetery as did Fratiskovy Lazne (Franzensbad in German); Kraslice (Graslitz in German) 10 km; 15 km away. Between fields and woods, the flat isolated site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1500 sq. m. 20-100 stones, most in original locations, date from 19th century. The granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves or structures. Plzen Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and forest. Rarely, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups (Americans), Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Nazis vandalized the cemetery prior to World War II-1938, probably occasionally 1981-91 and 1945-1981 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion and pollution.
     Jiri Fiedler completed survey on January 30, 1992. Documentation: biography of Rabbi Wise, notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum (about 1960), and land register of 1842. The site was not visited. Interviewed were Mestske Muzeum, Frantiskovy Lazne, 1983.

LOMNITZ: (German) see Lomnice
LOSCHITZ: (German) see Lostice

LOSTICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000124
Alternate name: Loschitz in German. Lostice is located in Morava-Sumperk at 49º45 16º56, 30 km NW of Olomouc. Cemetery: 1.5 km SE of Vejmoly Street. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1544. 1930 Jewish population was 55 Jews. Jewish quarter was transferred in 1727. Self-standing political community existed from 1850-1919. Jewish resident: Rabbi Dr. Israel Gunzig. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1554 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. Landmark: Nr. 1000 N.M. The isolated suburban hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.6445 ha. 100-500 stones, all in original locations, date from 1680-20th century. The marble, granite and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, obelisks, or other shape have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have traces of painting on their surfaces. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a new pre-burial house. The Olomouc Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and agriculture (crops or animal grazing). Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country did restoration in 1990. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Moderate threat: weather erosion and vandalism. Slight threat: uncontrolled access, pollution, vegetation, and existing and proposed nearby development.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno completed survey [date?].

LOUCIM:     US Commission No. CZCE000357
Alternate name: Lautschim in German. Loucim is located in Bohemia, Domazlice at 49º22 13º07, 12 km WSW of Latovy and 15 km SE of Domazlice. Cemetery: 1.5 km NE. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was prayer room recorded about 1830. 1930 Jewish population was 0 Jews in Loucim, 25 Jews in Kdyne, 11 Jews in Vseruby, and 7 Jews in Pocinovice. Peak of Jewish population was 50 in 1850. The independent congregation disbanded in 1894; thereafter, the seat of regional congregation was Kdyne. Last Jewish family left Loucim in 1927. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1842. Buried in the cemetery is Moyses Reach (died 1869), philanthropic physician from Kdyne with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1948. Dlazov (Glosau in German), Pocinovice (Putzeried in German), Beharov (formerly Viharov, Wihorschau in German), Kdyne (Neugedein German), Praporiste (Braunpusch in German), Vseruby (Neumark in German), and Kolovec (Kollautschen in German), 3 to 12 km, all used this landmarked cemetery (No. 146/2136/, cat. III). The isolated wooded site at the crown of a hill has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing private forest, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall without gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2733 ha. There are 1-20 stones, no special sections, no known mass graves, or structures. The 1840's-20th century granite and sandstone flat shaped stones have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Plzen Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and forest. Adjacent properties are forest. Rarely, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred occasionally 1981-91. With no gate and part of wall, many gravestones were stolen in the 1980s and 1945-1981 with no maintenance. Moderate threat: vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion.
     Dr. Peter Braun, Komenskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-15-58 AND Rudolf Loewy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on September 7, 1992. Documentation: census recordsof 1724, 1830, and 1930; Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; history of village of Loucim; Jan Herman, Jewish Cemeteries..., 1980; Zdenek Prochazka: Loucim-kapitoly z dejin obce, 1990. No site visits or interviews occurred.

LOUNY:     US Commission No. CZCE000358
Alternate name: Laun in German. Louny is located in Bohemia, Louny at 50º21 13º48, 36 km SSW of Usti nad Labem and 51 km NW of Prague. Cemetery: 600 meters SE of main square. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 15th century. 1930 Jewish population was 205. Jewish community (over 100 Jews) banished in 1542. From 17th century until 1848, only 1 to 2 families were permitted, but prayer room for vicinity existed. Modern congregation dates of 1860. Peak Jewish population was 567 Jews in 1890. Later, Jews moved to big towns. Scanty population existed after WWII. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1874-1875 as the third Jewish cemetery in Louny. Buried in the landmarked cemetery are Rabbi David Blitz (died 1912) with last known Conservative or Progressive/ Reform Jewish burial after WWII. The urban hillside, separate but near cemeteries, has a sign or plaque in Hebrew wall reading" "The gate for all living" and Jewish symbols on gate. Reached by turning directly off a public road-from a street and open to all, a non-locking gate and continuous masonry wall surrounds on two sides only. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.1712 ha. 100-500 stones, most in original locations, date from 1870s-20th century. The granite, limestone and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some tombstones have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house with a tahara, wall inscriptions and platform for ceremonial speeches. Teplice Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are garages, central bus station, and municipal cemetery. Frequently, organized Jewish tours or pilgrimage groups (seldom), Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors, and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Jewish groups within the country: re-erected stones and periodically cleared vegetation after WWII and did other work in 1986. Teplice Jewish congregation probably pays the regular caretaker. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism. Slight threat: vegetation.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on May 17, 1992. Documentation: J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia, 1980; Frantisek Stedry: Dejiny mesta Loun, 1930; Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; Jarbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1893-1894; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; letters of Engineer J. Nic, 1987; census 1890, 1930, 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Anna Frolikova was interviewed for this survey on May 17, 1992 in Louny.

