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                        HOW ARE WE RELATED ?
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                                                   A JewishGen InfoFile

                    Relationship Chart
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      |     |  0  |  1  |  2  |  3  |  4  |  5  |  6  |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  0  |*CP* |  S  | GS  | GGS |2GGS |3GGS |4GGS |
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      |  1  |  S  |  B  |  N  | GN  | GGN |2GGN |3GGN |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  2  | GS  |  N  | 1C  |1C1R |1C2R |1C3R |1C4R |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  3  | GGS | GN  |1C1R | 2C  |2C1R |2C2R |2C3R |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  4  |2GGS | GGN |1C2R |2C1R | 3C  |3C1R |3C2R |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  5  |3GGS |2GGN |1C3R |2C2R |3C1R | 4C  |4C1R |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
      |  6  |4GGS |3GGN |1C4R |2C3R |3C2R |4C1R | 5C  |
      +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+

    *CP*= Common Progenitor      N= Nephew or Niece
       C= Cousin                GS= Grandson or Grand-daughter
       B= Brother or Sister    GGS= Great-grandson or
       S= Son or Daughter           Great-granddaughter
       R= Times Removed

The numbers on the top and on the left side represent generations. To
show how two people are related, we must figure out who is the common
progenitor (*CP*, the closest ancestor which two people have in common,
which might be a parent, grand-parent, great grand-parent, etc.)  When
you have determined that both of you have the same ancestor, figure out
how many generations for one and then the other, and go to the point
where they intersect and that is your relationship.

For example, suppose you want to know the relationship between yourself
and your first cousin's son. The first question to ask is: Who is the
closest ancestor to both of us? The answer is your grandfather (or
grandmother, but for simplicity, the chart shows only male descent,
though it is the same for both males and females).

On the left column, notice that the square next to number 2 says GS,
which stands for grandson. That is you (in our example). On the row
across the top, you can see that the square below number 3 says GGS,
which means great-grandson. That is your first cousin's son. Again, your
grandfather and your first cousin's great-grandfather are the same
person. On the chart, you are number 2 and he is number 3.

The square at which row 2 and column 3 meet tells you the relationship.
That is, the square which says "1C1R" means "first cousin once removed".
That is your relationship to each other.

Your first cousins are the people in your family who have two of the
same grandparents as you. In other words, they are the children of 
your aunts and uncles.

Your second cousins are the people in your family who have the 
same great-grandparents as you, but not the same grandparents. 

Your third cousins have the same great-great-grandparents, 
fourth cousins have the same great-great-great-grandparents, and 
so on.

When the word "removed" is used to describe a relationship, it 
indicates that the two people are from different generations.

Can you be your own cousin? Yes. If, for example, your great-
grandparents were first cousins when they married, then you are your 
own fourth cousin.
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[1Mar96] Rev. 21 Jun04
Chart adapted from: _From Generation To Generation_ by Arthur Kurzweil.
Provider: Bernard Kouchel <bkouchel@jewishgen.org>
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