International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project

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CZECHOSLOVAKIA

Czech Republic: Former Bohemia and Moravia--Czechoslovakia


THE CEMETERIES J

JABLONEC NAD NISOU:     US Commission No CZCE000300
Alternate names: (German) Gablonz. Town is in Bohemia at 50º43 15º11, 8 km SE of Liberec. Cemetery: 1100 meters NE of town-hall, in Vysoka Street between Svedska and Brezova Sts. Present population is 25,000-100,000 with Jewish population of 10-100.      Earliest known Jewish community was the religious society founded 1872 by 808 Jews. The first Jewish family was permitted in 1847. First prayer-room was 1860s. 1893 Congregation had rabbi since 1878. Jewish population increased until 1930s. Expulsion of Jews by Nazis was in 1938. After WWII, new congregation existed with Jewish inhabitants of E (Ruthenia, etc.) who later made aliyah or emigrated. Noteworthy individuals: photographer and writer Marcel Safir (1912-1978) buried in Israel; native town of Austrian zoologist invertebrates Heinrich Joseph (1875-1941); of conductor Peter Hermann Adler (1899-? USA); and of Anton Krafft, who perished in Nazi camps. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in 1882 with last known Conservative or Reform/Progressive Jewish burial in 1945. The isolated flat urban site with no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via no wall, fence, or gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII is about 0.96 ha. No stones are visible. Several urns removed from the cemetery were buried in Liberec in 1968 while other stones removed from the cemetery were stolen or sold. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. The municipality owns property used for hotel, housing, and parking. Properties adjacent are residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. The cemetery was demolished in 1939 during World War II and liquidated in 1968. No care or maintenance. Within the limits of the cemetery are homes.
     Jan Marek, Na hranici 208, 405 05 Decin; tel. and fax for messages: 0412/23-662 or 28-090 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 29 November 1992. Documentation: 1. Jahrbuch fur die israelische Cultusgemeinden Bohemens (1893-4); 2. Der politische Bezirk Gablons (1895); 3. Herman: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); and 4. 1984 letter of Archivist, Ms. Wowkova. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: No. 35, 36 in archives of both Jewish congregation and town. Marek who interviewed caretaker in 1986 and the inhabitants of Jablonec n. N. in 1992 visited the site.

JABLONKAU: (German) see JABLUNKOV
JABLUNKAU: (German) see JABLUNKOV

JABLUNKOV:     US Commission No CZCE000093
Alternate names: (German) Jablonkau, Jablunkau. Town is in Slezsko (Silesia) Frydek-Mistek at 49º35 18º47, 45 km SE of Ostrava. Cemetery: 0.2 km S of Jablunkov. Present population is 5000-25,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from second half of 19th century. There was a Jewish community from about 1900. [contradiction?]. 1930 Jewish population was 61. Painter Otto Schneid lived here. Jewish cemetery, unlandmarked, originated in second half of the 19th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. The flat suburban land, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign, but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and a continuous fence with a locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: about 15x50 meters. 20-100 gravestones, with 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from second half of the 19th century-20th century. The marble and granite flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have metal fences around graves. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Ostrava Jewish community owns the property used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are other cemeteries. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Site was vandalized between 1945 and ten years ago and occasionally in the last ten years. Jewish groups within country cleared vegetation and fixed wall in the 1970s. Current care: occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house. Security (uncontrolled access), weather erosion, pollution, vandalism, and incompatible nearby development (existing, planned or proposed) are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth constantly disturbs graves.
     Engineer Arch, Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. Klenovsky conducted no interviews but visited site in 1987 and 1991.