LOVOSICE I:     US Commission No. CZCE000247
Alternate name: Lobositz in German. Lovosice is located in Bohmia, Litomerice at 50º31 14.04, 6 km SW of Litomerice and _km S of Usti nad Labem. The old cemetery is located 650 meters WNW of the chateau, near the street leading to Lhotka nad Labem. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with probably no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was allegedly about 1542, recorded in 1688. 1930 Jewish population was 201. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated allegedly in 16th century, probably 1714 with last known Conservative Jewish burial about 1872. Litomerice (Leitmeritz in German) and Terezin (Theresienstadt in German) before 1876, both 6 km away, used cemetery. The flat urban location has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.12 ha. There are no stones in original locations or no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site are other structures: tower-blocks. The municipality owns property used for residential-tower-blocks. Adjacent properties are residential. Rarely, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II in 1938 by Nazis, during World War II and 1945-1981. Cemetery was obliterated in 1956. Now, there are houses and flower-beds. Moderate threat: pollution.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on June 24, 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; Jarbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1894-1894; archives of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; cadastre 1843, 1860, 1870. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Frantisek Fruhauf, former local historian, now deceased, was interviewed in 1982.
LOVOSICE II:     US Commission No. CZCE000248
See Lovosice I for town information. The new cemetery is located at Lovosice-1 km W of the chateau, near the road leading to Vchynice. Caretaker with key: Mestska hrbitovni sprava (Directory of Municipal Cemetery.) The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated probably in 1872 with last known probably Conservative Jewish burial about 1978. A sign or plaque in Czech mentioning the former Jewish cemetery marks the flat suburban site, part of a municipal cemetery. Reached by crossing public property (municipal cemetery) and open to all, a continuous masonry wall, a hedge or row of trees or bushes surround the site as does a locking gate, the original Kohanim gate, but no gate from municipal cemetery. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is about 0.1906 ha. 1-20 stones are all in original locations with no special sections. The 20th century granite finely smoothed and inscribed stones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to former Jewish cemetery and unmarked mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a 1986 pre-burial house used as ceremonial hall for the municipal cemetery. The municipality owns Jewish cemetery property. Adjacent properties are agricultural and municipal cemetery. Frequently, organized individual tours and participants in non-Jewish funerals pass by. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II-in 1938 by Nazis, during World War II, occasionally 1981-91, and 1945-1981. Local/municipal authorities did restoration in 1983-86. Now, authorities occasionally clean or clear (caretaker of municipal cemetery). Slight threat: uncontrolled access and vandalism.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on June 24, 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1893-1894; cadastre 1872; newspapers Proud, 1986, no. 6; Irena Mala. Ludmila Kubatova: Pochody smrti, 1965. Other documentation was inaccessible. No site visits or interviews occurred.

LUBENEC: (called Lubenz in German) used the cemetery in Drahonice
LUCK: (German) see Luka
LUDITZ: (German for Zlutice) used the cemteries at Chyse

LUKA:     US Commission No. CZCE000125
Alternate name: Luck in German. Luka is located in Bohemia, Karlovy Vary at 50º10 13º10, 20 km SE of Karlovy Vary. Cemetery: 800 meters W. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was mid-15th century. 1930 Jewish population was 21. Jews moved to bigger towns in the second half of the 19th century. The Jewish cemetery was possibly of medieval origin with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1940. Struzna (Giesshubel in German), Bochov (Buchau), Udrc (Udritsch); Kozlov (Gosslau); Budov (Buda), 2-11 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery. The flat isolated rural (agricultural) site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1690 sq. m. No stones or known mass graves exist but a pre-burial house-ruin does. Plzen Jewish community owns site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II (tombstones taken away by Nazis) and 1945-1981 (last tombstone stolen after 1965). Moderate threat: uncontrolled access and proposed nearby development. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and vegetation.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/553340 completed survey on May 18, 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha, 1965. Heimatbuch des Kreises Luditz, 1971; cadastre of 1841; census. The site was not visited. The Catholic rector of Chyse, now deceased, was interviewed in 1983.

