For close to a thousand years, the region known as Sub-Carpathian Ruthenia had belonged to the Hungarian Empire. Tax records indicate Jewish settlement in the Hungarian Empire as far back as the 11th century. In the late 17th century, the Austrian Hapsburgs defeated the Turkish Ottoman Empire and, around this time, a greater amount of immigration to the Austro-Hungarian Empire occurred.

Jews were among those who came to Hungary looking for a better life and an escape from persecution. By the end of the 18th century, there were approximately 80,000 Jews residing within the borders of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

Jewish presence in Sub-Carpathia dates back to at least the 16th century, when Jews first came to Sub-Carpathian Rus', then covering the four northeastern counties of the Hungarian kingdom, although their numbers were very small until the second half of the 18th century.

It's worth noting that outside the major Hungarian towns, the region had the highest concentration of the pre-Trianon Jewish population, produced many Manhattan Project physicists and Nobel Laureates.


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There were many revered rabbis in Sub-Carpathia over time. Following are some of them, in alphabetial order.

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