JAGERNDORF: (German) see Krnov

JANOVICE NAD UHLAVOU:     US Commission No CZCE000094
Alternate names: (German) Janowitz an der Angel. Town is in Bohemia, Klatovy at 49º21 13º13, 7 km SW of Klatovy and 44 km SSW of Plzen. Cemetery: 2.5 km SW of town. Present population is 1000-5000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from probably first half of the 18th century. 1930 Jewish population was 15. Jews moved to big towns in second half of 19th century. Birthplace of music critic and historian Ernst Rychnowski (1879-1934.) Jewish cemetery allegedly originated in 1723 but a stone is legible from 1705 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. Dlazov, (Ger: Glosau) and Beharov (Ger: Wihorschau), both 4 km away, used this landmarked cemetery (#4303). The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has Czech sign mentioning the year of establishment of cemetery. Reached by crossing private fields, access is open with permission via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.1384 ha. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original locations and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1705-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The cemetery is divided into special sections: old and new. The marble, granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German, and Czech inscriptions. Some have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims but no known mass graves. Plzen Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred between 1945 and ten years. The military command re-erected stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate in 1991. Current care: occasional clearing or cleaning by individuals. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Security (uncontrolled access) and weather erosion are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access. Vandalism is a moderate threat.
     Marketz Cibulkova, Serikova 20, 317 05 Plzen; tel. 019/416-87; 2. Rudol Lowy, Jesenicka 33, 323 23 Plzen; tel. 019/52-06-84; 3. Peter Braun, Komenskeho 43, 323 13 Plzen; tel. 019/52-15-58; and 4. Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 15500 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 22 May 1992. Documentation: 1. Gold: Die Juden and Judengemeinden Bohemens (1934); 2. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Notes of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; and 4. 1724 and 1930 censuses. Cibulkova, Braun, and Lowy visited site in March 1992. Interviews were conducted with L. Smolik, 340 37 Mecin cp. 56.

JANOWITZ AN DER ANGEL: (German) see Janovice Nad Uhlavou

JAROMER:     US Commission No CZCE000038
Alternate/Former name: (German) Jermer. The town is in Bohemia, Nacod at 50º22 15º55, 16 km NNE of Hradec Kralove. Cemetery: 1200 meters NE of the main (old) square, close to the road leading to Caslavky. Present town population is 5000-25,000 with possibly fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from second half of the 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 32 in Jaromer and 66 in adjoining Josefov. Jewish religious society was founded in second half of 19th century. Soldiers of garrison in adjoining town-fortress Josefov (Ger: Josefstadt) were largest part of worshippers. Prayer-room in Jaromer probably disbanded after WWI. Seat of congregation and rabbi were in Dvur-Kralove nad Labem, 11 km away. This was native town of Hana Volakova (1904-1985, historian and head of the State Jewish Museum in Prague and of Mudr. Wilhelm Winternitz (1881-1906, founder of hydropathy). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in second half of 19th century with last known Conservative or Reform/Progressive Jewish burial probably 1976. The flat suburban location is part of a municipal cemetery with no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. The Jewish portion has no separation from the rest of the cemetery by wall, fence, or gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: approximately 0.0125 ha. 20-100 gravestones in original location with less than 25% toppled or broken date from second half of 19th-20th centuries. The granite, limestone, and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones, multi-stone monuments, pr horizontally set stones have Hebrew and/or Czech inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Some stones removed from the cemetery are incorporated into roads or structures. The cemetery property is used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are residential and Christian cemetery. Frequently, private visitors and local residents stop. The cemetery probably was never vandalized. [?] Local or municipal authorities occasionally cleared vegetation. Current care is occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities )caretaker is the municipal cemetery). Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Security (uncontrolled access), weather erosion, and vegetation are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth is a seasonal problem preventing access.
     Martina Chmelikova, Mad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 115 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 16 August 1992. Documentation: censuses of 1849 and 1930 and 1983 letter of regional Evangelical parish priest, Jan Skubal. Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: No. 20, 35, 36, 45, 59, 60, and 62 in archives of town of Jaromer. M. Chmelikova conducted no interviews but visited site in August 1992.