LUKAVEC:     US Commission No. CZCE000126
Alternate name: Lukawetz in German. Lukavec is located in Bohemia, Pelhrimov at 49º34 15.00, 28 km N of Tabor, 70 km SE of Prague. Cemetery: 150 meters N of the town square. Present town population is under 1,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was beginning of 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 18. The Jews moved to big towns in the second half of the 19th century. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1724 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial in 1935. The isolated suburban agricultural crown of a hill has no sign or marker. Reached by crossing a private courtyard, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 1611 sq. m. 100-500 stones, most in original locations, date from (legible) 1725-20th century. The granite flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the site is a pre-burial house. The local Jewish community owns the Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are gardens. Rarely, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and 1945-1981 with no maintenance. Moderate threats: uncontrolled access, pollution and vegetation. Slight threats: weather erosion and vandalism.
     Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 35-57-69 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on March 15, 1992. Documentation: Census 1724; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Prague about 1960. The site was not visited. Frantisek Zeman, local historian (1988), and local inhabitants (1992) were interviewed.

LUKAWETZ: (German) see Lukavec
LUNDENBURG: see BRECLAV
LUSCHE: (German) see Luze
LUSTENICE: also used cemetery at Mlada Boleslav
LUZ: (Hungarian) see Luze
LUZANY: (before 1907) probably used the cemetery at Dolni Lukavice and probably also used the cemetery at Svihov

LUZE:     US Commission No. CZCE000359
Alternate name: Lusche in German; Luz in Hungarian. Luze is located in Bohemia, Chrudim at 49º54 16º02, 10 km SW of Vysoke Myto; 23 km NW of Pardubice. Cemetery: 1300 meters ENE of the square. Present town population is 1,000-5,000 with fewer than 10 (mixed marriages descendants are only Jews).      Earliest known Jewish community was first quarter of the 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 32 Jews and 81 persons in Vysoke Myto but 42 Jews by racial laws in Luze in 1942. Peak Jewish population was mid-19th century (about 55 families). Later, Jews moved to big towns. Congregation existed until 1941. A native of this town was Israeli astronomer Jiri Alter (1891-1972). The Jewish cemetery originated in first half of mid-17th century. Buried in the unlandmarked cemetery are rabbis and nobleman Mordecai von Leidesdorfer (died 1810) with last known Conservative Jewish burial before WWII. Vysoke Myto (Hohenmauth in German), 11 km away, used this cemetery since mid-19th century. The wooded isolated hillside has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and non-locking gate. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.3472 ha. 100-500 stones, most in original locations, are without special sections, known mass graves, or structures. The 17th-20th century marble, granite, limestone, sandstone and slate flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. Praha Jewish community owns the site used only as a Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and woods. Occasionally, Jewish or non-Jewish private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II, occasionally 1945-1991. Local non-Jewish residents, Jewish individuals and groups within country did restoration in 1979-80, 1991-92. Now, there is occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Moderate threat: uncontrolled access, vegetation and vandalism. Slight threat: weather erosion, pollution and existing nearby development.
     Vlastimila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen; tel. office 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-3-340 completed survey on August 23, 1992. Documentation: census 1724, 1849, 1930; Hugo Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens, 1934; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens, 1893-1894; Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries of Bohemia and Moravia, 1980.

LYSA NAD LABEM:     US Commission No. CZCE000127
Alternate name: Lissa in German. Lysa Nad Labem is located in Bohemia, Nymburk at 50º12 14º52, 14 km W of Nymburk and 30 km ENE of Prague. Cemetery: 600 meters north. Present town population is 5,000-25,000 with probably no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was 1860. 1930 Jewish population was 24. Jews moved to big towns in second half of the 19th century. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated after 1893 with last known Conservative or Progressive/Reform Jewish burial before 1943. The flat suburban site, separate but near cemeteries, has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. A hedge or row of trees or bushes but no gate surrounds the cemetery. The pre- and post-WWII size of cemetery is 0.2877 ha. The cemetery contains no stones, known mass graves, or structures. The municipality owns property used for recreation (park, playground, and athletic field). Adjacent properties are agricultural gardens and car-sheds. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II or 1945-1981 before 1965. There is no maintenance. Serious threat: proposed nearby development. Moderate threat: pollution.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 000 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on May 11, 1992. Documentation: H. Gold: Die Juden Bohemens 1934; Frantisek Outrata: Pameti Mesta Lyse nad Labem, 1925; notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha, 1965. Other documentation was inaccessible. The site was not visited. Local inhabitants were interviewed in 1990. [sic]

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