JAMNITZ: (German) see Jemnice
JECHNITZ: (German for Jesenice) see Jesenice, also used the cemetery at Zderazbefore 1927

JEMNICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000095
Alternate name: Jamnitz in German. Town is in Morava-Trebic at 49º02 15º34, 45 km S of Jihlava. Cemetery is located at 0.3 km S on Udolni Str. Present population is 5000-25, with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from 1336. 1930 Jewish population was 52. Noteworthy historical events were a big fire in 1832 and 1866 pogrom. Jakub Juda Lob Askenazy, 17th century rabbi, lived here. The landmarked cemetery (# 2757 S.M.) probably originated in the 14th century with last known Conservative burial in 1942. The isolated suburban hillside has Czech sign mentioning the Jewish Community. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.2449 ha. 100-500 gravestones, in original location and 20-100 not with 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 1676-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The marble, granite, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration or obelisks, some with traces of painting on their surfaces, have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Brno Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are recreational and residential. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and between 1945 and ten years ago. Local non-Jewish residents, local or municipal authorities, and Jewish groups within country re-erected stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall in 1991. Current care: occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house ruin. Security (uncontrolled access), pollution, vandalism, and incompatible nearby development are slight threats. Weather erosion and vegetation are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage are seasonal problems preventing access.
     Engineer Arch. Jaroslav Kelnovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey form on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Gold book and J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. The site was visited in December 1991. No interviews.

JENIKOV:     used the cemetery at Benesov II
JERMER: (German) see JAROMER

JESENICE:     US Commission No. CZCE0000096 and CZCE0002360
[Used the cemetery at Zderazbefore 1927]
Alternate names: (German) Jechnitz in Bohemia-Rakovnik at 50º06 13º29, 18 km W of Rokovnik and 65 km W of Prague. Cemetery: 1 km SE of town. Present population is 1000-5000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from 1893. 1930 Jewish population was 46 people. Movement of Jews to big towns and expulsion of Jews by Nazis in 1938 effected the community. The unlandmarked cemetery originated in 1927 with last known Conservative or Reform/Progressive Jewish burial before 1939. The flat isolated suburban site has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before WWII was 300 sq. m. No stones are visible. Some stones removed from the cemetery to a museum of conservation are now stolen. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. The municipality owns the property used for a free burial place as an extension of the municipal cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Compared to 1939, cemetery boundaries are smaller because of the extension of the municipal cemetery. The Jewish cemetery is never visited. Vandalism occurred during World War II, between 1945 and ten years ago, and occasionally in the last ten years when last tombstones were stolen after 1984. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Incompatible nearby development (planned or proposed) is a very serious threat, an outrageous interference into a Jewish memorial place.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, 100 00 Praha 10; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 115 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 15 May 1992. Documentation: local history and notes of historian and the censuses of 1930 and 1991. Other documentation exists but inaccessible in the local museum (see above.) Mertl Ladislav visited site on 15 May 1992 and interviewed V. Zuska (see above) and Lydie Kurzova, historian, Plzenska 37, 270 33 Jesenice (also in 1983 and 1984.)

JESENIK:     US Commission No. CZCE000097
Alternate names: (German) Freiwaldau and [other] Fryvaldov. Town is in Slezsko (Silesia)-Sumperk at 50º14 17º12, 75 km N of Olomouc. Cemetery: 1 km N on Husova Str. Present population is 5000-25,000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from end of 19th century. 1930 Jewish population was 96. The unlandmarked cemetery originated around 1900 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1922. The suburban hillside, separate but near other cemeteries, has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is entirely closed with no wall, fence or gate. Size of cemetery before WWII: 0.2045 ha. No stones are visible. Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. A private individual owns the property now used a residence. Adjacent properties are residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and between 1945 and ten years ago. No care or maintenance. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Weather erosion, pollution, planned development, and vegetation are minor threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey form on 9 March 1992. Documentation: J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old to use. Klenovsky conducted no interviews but visited site in 1987 and 1991.

JESIN:     used the cemetery at Blevice

JEVICKO: (I) US Commission No. CZCE000343
Alternate names (German): Gewitsch. Town is in Moravia-Svitavy at 49º38 16º44, 42 km W of Olomouc and 50 km N of Brno. Cemetery: Old Cemetery, 80 meters NE of Synagogue in Okruzni Street. Present population is 1000-5000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from probably second half of 16th century. 1930 Jewish population was 86. Peak Jewish population was in the mid-19th century (989 in 1848, i.e., 33% of total population); later, Jews moved to big towns. In fire of 1869 on Jew Street, archives of congregation burned. Jew Street was a self-standing political community between 1848 and 1919. Noteworthy individuals: Rabbi Baruch ben Menachem Mandl Braunschweig (d. 1719) and native town of composer Richard Fall (probably 1882-1943). The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery was recorded in the 17th century. Rabbi Braunschweig is buried here. 1836 was last known Conservative Jewish burial. The flat isolated urban site has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open with permission via a continuous fence and locking gate. Size of cemetery before WWII: 0.3435 ha. Present size is about 0.25 ha. No stones are visible. Several tens of tombstones probably are buried in the new cemetery. [see Jevicko II] The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Sn agricultural association, "Zemedelske Zdruzeni" owns property used for garden, residences, and car sheds. Adjacent properties are residential. Compared to 1939, cemetery boundaries are smaller because of private car sheds. The property is never visited as a cemetery. Prior to World War II, a Jewish congregational old-people's home was built here. After 1941, the Nazis removed tombstones. Between 1945 and ten years ago, car-sheds were built. No maintenance and only care is of the garden. Within the limits of the former cemetery is the former Jewish old-people's home.
     Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 31 August 1992. Documentation: 1. Cadastre of 1834; 2. Frantisek Plech: Jevicko a Zide v historii (1992); 3. Emil Tutsch: Stare Jevicko (1937); and 4. Die Juden and Judengemeinden Mahrens (1929) [sic]. Fielder visited site in 1990 and conducted no interviews.
JEVICKO II:     US Commission No. CZCE000098 and No. CZCE000344
The cemetery, known as Gewitsch in German, is located 800 W, near the road to Zadni Arnostov. Caretaker: Jaroslav Ambroz, Svitavska 533, 569 43 Jevicko; tel. 0462/95-282. Other sources: Frantisek Plech "Jevicsky spravovaj" 569 43 Jevicko and Dag Hruby, K.H. Borovskeho 476, 569 43 Jevicko. The Jewish cemetery originated in 1836 with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1943. The cemetery might be listed as a monument. [yes (until 1972) and no (after 1972)]. Isolated and flat, the rural (agricultural) suburban site has no sign or marker. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all. A hedge or row of trees or bushes but no gate surrounds. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.5743 ha. 1-20 gravestones transferred from the old cemetery, none in original location with 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 1802-20th century. 100-500 tombstones were buried here about 1980-82. The granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and German inscriptions. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Praha Jewish community owns the site used as follows: a small part is a symbolical cemetery [lapidarium]; and the main part of the former cemetery is now a park with a mound from buried tombstones. Adjacent properties are agricultural. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II and since then. The original cemetery was demolished in the 1970's. A small lapidarium was formed after 1980. Praha Jewish Congregation pays the caretaker. Within the limits of the cemetery are no structures. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are serious threats to this secluded spot. Pollution is a moderate threat. Weather erosion is a slight threat.
     Engineer Mojmir Maly, Ve Stresovickach 58, 169 00 Praha 6; tel. 02/35-57-69 and Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 000 on 24 May 1992. Documentation: Hugo Gold: Die Juden und Judengemeinden Mahrens (1928); Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); cadastra and census. Klenovsky and Maly conducted no interviews but visited site in 1991 and 1992.

JICIN:     US Commission No. CZCE000345
Alternate names (German): Gitschin. Town is in Bohemia, Jicin at 50º26' 15º22', 30 km E of Mlada Bleslav and 40 km NW of Hradec Kralove. Cemetery: 2 km NE of main square. Present population is 5000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was the 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 119. Jewish Street established in the first half of the 17th century. Financier Jacob Bassevi (first Jew in Hapsburg monarchy raised to nobility) was a patron of local Jewish community in first half of 17th century. Peak Jewish population in late 19th century with 277 people in 1890. Later, they moved to big towns. Living here were J. Bassevi (1570-1634) [see above]; native town of violinist and conductor Joseph Markus (1853-1926) and of Austrian editor and writer Karl Kraus (1874-1936.) The Jewish cemetery originated possibly before 1652 with last known Conservative Jewish burial 1949. The ancestors of German revolutionary Rosa Luxemburg are buried here. Kopidlno, 13 km away, used this unlandmarked cemetery between fields and woods. The flat isolated site has no sign but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall. Reached by crossing private property, access is open with permission via a continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.1104 ha. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original locations and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1734-20th century. Some stones removed from the cemetery are incorporated into roads or structures. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access. The marble, granite, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, multi-stone monuments, or obelisks have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have portraits on stones and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house with a memorial tablet listing Holocaust victims. Praha Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and woods. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred between 1945 and ten years ago and occasionally in the last ten years. local or municipal authorities and Jewish groups within the country re-erected stones, cleared vegetation, fixed wall and gate, and mortuary done. Restoration work is carried on continuously. Current care: occasional clearing or cleaning by authorities. Security (uncontrolled access), vegetation, and vandalism are moderate threats. Weather, erosion, pollution, and incompatible nearby development (existing) are slight threats.
     Vlastimila Hamackova, Zabelska 37, 312 15 Plzen; tel. office 02/231-06-34 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 25 August 1992. Documentation: 1. 1651, 1890, and 1930 Censuses; 2. Notes of the Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; 3. Die Juden and Judengemeinden Mahrens (1929); 4. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); and 5. Antonin Horsky: "şa na hrbitove pasti dobytek" (in Dnesek, 1948, p. 633). Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: No. 14, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 in archives of Jewish Congregation in Praha. Hamackova conducted no interviews but visited site in 1990.
      http://www.zchor.org/valasske.htm [March 2003]

JIHLAVA:     US Commission No. CZCE000099
Also used cemetery at Puklice. Alternate name: Iglau in German. Town is in Morava-Jihlava at 49º 24' 15º35, 80 km W of Brno. Cemetery: 1.5 km W, U cviciste Street. Present population is 25,000-100,000 with 10-100 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community dates from 1345. 1928 Jewish population was 1,400. Jews banished in 1426 were granted residence in 1848. Establishment of Jewish community was 1863. Gustav Mahler; poet Louis Furnberg; and Zionist Dr. Siegmund Werner lived here. The unlandmarked cemetery originated in 1870 with last known Conservative Jewish burial in 1980. Dr. Siegmund Werner is buried here. The isolated flat suburban site has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a continuous masonry wall, fence, and non-locking gate. Size of cemetery before WWII: 0.919 ha. Present size of cemetery is 0.8879 ha. 500-1000 gravestones, less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1870-20th century. The cemetery has special section for children. The marble, granite, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, multi-stone monuments or obelisks have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations or lettering, bronze decorations or lettering, and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house with wall inscriptions. Brno Jewish community owns site used for Jewish cemetery only. Adjacent properties are commercial or industrial and hospital. Compared to 1939, cemetery boundaries are smaller because of new roads or highways. Occasionally, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred from 1945 to now. Local non-Jewish residents and Jewish groups within country cleared vegetation and fixed wall in 1970's and 1980's. Brno Jewish Congregation pays regular caretaker. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are moderate threats. Weather erosion, pollution, vegetation, and incompatible nearby development are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth is a constant problem, disturbing graves.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: 1. Gold and 2. J. Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. J. Klenovsky conducted no interviews but visited site in February 1992.

JINDRICHUV HRADEC:     US Commission No. CZCE000301
Alternate German name: Neuhaus. Town is in Bohemia at 49º09' 15º00', 40 km NE of Ceske Budejovice and 36 km SE of Tabor. Cemetery: 1000 meters SSW of chateau on E bank of river. Present population is 5000-25,000 with fewer than 10 Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community is eight Jewish families permitted in 1294. 1930 Jewish population was 234. A scanty community existed perhaps since the end of the 13th century. Pogrom occurred in 1338. Only four families were permitted in 14th-17th century. In first half of 18th century supernumerary families were banished. Jewish population increased in second half of the 18th century (9-12 families until 1848); new increase of Jewish community was about 1848. Jewish shops and houses were looted in 1919. Living here were Rabbi Michael Rachmuth, author Czech textbooks on Jewish history and literature in first third of century; Franz J. Beranek (1902-1967), non-Jewish Yiddish linguist; native town of the following: American opera conductor Kurt Adler (1907-1977); prominent opera singer Karel Berman (b. 1919); and painter Robert Piesen (1921-1977 Israel). The Jewish cemetery originated allegedly in 1400, but recorded in 16th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial 1940s or 1950s. Probably Straz nad Nezarkou (Ger: Platz), 11 km away, and Nova Bystrice (Ger: Neu-Bistritz), 16 km away, before local cemeteries were founded in 19th century used this landmarked cemetery. Landmark: on the Republic List of Monuments. The isolated suburban hillside by water has Czech sign mentioning the cemetery as cultural monument. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.3448 ha. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original locations and 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 1714-20th century. The marble, granite, and limestone flat shaped stones, finely s moothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, sculpted monuments, multi-stone monuments, or obelisks have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations/lettering, other metallic elements, and/or metal fences around graves. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery are a pre-burial house and a former caretaker's house, now sold. The pre-burial house is a functionalist building from 1937 with a funeral coach, biers, candlesticks, tablets of prayers, and memorial tablets, etc. Praha Jewish community owns the site used for Jewish cemetery and storage. Adjacent properties are a building site. Occasionally, private visitors and local residents stop. The cemetery probably never was vandalized. Local non-Jewish scouts and Jewish groups within country cleared vegetation. Current care: occasional clearing and cleaning organized by Jewish congregation with no regular caretaker. Security (uncontrolled access) and vandalism are a serious threat because the masonry wall is broken. Weather erosion and pollution are slight threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access.
     Martina Chmelikova, Nad Ondrejovem 16, 140 00 Praha 4; tel. 02/69-20-350 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 completed survey on 24 November 1992. Documentation: 1. Frantisek Teply: Dejiny Mesta Jinrichova Hradce (1927); 2. Michael Rachmuth: "Die Juden in Neuhaus" (in Jahrbuch der Gesellschaft fur Geschichte der Juden in der Cechoslowakischen Republik, 1932); 3. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 4. Notes of research made by Statni Zidovske Muzuem Praha; and 5. Notes of photographer Ivan Belohoubek from Ostrava (1984). Other documentation exists but was inaccessible: No. 14, 22, 54, 60, 63, and 64 in archives of Praha Jewish Congregation. Chmelikova interviewed Ms. Vlckova from Okresni Urad, Referat Kultury by telephone in 1992and visited site in June 1992.
     ROMZBERK [See Main Czech page: A cemetery list from approximately 1930 (with some later additions) of the names and dates of death for most people buried at the Jewish cemetery in Jindrichuv Hradec will be put accessible format on their website. They are checking if all the corresponding stones are still there and completing the data with dates of birth, places where the people lived etc. [date?]

JIRICE U MIROSLAVI:     US Commission No. CZCE000100
Alternate German name: Irritz. Town is in Morava-Znojmo at 48º53 16º20, 35 km SW of Brno. Cemetery: 0.5 km SE of town. Present population is under 1000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was the 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 13. Jewish community cancelled in 1891. The unlandmarked Jewish cemetery originated in the 17th century with last known Conservative Jewish burial before 1942. The isolated flat suburban site has no sign. Reached by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall and no gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.0957 ha. 20-100 gravestones, 20-100 in original location and over 75% toppled or broken, date from 1692-20th century Some stones removed from the cemetery are in a museum of conservation. The marble, granite, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew and/or German inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. Brno Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties are agricultural and residential. Rarely, private visitors stop. Vandalism occurred prior to World War II and 1938 continuously by Nazis. No maintenance or care. Pollution is a very serious threat. Security (uncontrolled access), vandalism, and vegetation are serious threats. Vegetation overgrowth constantly disturbs stones. Weather erosion and planned or proposed incompatible development are moderate threats. Incompatible nearby development (existing) is a slight threat.
     Engineer arch. Jaroslav Klenovsky, Zebetinska 13, 623 00 Brno; tel. 0 completed survey on 1 March 1992. Documentation: Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980). Other documentation exists but was too old. He visited site in October 1991 and conducted no interviews.

JIRKOV: (known as Gorkau in German) used the cemetery at Chomutov and the cemetery at Uldice before 1871
JISTEBNITZ: (German) see Jistenbnice

JISTENBNICE:     US Commission No. CZCE000346
German name: Jistenbnitz, Gistebnitz. Town is in Bohemia-Tabor at 49º 29' 14º 32', 13 km NW of Tabor and 57 km N of Ceske Budejovice. Cemetery: 2 km W of town. Present population is 1000-5000 with no Jews.      Earliest known Jewish community was early 17th century. 1930 Jewish population was 19. All Jewish houses burned in 1721. Jewish population peaked in 1848 with about 90 people. Later, Jews moved to big cities. Independent congregation disbanded after 1930. Native town of the following: prominent leader of Czech-Jewish movement and patron of arts, Leopold Katz (1854-1927); numismatist Viktor Katz (1880-1940); communist journalist hanged in R. Stransky trial, Andre Simone (aka Otto Katz) (1895-1952). The landmarked Jewish cemetery originated before 1640. Rabbis and Viktor Katz are buried here with last known Conservative or Reform/Progressive Jewish burial before 1943. The isolated rural (agricultural) hillside has no sign. Reached by crossing private property by the edge of field, access is open to all via a broken masonry wall (in quite good shape) and non-locking gate. Size of cemetery before and after WWII: 0.2158 ha. 100-500 gravestones, 20-100 not in original locations and less than 25%-50% toppled or broken, date from 1640-20th century. The granite, limestone, and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones, flat stones with carved relief decoration, double tombstones, or multi-stone monuments have Hebrew, German, and/or Czech inscriptions. Some have iron decorations or lettering and/or tin roofs. The cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the cemetery is a pre-burial house with a stone table (tahara). Praha Jewish community owns the site used only for Jewish cemetery purposes. Adjacent properties are recreational. Occasionally, organized Jewish group tours or pilgrimage group, private visitors, and local residents stop. Vandalism occurred during World War II. Past maintenance: restoration unnecessary as cemetery is in good shape. Current care: none. Security (uncontrolled access), vandalism, and vegetation are moderate threats. Vegetation overgrowth seasonally prevents access. Weather erosion, pollution, and incompatible nearby development (existing) are slight threats.
     Ladislav Mertl, Mgr. of Geography, Kubanske namesti 1322/17, Praha 10-Vrsovice; tel. 02/743213 and Jiri Fiedler, Brdickova 1916, 155 00 Praha 5; tel. 02/55-33-40 in August 1992. Documentation: 1. R. Cikhart: Minulost mesta Jistebnice (1925); 2. Jan Herman: Jewish Cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia (1980); 3. Archives of Statni Zidovske Muzeum Praha; 4. Censuses of 1723, 1849, 1930, 1991. Other documentation was inaccessible. 78. Mertl visited site on 18 July 1992. No interviews.

JOSEFOV: see Jaromer
JOSEFSTADT: (German for Josefov) see Jaromer and Praha-Josefov
JUEDISCHE STADT: (German) see Praha-Josefov
JUNG-WOSCHITZ: (German) see Mlada Vozice
JUNGBUNZLAU: (German) see Mlada Boleslav
JUNGERTEINITZ: (German for Panensky Tynec) also used cemetery at Hrivcice

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